Dynamics of chikungunya virus transmission in the first year after its introduction in Brazil: A cohort study in an urban community
by Ros ângela O. Anjos, Moyra M. Portilho, Leile Camila Jacob-Nascimento, Caroline X. Carvalho, Patrícia S. S. Moreira, Gielson A. Sacramento, Nivison R. R. Nery Junior, Daiana de Oliveira, Jaqueline S. Cruz, Cristiane W. Cardoso, Hernan D. Argibay, Kenneth S. Plante, Jessica A. Plante, Scott C. Weaver, Uriel D. Kitron, Mitermayer G. Reis, Albert I. Ko, Federico Costa, Guilherme S. Ribeiro
BackgroundThe first chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreaks during the modern scientific era were identified in the Americas in 2013, reaching high attack rates in Caribbean countries. However, few cohort studies have been performed to cha...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 27, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Ros ângela O. Anjos Source Type: research
Epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal aggregation of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Jinan City, China, 2018 –2022
by Shang Gao, Xingyi Geng, Qingbin Lu, Shanzheng Wu, Zhaoxia Shan, Caiyun Chang
BackgroundSevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) has become a significant public health issue in Jinan City. However, the analysis of epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal clustering of SFTS in Jinan has not been studied yet. MethodsSFTS data from 2018 −2022 in Jinan City were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Global spatial autocorrelation and local spatial autocorrelation analyses were performed using ArcGIS 10.2 software, and spatiotemporal hotspot area detection was ca...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 22, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Shang Gao Source Type: research
Scabies prevalence and its associated factors among prisoners in southern Ethiopia: An institution-based analytical cross-sectional study
by Efa Ambaw Bogino, Beshada Zerfu Woldegeorgis, Lantesil Wondewosen, Blen Kassahun Dessu, Mohammed Suleiman Obsa, Lolamo Kelbiso, Teketel Ermias Galtore, Woldu Kidane, Abraham Getachew Kelbore
BackgroundScabies is an ectoparasitic infestation that can easily spread during close human contact and in overcrowded areas such as prisons and public places where sanitation is a problem. Globally, as many as 300 million people are infested with scabies each year. Within Ethiopia, its burden in institutions like prisons is not well-studied. As a consequence, we sought to estimate the prevalence of scabies and also identify factors...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 22, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Efa Ambaw Bogino Source Type: research
Retraction: Kinetics of Antibody Response in BALB/c and C57BL/6 Mice Bitten by < i > Phlebotomus papatasi < /i >
by The PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases Editors (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 22, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: The PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases Editors Source Type: research
Prevalence and risk factors for human leptospirosis at a hospital serving a pastoralist community, Endulen, Tanzania
ConclusionsWe identified leptospirosis in approximately one in twelve patients attending hospital with fever from this rural community. Interventions that reduce risks associated with milking livestock may reduce human infections. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 20, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Michael J. Maze Source Type: research
Effects of cattle on vector-borne disease risk to humans: A systematic review
This study was performed according to the PRISMA 2020 extension guidelines for systematic review. After screening 470 peer-reviewed articles published between 1999 –2019 using the databases Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed Central, CABI Global Health, and Google Scholar, and utilizing forward and backward search techniques, we identified 127 papers that met inclusion criteria. Results of the systematic review indicate that cattle can be beneficial or h armful to human health with respect to VBDs depending on vector and pathogen ecology and livestock management practices. Cattle can increase risk of exposure to infe...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 19, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Sulagna Chakraborty Source Type: research
Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics between severe and non-severe dengue in paediatrics
ConclusionIn paediatric patients, severe dengue is associated with specific clinical indicators, including lethargy, low systolic blood pressure, prolonged capillary refill time (CRT), and the presence of ascites and hepatomegaly. Identifying these clinical features early is crucial for primary care physicians, as it enables accurate diagnosis and timely intervention to manage severe dengue effectively. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 19, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Nurul Liyana Idrus Source Type: research
Genomic survey maps differences in the molecular complement of vesicle formation machinery between < i > Giardia intestinalis < /i > assemblages
In this study, we explored the necessary machinery for the formation of vesicles and cargo transport in 89 Canadian isolates of assemblage A and BG.intestinalis. Considerable variability within the molecular complement of the endolysosomal ESCRT protein machinery, adaptor coat protein complexes, and ARF regulatory system have previously been reported. Here, we confirm inter-assemblage, but find no intra-assemblage variation within the trafficking systems examined. This variation includes losses of subunits belonging to the ESCRTIII as well as novel lineage specific duplications in components of the COPII machinery, ARF1, a...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 18, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Shweta V. Pipaliya Source Type: research
Assessment of biomarkers and clinical parameters as predictors of survival in patients with chagasic heart failure
ConclusionDespite the presence of a chronic inflammatory process, the evaluated inflammatory biomarkers in this cohort were not predictive of survival in patients with chagasic HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, reduced LVEF, elevated BNP, adiponectin levels, and troponin T were identified as predictors of lower survival in these patients. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 18, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Edimar Alcides Bocchi Source Type: research
Risk factors and clinical features for pulmonary paragonimiasis-associated pneumothorax
ConclusionsOur findings suggest that clinicians should keep in mind the possibility of pneumothorax when approached by patients with pulmonary paragonimiasis complaining of chest pain, accompanied by intrapulmonary lesions or with asthma as an underlying disease. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 15, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Yunhong Song Source Type: research
High prevalence and diversity of < i > Toxoplasma gondii < /i > DNA in feral cat feces from coastal California
by Sophie Zhu, Lauren Camp, Anika Patel, Elizabeth VanWormer, Karen ShapiroToxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite that can cause severe morbidity and mortality in warm-blooded animals, including marine mammals such as sea otters. Free-ranging cats can shed environmentally resistantT.gondii oocysts in their feces, which are transported through rain-driven runoff from land to sea. Despite their large population sizes and ability to contribute to environmental oocyst contamination, there are limited studies onT.gondii oocyst shedding by free-ranging cats. We aimed to determine the frequency and genotypes ofT.gondii oocysts ...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 15, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Sophie Zhu Source Type: research
Quantifying the relationship between arboviral infection prevalence and human mobility patterns among participants of the Communities Organized to Prevent Arboviruses cohort (COPA) in southern Puerto Rico
by Maile T. Phillips, Liliana S ánchez-González, Talya Shragai, Dania M. Rodriguez, Chelsea G. Major, Michael A. Johansson, Vanessa Rivera-Amill, Gabriela Paz-Bailey, Laura E. Adams
Human movement is increasingly being recognized as a major driver of arbovirus risk and dissemination. The Communities Organized to Prevent Arboviruses (COPA) study is a cohort in southern Puerto Rico to measure arboviral prevalence, evaluate interventions, and collect mobility data. To quantify the relationship between arboviral prevalence and human mobility patterns, we fit multilevel logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios for ...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 15, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Maile T. Phillips Source Type: research
Potent efficiency of the novel nitazoxanide-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers against experimental cyclosporiasis
In conclusion, NTZ-loaded NLCs exhibited the uppermost efficacy in the treatment of cyclosporiasis. The safe nature and the anti-parasitic effect of the novel formulation encourage its use as a powerful treatment for human cyclosporiasis. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 15, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Nancy Abd-elkader Hagras Source Type: research
High prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among school-aged children in Southwest Ethiopia
Conclusions/SignificanceThe very high prevalence of active trachoma in the study area is significantly associated with; age group 6 –10, female gender, presence of flies in household and on child’s face, presence of ocular and nasal discharge, unclean faces, improved water source, improved sanitation in the household. Thus, environmental sanitation and facial cleans trachoma elimination strategy should be intensified in the study area. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 15, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Dawit Getachew Source Type: research
Construction of a recombinant vaccine expressing Nipah virus glycoprotein using the replicative and highly attenuated vaccinia virus strain LC16m8
In this study, we generated recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the NiV glycoprotein (G) or fusion (F) protein using the LC16m8 strain, and examined their antigenicity and ability to induce immunity. Neutralizing antibodies against NiV were successfully induced in hamsters inoculated with LC16m8 expressing NiV G or F, and the antibody titers were higher than those induced by other vaccinia virus vectors previously reported to prevent lethal NiV infection. These findings indicate that the LC16m8-based vaccine format has superior features as a proliferative vaccine compared with other poxvirus-based vaccines. Moreover, t...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - December 15, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Shumpei Watanabe Source Type: research
