At-risk symptoms of bipolar disorder in a university student cohort
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe chronic disease with periods of remission and relapse. It is characterized by affective periods causing unusual shifts in mood, activity levels, and the ability to cope with everyday life. Mood swings range from the lows of depression consisting of low mood and decreased drive to the highs of mania associated with elevated mood, and increased energy with simultaneous loss of sleep, increased talkativeness and partly irresponsible behavior. Moreover, BD is associated with a significant risk of suicidal behavior and at least 15% of patients die by suicide (Muller-Oerlinghausen et al., 2002)....
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ida S. Haussleiter, Sandra Lorek, Eike Zeschel, Svenja Mattausch, Milena Meyers, Georg Juckel Source Type: research
Temperament and characteristics related to nomophobia
Nomophobia is considered to be a disorder of the modern world, derived from the technological developments and advances that have been produced by virtual communication. It is defined as the fear of being out of mobile phone contact and is considered a modern age phobia that has been introduced to our lives as a product of the interaction between people and mobile information and communication technologies (Nagpal and Kaur, 2016). Although Nomophobia has been regarded as a controversial term, it is referred to as dependence on mobile phones (Dixit et al., 2010) or an addiction to mobile phones (Forgays et al., 2014). (Sour...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Maria Angustias Olivencia-Carri ón, Ramón Ferri-García, María del Mar Rueda, Manuel Gabriel Jiménez-Torres, Francisca López-Torrecillas Source Type: research
Race/Ethnicity, Psychological Resilience, and Social Support among OEF/OIF Combat Veterans
Several studies have shown racial/ethnic disparities in mental and physical health conditions in veteran samples. Hispanic and African American veterans were found to have higher rates and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts (Kaczkurkin et al., 2016; Ortega and Rosenheck, 2000). One of these studies specifically examined male active duty Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) service members, and the findings also revealed that Hispanic service members endorsed greater alcohol consumption than African American and non-Hispanic White ...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Matthew S. Herbert, Desmond W. Leung, James O.E. Pittman, Elizabeth Floto, Niloofar Afari Source Type: research
The Association Between PTSD and Facial Affect Recognition
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often develops after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event that invokes feelings of fear, helplessness, and/or horror (Brewin and Holmes, 2003). Litz and Gray (2002) stated that “chronic PTSD entails an admixture of intrusive negative affects and problems with emotional experience and expression” (p. 203). Correspondingly, investigators have found associations between PTSD and disrupted emotional experiences rangi ng from restrictions in the ability to feel or experience emotions and emotional responsivity (i.e., emotional numbing, Roemer et al., 2001) to experiencing ...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Christian L. Williams, Melissa E. Milanak, Matt R. Judah, Howard Berenbaum Source Type: research
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and happiness among adults in the general population
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, that individually or in combination impact negatively on development or functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Associated features of the disorder that support the diagnosis include low frustration tolerance, irritability or mood lability (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). In connection with this, it has been suggested that poor emotional functioning, as seen for e xample, in mood instability and emotional impulsiveness might also constitute a co...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Andrew Stickley, Ai Koyanagi, Hidetoshi Takahashi, Vladislav Ruchkin, Yosuke Inoue, Aki Yazawa, Yoko Kamio Source Type: research
Intellectual factors in false memories of patients with schizophrenia
True memory impairment is well established in patients with schizophrenia. A meta-analysis study suggested that patients with schizophrenia have generalized memory deficits, including impairments in verbal and nonverbal recognition (Aleman et al., 1999). Moreover, memory impairments in patients with schizophrenia have been linked to deficits in prefrontal and hippocampal brain activation (Ragland et al., 2015). There is, however, an ongoing debate regarding whether patients with schizophrenia have more false memories than do healt hy controls (Elvevåg et al., 2004; Moritz et al., 2004; Moritz et al., 2006; Pernot-M...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Bi Zhu, Chuansheng Chen, Elizabeth F. Loftus, Qi Dong, Chongde Lin, Jun Li Source Type: research
Salivary Sex Hormones in Adolescent Females with Trichotillomania
Trichotillomania is a functionally impairing and under-recognized psychiatric condition in which individuals repeatedly pull out their own hair (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The disorder appears to be overwhelmingly female (a recent study of 462 participants found 94% were female) (Grant et al., 2016) and generally has its onset during puberty (10-13 years) (Christenson, 1995; Cohen et al., 1995; Szepietowski et al., 2009; Grant and Chamberlain, 2016). Although described in the medical literature for almost two centuries, trichotillomania remains poorly understood with limited data regarding its pathophysiology...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jon E. Grant, Samuel R. Chamberlain Source Type: research
Subjective Cognitive Function in Hoarding Disorder
Hoarding disorder (HD) is a newly recognized diagnosis in DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), defined as a persistent inability to discard possessions, often accompanied by excessive acquiring, resulting in severe clutter in the home. The current cognitive-behavioral model of HD implicates deficits in decision making (Frost and Hartl, 1996). Behaviorally, patients with HD tend to be significantly tangential in session and can show limited insight into the severity of their symptoms (Drury et al., 2015; Mataix-Cols et al., 2013), suggesting potential cognitive deficits in this patient group. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: David F. Tolin, Lauren S. Hallion, Bethany M. Wootton, Hannah C. Levy, Amber L. Billingsley, Akanksha Das, Benjamin W. Katz, Michael C. Stevens Source Type: research
Psychometric validation of the Turkish nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale –Short Form (IGDS9-SF)
Over the last decade, many efforts have been made to conceptualize and assess pathological involvement with video games (Gentile et al., 2011; Pontes and Griffiths, 2014). Although the positive effects of healthy gaming have been widely demonstrated by previous research (Connolly et al., 2013), gaming can become pathological for some players when the activity becomes dysfunctional, harming an individual's social, occupational, family, school, and psychological functioning due emerging functional impairment caused by the activity (Gentile et al., 2011). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Cuneyt Evren, Ercan Dalbudak, Merve Topcu, Nilay Kutlu, Bilge Evren, Halley M. Pontes Source Type: research
Removal notice to Effect of Intranasal Oxytocin Administration on Psychiatric Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Studies Psychiatr Res. 228 (2015) 708-714
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Source: Psychiatry Research - April 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Stefan G. Hofmann, Angela Fang, Daniel N. Brager Source Type: research
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Source: Psychiatry Research - April 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Number and Violence of Suicide Attempt Methods: A Preliminary Investigation of the Associations with Fearlessness of Suicide and Fearlessness about Death
Suicide claims the lives of over 40,000 Americans annually (Drapeau et al., 2016), yet this represents only a fraction of those experiencing suicidal thoughts each year (Klonsky et al., 2016). Theories following the ideation-to-action framework (Klonsky and May, 2014) propose the discrepancy between rates of ideation and of attempt and death is due to differences in suicide capability. While multiple factors contribute to suicide capability (Klonsky et al., 2016), the first introduced, as well as most researched aspect of suicide capability is acquired capability (Joiner, 2005; Van Orden et al., 2010). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - April 25, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jami M. Gauthier, David W. Hollingsworth, Courtney L. Bagge Source Type: research
Serum lipidomic analysis for the discovery of biomarkers for major depressive disorder in drug-free patients
Recent studies have suggested that changes in blood lipid profile may be related to the pathogenesis of some important neuropsychiatric diseases such as depression, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease (Demirkan et al., 2013; Kakefuda et al., 2010; Liu et al., 2015; McEvoy et al., 2013; Sato et al., 2012). Lipids constitute approximately half of the dry weight of the brain and are implicated in important brain functions including membrane composition, signal transduction, and biological messenger functio ns, in addition to physiological processes such as energy metabolism and neuroendocrine function (Fonteh et al...
Source: Psychiatry Research - April 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Eun Young Kim, Jae Won Lee, Min Young Lee, Se Hyun Kim, Hyuck Jun Mok, Kyooseob Ha, Yong Min Ahn, Kwang Pyo Kim Source Type: research
Cognition, Social Cognition and Functional Disability in Early-Stage Schizophrenia: A Study from Southern India
Over the past 20 years a wealth of evidence has demonstrated cognitive and social cognitive deficits of a 1-2SD in magnitude across a wide variety of cognitive domains in people diagnosed with schizophrenia (e.g., Heinrichs and Zakzanis, 1998; Dickinson et al., 2007; Schaefer et al, 2013; Savla et al., 2013; McCleery et al.,2014). These deficits are evident at illness onset (Mesholam-Gately et al., 2009), persist into senescence (Irani et al., 2010), and are resistant to the effects of conventional pharmacotherapy for symptoms. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - April 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Matthew M. Kurtz, Subhashini Gopal, Sujit John, R. Thara Source Type: research
