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Application of wavelets for specifying tsunami from tide: A comprehensive study on the 1945 Makran tide gauge records
Publication date: Available online 7 January 2020Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary InteriorsAuthor(s): Ahmad Ala Amjadi, Mohammad MokhtariAbstractIn tide gauge records, the separation of tidal from non-tidal contents is in general done by specialists after applying high pass or bandpass filtering techniques. However, there is always a tradeoff between losing some valuable contents of the signal while trying to remove the tide. In this manuscript, we deal with two significant tide gauge records of the 1945 Makran tsunami. The importance of these data is well known for researchers since these are the only valid tide...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - January 7, 2020 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Identification of paleomagnetic remanence carriers in ca. 3.47 Ga dacite from the Duffer Formation, the Pilbara Craton
Publication date: Available online 3 January 2020Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary InteriorsAuthor(s): Yoichi Usui, Masafumi Saitoh, Kenichiro Tani, Manabu Nishizawa, Takazo Shibuya, Chie Kato, Tomoyo Okumura, Teruhiko KashiwabaraAbstractThe ca. 3.47 Ga Duffer Formation has been considered to carry one of the oldest paleomagnetic records. Yet, the lack of rock magnetic data limits the interpretation of the nature of the remanence. We conducted a rock magnetic and paleomagnetic investigation on columnar dacite of the Duffer Formation. The main magnetic minerals are phenocrysts of titanomagnetite and magnetite, and ...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - January 4, 2020 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: January 2020Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Volume 298Author(s): (Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors)
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - December 30, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Possible H2O Storage in the Crystal Structure of CaSiO3 Perovskite
Publication date: Available online 23 December 2019Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary InteriorsAuthor(s): H. Chen, K. Leinenweber, V. Prakapenka, C. Prescher, Y. Meng, H. Bechtel, M. Kunz, S.-H. ShimAbstractThe lower mantle is believed to contain much less hydrogen (or H2O) because of the low storage capacity of the dominant mineral phases, such as bridgmanite and ferropericlase. However, possible hydrogen storage in the third most abundant mineral in the region, CaSiO3 perovskite (Ca-Pv), is not well unknown. We have synthesized Ca-Pv from different starting materials with varying H2O contents at 19–120 GPa and ...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - December 24, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Deformation of two welded half-spaces caused by a centre of rotation source
Publication date: Available online 18 December 2019Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary InteriorsAuthor(s): Nishu Verma, Kuldip SinghAbstractClosed-form analytic expressions for Papkovich-Neuber displacement potentials, displacements, and stresses due to the centre of rotation source in an elastic half-space overlying an elastic half-space are obtained. The elastic results are valid for different values of Poisson's ratio and a change in the rigidity of the two half-spaces. Further, the correspondence principle of linear viscoelasticity is used to obtain the corresponding solutions in an elastic half-space overlying ...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - December 18, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Constraints on S-wave velocity structures of the lithosphere in mainland China from broadband ambient noise tomography
In this study, a 3-D S-wave velocity model of the lithosphere in mainland China down to 150 km depth was determined from ambient noise data. First, we collected 2-year continuous waveforms recorded by 1031 broadband stations of the China Regional Seismic Network and NECESSArray. Then, by applying the procedures of noise cross-correlation and time-frequency domain phase-weighted stacking, we obtained the interstation empirical Green's functions of Rayleigh waves. We measured the group and phase velocity dispersions at periods of 5–125 s from the EGFs and inverted both group and phase velocities for the S-wave velocity...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - December 14, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

JULOC: A local 3-D high-resolution crustal model in South China for forecasting geoneutrino measurements at JUNO
Publication date: Available online 6 December 2019Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary InteriorsAuthor(s): Ruohan Gao, Zhiwei Li, Ran Han, Andong Wang, Yufeng Li, Yufei Xi, Jingao Liu, Xin Mao, Yao Sun, Ya XuAbstractGeothermal energy is one of the keys for understanding the mechanisms driving the plate tectonics and mantle dynamics. The surface heat flux, as measured in boreholes, provides limited insights into the relative contributions of primordial versus radiogenic sources of the interior heat budget. Geoneutrino, electron antineutrino that is produced from the radioactive decay of the heat producing elements, is...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - December 7, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Examination of the repeatability of two Ms6.4 Menyuan earthquakes in Qilian-Haiyuan fault zone (NE Tibetan Plateau) based on source parameters
In this study, we determined the source parameters of these two earthquakes, including the relative location, focal depth, focal mechanism, source duration and rupture directivity. The results show that two earthquakes are thrust events in shallow crust and are located within 15 km, and the 2016 earthquake ruptured down-dip for ~6 km along the southwest dipping plane. Combing the source parameters, geological data and deep seismic-reflection profiles, we infer that these two earthquakes occurred on the same secondary fault of Lenglong Ling fault (the middle segment of Qilian-Haiyuan fault), but they ruptured on differe...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - December 3, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Comparisons between measurements and predictions of Rayleigh wave amplification across the contiguous United States
We present local surface-wave-amplification maps spanning the contiguous United States for Rayleigh waves between 35 s and 125 s using data recorded on the USArray between 2006 and 2015. We isolate the effect of local structure from those of the earthquake and propagation using a previously developed method based on ratios of amplitudes measured at adjacent stations. To assess the ability of our technique to resolve surface-wave amplification, we perform a parallel synthetic-tomography experiment. We determine amplification from a large dataset of SPECFEM synthetic seismograms calculated for USArray stations and compare th...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - December 3, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Regional variation of coda wave attenuation in Northeast India: An understanding of the physical state of the medium
In this study an attempt has been made to estimate spatial variation in attenuation characterisitics in Northeast India using coda Q. The entire study region is divided into three sub-regions for this purpose. Estimated average frequency dependency of coda wave attenuation for 30s window length are Qc(f) = 135 ± 7f0.99±0.03, Qc(f) = 109 ± 7f1.10±0.03 and Qc(f) = 90 ± 2f1.04±0.02 for Shillong Plateau, Mikir hills and surrounding River valley, and Indo-Burma Ranges respectively. It is observed that Q0 is greater for the Shillong Plateau than the other sub-regions. This indicates lower attenuatio...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - November 26, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Upper mantle tomography of the Western Junggar: Implications for its geodynamic evolution
Publication date: Available online 26 November 2019Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary InteriorsAuthor(s): Yuanyuan Hua, Yixian Xu, Dapeng Zhao, Rong Huang, Xiaohuan JiangAbstractA high-resolution 3-D P-wave velocity model of the upper mantle beneath the Western Junggar is determined by inverting a large number of relative travel-time residuals of teleseismic events. Our results reveal a prominent high-velocity (high-V) anomaly beneath the western Junggar basin and a low-velocity (low-V) anomaly beneath the Darbut belt. The NE-SW striking high-V anomaly at depths of 50–200 km beneath the western Junggar basin di...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - November 26, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

High-pressure, high-temperature phase stability of iron-poor dolomite and the structures of dolomite-IIIc and dolomite-V
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2019Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary InteriorsAuthor(s): Jannes Binck, Stella Chariton, Michal Stekiel, Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal, Wolfgang Morgenroth, Victor Milman, Leonid Dubrovinsky, Björn WinklerAbstractThe stability of Fe-poor dolomite, CaMg0.98Fe0.02(CO3)2, was studied by Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction at high pressures (P < 60 GPa) and high temperatures (T < 2300 K). Density functional theory calculations were employed to complement the experimental study. Between 40 and 60 GPa and 1800–2300 K, we observed the formatio...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - November 22, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Calcium carbonate at high pressures and high temperatures: a first-principles investigation
We present a theoretical investigation, within the density functional theory and the quasi-harmonic approximation framework, on the stability properties of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) at the thermodynamic conditions of the Earth’s lower mantle. We initially explored the structural properties of a low-pressure phase (aragonite) using three different approximations for the exchange-correlation potential, and find that all properties are better described, when compared to recent experimental data, by using the one that takes into account the van der Waals interactions. We used this approximation to compute the free energy of ...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - November 21, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: December 2019Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Volume 297Author(s): (Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors)
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - November 21, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

P-wave upper-mantle tomography of the Tanlu fault zone in eastern China
Publication date: Available online 18 November 2019Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary InteriorsAuthor(s): Jianshe Lei, Dapeng Zhao, Xiwei Xu, Mofei Du, Qi Mi, Mingwen LuAbstractThe Tanlu fault zone is the most significant active fault in eastern China, which generated the great 1668 Tancheng earthquake (M 8.5). It is still unclear whether or not there is a link between the great earthquake generation and the upper-mantle structure. To address this issue, we study P-wave upper-mantle tomography beneath eastern China using 44,047 teleseismic P-wave arrival times. Our results show that at depths <150 km, high-ve...
Source: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors - November 19, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research