Early nurture epigenetically tunes the oxytocin receptor
Experiences early in life have the potential to alter social behavior and emotion regulation across the lifespan (Levine, 1957; Harlow et al., 1965; Bowlby, 1969). One of the most critical relationships in early life is the parent-offspring dyad, where variation in experience can permanently alter the developmental trajectory of the offspring. Variability in early care may be adaptive, serving to prepare offspring for their likely future environment, and is also a key mechanism allowing for the development of individual differences in behavior (Denenberg et al., 1962; Levine et al., 1967; Francis et al., 1999). (Source: Ps...
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 31, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Allison M. Perkeybile, C. Sue Carter, Kelly L. Wroblewski, Meghan H. Puglia, William M. Kenkel, Travis S. Lillard, Themistoclis Karaoli, Simon G. Gregory, Niaz Mohammadi, Larissa Epstein, Karen L. Bales, Jessica J. Connelly Source Type: research
Glucocorticoid interactions with the dorsal striatal endocannabinoid system in regulating inhibitory avoidance memory
The endocannabinoid (eCB) system, mainly through activity-dependent retrograde actions of the endogenous ligands anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol on cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1Rs), controls the firing rate of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, which is vital for neural communication and plasticity changes (Di Marzo et al., 1998; Gray et al., 2014; Lovinger and Mathur, 2017; Ohno-Shosaku and Kano, 2014). The eCB system is highly sensitive to stress and emerged as a key modulator of the stress response, emotion regulation and emotional memory (Balsevich et al., 2017; Hill et al., 2010b; Lutz et al., 2015; Mor...
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 30, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Cristina Siller-P érez, Antonio Fuentes-Ibañez, Erika L. Sotelo-Barrera, Norma Serafín, Roberto A. Prado-Alcalá, Patrizia Campolongo, Benno Roozendaal, Gina L. Quirarte Source Type: research
Glucocorticoids stimulate hypothalamic dynorphin expression accounting for stress-induced impairment of GnRH secretion during preovulatory period
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons form the final common pathway for the central regulation of fertility. Pulsatile hypothalamic GnRH release regulates pituitary secretion of gonadotropins (LH, Luteinizing Hormone and FSH, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) that, in turn control ovarian function during the oestral cycle. The gonadal steroids are critical feedback regulators of the hypothalamus-pituitary activity. Much of the ovulatory cycle is dominated by negative feedback effects of the gonadal estradiol (E2) and progesterone. (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 28, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Mohsen Ayrout, Florian Le Billan, Val érie Grange-Messent, Sakina Mhaouty-Kodja, Marc Lombès, Stéphanie Chauvin Source Type: research
Oxytocin administration and emotion recognition abilities in adults with a history of childhood adversity
It is well established that adverse early life experiences can predispose individuals to mental and physical disease in adulthood (Gilbert et al., 2009; Repetti et al., 2002) raising the question of how the long-lasting health consequences of unfavorable early environments are sustained. A large body of research has shown that early adversity can lead to altered regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (Heim et al., 2008) and to deficits in social behavior and social cognitive skills such as emotion processing (Young and Widom, 2014). (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 27, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Marion Schwaiger, Markus Heinrichs, Robert Kumsta Source Type: research
Postnatal impoverished housing impairs adolescent risk-assessment and increases risk-taking: a sex-specific effect associated with histone epigenetic regulation of Crfr1 in the medial prefrontal cortex
There is considerable evidence showing that early-life stress (ELS) exposure can negatively affect brain development, producing an array of clinically relevant behavioral and cognitive alterations (Blair and Raver, 2016; Harrison and Baune, 2014). These consequences may prime such vulnerable individuals toward the development of neuropsychiatric illnesses during adolescence as well as young adulthood (Grassi-Oliveira et al., 2008). While increasing evidence posits poor decision-making as a central feature of mental disorders (Kluwe-Schiavon et al., 2016b; Steward et al., 2016), very few studies investigated the effects of ...
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Thiago Wendt Viola, Luis Eduardo Wearick-Silva, Kerstin C. Creutzberg, Érika Kestering, Rodrigo Orso, Anderson Centeno-Silva, Lucas Albrechet-Souza, Paul R. Marshall, Xiang Li, Timothy W. Bredy, Marco A. Riva, Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira Source Type: research
Effects of Acute Stress on Social Behavior in Women
Stress is an omnipresent phenomenon in our lives. With its consequences on a subjective level and various physiological adaptations (eg, increases in cardiovascular activity, cortisol secretion or immune system changes), it reveals a strong impact on wellbeing and health (Chrousos, 2009; Foley and Kirschbaum, 2010; Kemeny and Schedlowski, 2007; M énard et al., 2016), especially when it concerns chronic states of stress or repeated, intense stressful situations entailing few options to recover (Karatsoreos and McEwen, 2011; McEwen et al., 2015). (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 25, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Bernadette von Dawans, Beate Ditzen, Amalie Trueg, Urs Fischbacher, Markus Heinrichs Source Type: research
Enhanced cortisol secretion in acute transient global amnesia
Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a sudden and severe disturbance in memory, which interferes with the learning of novel information and usually resolves within several hours. During the episode, patients cannot encode and recall new information (anterograde amnesia affecting episodic long-term memory), and therefore, repeatedly ask the same questions concerning their environment. In many, but not all patients a partial or “patchy” impairment of retrograde episodic long-term memory is also present; patients have difficulty encoding and recalling episodic information that was learned...
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 25, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Martin Griebe, Anne Ebert, Frauke Nees, Katharina Katic, Benjamin Gerber, Kristina Szabo Source Type: research
Interaction of HPA axis genetics and early life stress shapes emotion recognition in healthy adults
For humans navigating a social world, facial expressions are a valuable source of information about other ’s emotional states and adequate behaviour in social interactions. Competency in inferring emotions from facial expressions (facial emotion recognition; FER) emerges already in infancy and continues to develop with increasing refinement until adolescence (Leppänen and Nelson, 2009). Early life st ress (ELS; i.e. conditions during childhood that threaten the emotional or physical well-being and exceed the child’s coping resources), however, affects this development (da Silva Ferreira et al., 2014). (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Corinna Hartling, Yan Fan, Anne Weigand, Irene Trilla, Matti G ärtner, Malek Bajbouj, Isabel Dziobek, Simone Grimm Source Type: research
Author Response to: Modulating Kynurenine Monooxygenase in Microglia: the need for further characterization
In their letter to the editor, Mr. Moon and Mr. Minhas make several points that are entirely consistent with the original text of our manuscript (Garrison et al., 2018). Unfortunately, they present them as points of criticism instead of agreement. Namely, our study described a novel observation that inhibition of kynurenine monooxygenase (KMO), but not indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), in mouse microglia attenuated several LPS-induced responses, including upregulation of TNF-alpha transcripts and accumulation of nitrite. (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Allison M. Garrison, Jennifer M. Parrott, Arnulfo Tunon, Jennifer Delgado, Laney Redus, Jason C. O ’Connor Source Type: research
Editorial Board & Publication Information
(Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Inflammation in older subjects with early- and late-onset depression in the NESDO study: a cross-sectional and longitudinal case-only design
Depression in old age is common with a prevalence of approximately 15% (Power et al., 2016). Although the prevalence of depression appears to remain unchanged over age (World Health Organization, 2016; Luppa et al., 2012), it has been suggested that depression that begins early in life (early-onset) is etiologically different from depression beginning at higher ages (late-onset depression) (Brodaty et al., 2001). Exploring the etiological differences between early-onset and late-onset depression is clinically relevant, given the potential implications for depression treatment at higher ages. (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: M.P. Rozing, R. Veerhuis, R.G.J. Westendorp, P. Eikelenboom, M. Stek, R.M. Marijnissen, R.C. Oude Voshaar, H.C. Comijs, E. van Exel Source Type: research
Intensifying sleep slow oscillations does not improve metabolic control in healthy men
Sleep impairments affect metabolic function including glucoregulation and add to the impact of more traditional risk factors like obesity and sedentarism (Anothaisintawee et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2017). In healthy young men submitted to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (ivGTT), a reduction in nocturnal sleep duration to four hours for six consecutive days reduced glucose uptake by 40% and impaired the acute insulin response (Spiegel et al., 1999) as well as insulin sensitivity (Leproult and Van Cauter, 2010). (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jo ão C.P. Santiago, Hong-Viet Ngo, Carola Jickeli, Andreas Peter, Manfred Hallschmid Source Type: research
Cortisol levels and cognitive profile in major depression: A comparison of currently and previously depressed patients
Major depression is a prevalent and impairing disorder (Wittchen and Jacobi, 2005). In addition to disturbances in mood, motivation and vegetative functioning, there is solid evidence indicating that depression is associated with cognitive impairments in its acute phase (Hammar and Årdal, 2009; Rock et al., 2014). Deficits are most common in the domains of memory (Hinkelmann et al., 2013), executive functioning (Snyder, 2013), attention (Rock et al., 2014), and psychomotor speed (Egeland et al., 2005). (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ragnhild S ørensen Høifødt, Knut Waterloo, Catharina E.A. Wang, Martin Eisemann, Yngve Figenschou, Marianne Halvorsen Tags: Original article Source Type: research
Maternal experiences of trauma and hair cortisol in early childhood in a prospective cohort
Traumatic life events, such as natural disasters, sudden death of a loved one, and childhood abuse, are commonplace and critical issues for public health (Herrenkohl et al., 2015; Magruder et al., 2016). Over two-thirds of US adults have been exposed to at least one potentially traumatic event (Goldstein et al., 2016), and cumulative lifetime trauma exposure is associated with serious physical and mental health outcomes across the lifespan (Anda et al., 2006; McLaughlin et al., 2010; Suglia et al., 2015). (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Natalie Slopen, Andrea L. Roberts, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Nicole Bush, Cynthia R. Rovnaghi, Frances Tylavsky, Kanwaljeet J.S. Anand Source Type: research
Maternal Oxytocin Responsiveness Improves Specificity of Positive Social Memory Recall
Oxytocin is related to attachment and emotional well-being. Converging evidence indicates that baseline oxytocin and increased oxytocin after child –parent interaction reflect sensitive and caring parental behaviours (Feldman et al., 2010). Subsequent research has shown that increased oxytocin after social interaction is more important than baseline oxytocin in explaining the role of oxytocin in the social behaviours and social memory of pare nts (Feldman et al., 2010). In addition, the administration of nasal oxytocin spray reverses the behavioural signs of depression, such as social submissiveness (c.f. (Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology)
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - August 19, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Wai S. Tse, Angela F.Y. Siu, Qian Zhang, H.Y. Edwin Chan Source Type: research
