Screening uptake of colonoscopy versus fecal immunochemical testing in first-degree relatives of patients with non-syndromic colorectal cancer: A multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, randomized trial (ParCoFit study)
In this study, we investigated whether the uptake of FIT screening is superior to the uptake of colonoscopy screening in the familial-risk population, with an equivalent effect on CRC detection. Methods and findingsThis open-label, parallel-group, randomized trial was conducted in 12 Spanish centers between February 2016 and December 2021. Eligible individuals included asymptomatic FDR of index cases (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 24, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Natalia Gonz ález-López Source Type: research
Long-term risk of arrhythmias in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A population-based, sibling-controlled cohort study
In this study, we aimed to explore the long-term risk of arrhythmias in patients with IBD. Methods and findingsThrough a nationwide histopathology cohort, we identified patients with biopsy-confirmed IBD in Sweden during 1969 to 2017, including Crohn ’s disease (CD:n = 24,954; median age at diagnosis: 38.4 years; female: 52.2%), ulcerative colitis (UC:n = 46,856; 42.1 years; 46.3%), and IBD-unclassified (IBD-U:n = 12,067; 43.8 years; 49.6%), as well as their matched reference individuals and IBD-free full siblings. Outcomes included overall and specific arrhythmias (e.g., atrial fibrillation/flutter, bradyarrhythmias, ot...
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 19, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jiangwei Sun Source Type: research
Gender and water, sanitation, and hygiene: Three opportunities to build from recent reporting on global progress, 2000 –2022
by Juliet Willetts, Jess MacArthur, Naomi Carrard
In this Perspective, Juliet Willetts and colleagues discuss opportunities to stimulate progress in gender-related aspects of water, sanitation and hygiene. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 18, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Juliet Willetts Source Type: research
Risk factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing < i > E < /i > . < i > coli < /i > carriage among children in a food animal-producing region of Ecuador: A repeated measures observational study
ConclusionsIn this study, we observed an increase in enteric colonization of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among children with exposures to domestic animals and their waste in the household environment and children living in areas with a higher density of commercial food animal production operations. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 13, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Heather K. Amato Source Type: research
Towards mental health as a human right: The key role of lived experience
by Louise Gaynor-Brook, on behalf of the PLOS Medicine Editors (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 10, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Louise Gaynor-Brook Source Type: research
Measuring people ’s views on health system performance: Design and development of the people’s voice survey
by Todd P. Lewis, Neena R. Kapoor, Amit Aryal, Rodrigo Bazua-Lobato, Susanne Carai, Emma Clarke-Deelder, Kevin Croke, Rashmi Dayalu, Laura Espinoza-Pajuelo, G ünther Fink, Patricia J. Garcia, Ezequiel Garcia-Elorrio, Theodros Getachew, Prashant Jarhyan, Munir Kassa, Soon Ae Kim, Agustina Mazzoni, Jesus Medina-Ranilla, Sailesh Mohan, Gebeyaw Molla, Mosa Moshabela, Inbarani Naidoo, Jacinta Nzinga, Juhwan Oh, Emelda A. Okiro, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Javier Ro berti, Gillian SteelFisher, Tefera Taddele, Ashenif Tadele, Xiaohui Wang, Roman Xu, Hannah H. Leslie, Margaret E. Kruk
Todd Lewis and co-authors discuss development and ...
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 6, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Todd P. Lewis Source Type: research
Assessing eligibility for lung cancer screening using parsimonious ensemble machine learning models: A development and validation study
ConclusionsWe present parsimonious ensemble machine learning models to predict the risk of lung cancer in ever-smokers, demonstrating a novel approach that could simplify the implementation of risk-based lung cancer screening in multiple settings. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 3, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Thomas Callender Source Type: research
Prioritizing persons deprived of liberty in global guidelines for tuberculosis preventive treatment
by Aditya Narayan, Argita D. Salindri, Salmaan Keshavjee, Monde Muyoyeta, Kavindhran Velen, Zulma V. Rueda, Julio Croda, Salome Charalambous, Alberto L. Garc ía-Basteiro, Sheela V. Shenoi, Crhistinne C. M. Gonçalves, Liliane Ferreira da Silva, Lia G. Possuelo, Sarita Aguirre, Gladys Estigarribia, Guillermo Sequera, Louis Grandjean, Lily Telisinghe, Michael E. Herce, Fernanda Dockhorn, Frederick L. Altice, Jason R. Andrews
In this Policy Forum piece, Aditya Narayan and colleagues discuss the challenges and opportunities for tuberculosis preventive treatment in carceral settings. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 3, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Aditya Narayan Source Type: research
Access to publicly funded weight management services in England using routine data from primary and secondary care (2007 –2020): An observational cohort study
This study aimed to (1) describe the primary care population in England who (a) are referred for WM interventions and (b) undergo bariatric surgery and (2) determine the patient and GP practice characteristics associated with both. Methods and findingsAn observational cohort study was undertaken using routinely collected primary care data in England from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked with Hospital Episode Statistics. During the study period (January 2007 to June 2020), 1,811,587 adults met the inclusion criteria of a recording of overweight/obesity in primary care, of which 54.62% were female and 20.10% ag...
Source: PLoS Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Karen D. Coulman Source Type: research
Evaluating socioeconomic inequalities in influenza vaccine uptake during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort study in Greater Manchester, England
ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic led to increased inequalities in flu vaccine uptake, likely due to changes in demand for vaccination, new delivery models, and disruptions to healthcare and schooling. It will be important to investigate the causes of these increased inequalities and to examine whether these increased inequalities also occurred in the uptake of other routine vaccinations. These new wider inequalities in flu vaccine uptake may exacerbate inequalities in flu-related morbidity and mortality. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - September 26, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ruth Elizabeth Watkinson Source Type: research
Comprehensive mandatory policies are needed to fully protect all children from unhealthy food marketing
by Francesca R. Dillman Carpentier, Fernanda Mediano Stoltze, Barry M. Popkin
The World Health Organization (WHO) have released a new guideline, “Policies to protect children from the harmful impact of food marketing ” [1] which recommends the development of comprehensive laws to reduce children ’s exposure to unhealthy food marketing. This new guideline extends previous recommendations [2] to limit the adverse effects of unhealthy food marketing on the health of the world’s children. We consider here whether these new recommendations go far enough. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - September 25, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Francesca R. Dillman Carpentier Source Type: research
Recommendations on data sharing in HIV drug resistance research
by Seth C. Inzaule, Mark J. Siedner, Susan J. Little, Santiago Avila-Rios, Alisen Ayitewala, Ronald J. Bosch, Vincent Calvez, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Charlotte Charpentier, Diane Descamps, Susan H. Eshleman, Joseph Fokam, Lisa M. Frenkel, Ravindra K. Gupta, John P.A. Ioannidis, Pontiano Kaleebu, Rami Kantor, Seble G. Kassaye, Sergei L. Kosakovsky Pond, Vinie Kouamou, Roger D. Kouyos, Daniel R. Kuritzkes, Richard Lessells, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Brian Minalga, Nicaise Ndembi, Richard A. Neher, Roger Paredes, Deenan Pillay, Elliot G. Raizes, Soo-Yon Rhee, Douglas D. Richman, Kiat Ruxrungtham, P...
Source: PLoS Medicine - September 22, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Seth C. Inzaule Source Type: research
Impact of taxes and warning labels on red meat purchases among US consumers: A randomized controlled trial
by Lindsey Smith Taillie, Maxime Bercholz, Carmen E. Prestemon, Isabella C. A. Higgins, Anna H. Grummon, Marissa G. Hall, Lindsay M. Jaacks
BackgroundPolicies to reduce red meat intake are important for mitigating climate change and improving public health. We tested the impact of taxes and warning labels on red meat purchases in the United States. The main study question was, will taxes and warning labels reduce red meat purchases? Methods and findingsWe recruited 3,518 US adults to participate in a shopping task in a naturalistic online grocery store from October 18, 2021 to October 28, 2021. Participants were randomized...
Source: PLoS Medicine - September 18, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie Source Type: research
Estimating the proportion of clinically suspected cholera cases that are true < i > Vibrio cholerae < /i > infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionsIn this study, we found that burden estimates based on suspected cases alone may overestimate the incidence of medically attended cholera by 2-fold. However, accounting for cases missed by traditional clinical surveillance is key to unbiased cholera burden estimates. Given the substantial variability in positivity between settings, extrapolations from suspected to confirmed cases, which is necessary to estimate cholera incidence rates without exhaustive testing, should be based on local data. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - September 14, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kirsten E. Wiens Source Type: research
Tuberculosis prevalence after 4 years of population-wide systematic TB symptom screening and universal testing and treatment for HIV in the HPTN 071 (PopART) community-randomised trial in Zambia and South Africa: A cross-sectional survey (TREATS)
ConclusionsThere was no evidence that the PopART intervention reduced TB prevalence. Systematic screening for TB that is based on symptom screening alone may not be sufficient to achieve a large reduction in TB prevalence over a period of several years. Including chest X-ray screening alongside TB symptom screening could substantially increase the sensitivity of systematic screening for TB. Trial registrationThe TREATS study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03739736 on November 14, 2018. The HPTN 071 (PopART) trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under number NCT01900977 on July 17, 2013. (Source: PLoS Medicine)
Source: PLoS Medicine - September 8, 2023 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Eveline Klinkenberg Source Type: research
