Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

A time- and space-saving Monte Carlo simulation method using post-collimation generative adversarial network for dose calculation of an O-ring gantry Linac
An accurate beam model is critical for Monte Carlo (MC) simulation in radiation therapy studies. Among the various beam modeling techniques, the phase space source stands out as one of the most reliable options [1]. This method records particle properties, including energy, type, position, and direction, at a desired surface or volume in space. Achieving an acceptable simulation uncertainty necessitates a substantial number of primary particles from the phase space source, leading to storage requirements ranging from gigabytes (GB) to terabytes (TB), depending on the simulation task [2]. (Source: Physica Medica: European J...
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 20, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Mengying Shi, Sunan Cui, Cynthia Chuang, Oluwaseyi Oderinde, Nataliya Kovalchuk, Murat Surucu, Lei Xing, Bin Han Tags: Original paper Source Type: research

Multicentric characterisation of lateral beam profiles generated by 6FFF beam of three 0.35  T MR-linac systems
Magnetic Resonance-guided Radiotherapy (MRgRT) is one of the most promising frontiers in the fight against different types of cancers [1,2]. The advent of such hybrid technology, which can combine flattening filter free (FFF) linear accelerators with on-board MR scanners, has opened up new clinical opportunities and physical challenges [3,4]. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 20, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Menna Sebastiano, El Gawhary Randa, Placidi Lorenzo, Quaranta Flaviovincenzo, Borrazzo Cristian, Masi Marica, Nardini Matteo, Rago Maria, Indovina Luca, Cusumano Davide, Fogliata Antonella Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research

Attention-based deep neural network for partial volume correction in brain 18F-FDG PET imaging
The partial volume effect (PVE) can limit the accuracy of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images, particularly for features that are similar in size to the spatial resolution of the system (or point spread function - PSF), leading to noticeable spill-in and spill-out across adjacent regions and resulting in obvious biases [1 –3]. Prior to the measurement of lesion/organ metabolism and physiology, partial volume correction (PVC) may be necessary to take into account signal alteration due to the limited spatial resolution of the PET system. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 19, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: MohammadSaber Azimi, Alireza Kamali-Asl, Mohammad-Reza Ay, Navid Zeraatkar, Mahboube-Sadat Hosseini, Amirhossein Sanaat, Hossein Arabi Source Type: research

A PBPK model for PRRT with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE: Comparison of model implementations in SAAM II and MATLAB/SimBiology
Radionuclide therapy is an important treatment option for several cancers, but clinical trials and treatments are often based on fixed activities that do not take patient-specific factors into account [1 –3]. For example, for [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE, a fixed activity of 7.4 GBq/cycle for four cycles is used [4,5]. Sometimes, personalised treatment plans based on factors such as body weight or surface area or clinical factors like tumour stage are used [4]. However, absorbed doses (ADs) can vary signi ficantly between patients [6–11]. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 16, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Valentina Vasi ć, Johan Gustafsson, Elham Yousefzadeh Nowshahr, Anna Stenvall, Ambros J. Beer, Katarina Sjögreen Gleisner, Gerhard Glatting Tags: Original paper Source Type: research

Segmenting brain glioblastoma using dense-attentive 3D DAF2
Gliomas (glioblastoma) are categorized into different grades, reflecting their potential aggressiveness. A higher grade implies a greater likelihood of rapid growth and increased aggressiveness [1]. Gliomas can be life-threatening and cause brain dysfunction, depending on where they are located and how quickly they grow. Prompt identification is essential for effective therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a commonly used, non-intrusive diagnostic technique that provides highly detailed brain visuals, highlighting soft tissue disparities, aiding in the timely identification of gliomas [2]. (Source: Physica Medica: E...
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 9, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sunayana G. Domadia, Falgunkumar N. Thakkar, Mayank A. Ardeshana Source Type: research

Implementation and evaluation of a dynamic contrast-enhanced MR perfusion protocol for glioblastoma using a 0.35  T MRI-Linac system
The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) is often applied to measure glioblastoma response on MRI. These criteria primarily compare volumetric changes on post-contrast three-dimensional T1 weighted (3D-T1w) and T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2-FLAIR) images[1]. MRIs are usually obtained one month before radiotherapy (RT) start and one month after treatment completion. This relatively long interval, approximately 3  months, does not permit early adaptation of RT for poorly responding tumors and reflects the uncertainty often seen in early post-RT MRI[2,3]. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journa...
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 9, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Danilo Maziero, Gregory Albert Azzam, Macarena de La Fuente, Radka Stoyanova, John Chetley Ford, Eric Albert Mellon Source Type: research

Erratum to “MO-11.2 – Explainable artificial intelligence applied to machine learning for radiomics” [Physica Medica 115S1 (2023) 102870]
The congress organizers regret for the error in the author names. First name and surname are inverted. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: C. Matteo, G. Miori, R. Maio, M. Galelli Tags: Erratum Source Type: research

Ventilation perfusion functional difference images in lung SPECT: A linear and symmetrical scale as an alternative to the ventilation perfusion ratio
The current EANM guidelines emphasize the added diagnostic value of the ventilation-perfusion ratio (V/Q ratio, also coined the V/P quotient) on VQ scintigraphy, which is obtained by measuring the quantities V and Q in every voxel [1]. Ventilation (V) refers to the flow of air into and out of the airways and alveoli, while perfusion (Q) refers to the blood flow through the pulmonary circulation. On this basis, matched ventilation-perfusion defects (V/Q ratio ≈1) may easily be distinguished from ‘classical’ mismatched perfusion defects [2], that is, areas with reduced perfusion and maintained ventilation (high V/Q rat...
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Robin de Nijs, Ronan M.G. Berg, Sofie Lindskov Hansen, Jann Mortensen Source Type: research

Beam quality correction factors for ionization chambers in a 0.35 T magnetic resonance (MR)-linac – A Monte Carlo study
Magnetic resonance-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) combines the excellent soft-tissue contrast provided by MRI with treatment capabilities using a radiation beam [1]. With the increased prevalence of MR-linear accelerators (MR-linacs) in clinical radiotherapy, accurate and precise reference dosimetry methods are needed to achieve uncertainties comparable to conventional linacs [2]. Air-filled ionization chambers (ICs) are typically utilized as reference dosimeters when measuring output in the form of absorbed dose to water in a radiation beam. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ahtesham Ullah Khan, Larry A. DeWerd, Poonam Yadav Source Type: research

Typical values of z-resolution for different Digital Breast Tomosynthesis systems evaluated in a multicenter study
Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is an advanced mammography technique based on the reconstruction of a pseudo-volumetric breast image. This is achieved with special reconstruction algorithms that combine planar images acquired at different projection angles of the X-ray tube. This type of examination is able to reduce the problem of tissues overlap, a typical drawback of traditional 2D mammography, which negatively affects the sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing normal fibroglandular tissues from abnormal lesions [1 –3]. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 6, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: S. Dalmonte, P. Golinelli, N. Oberhofer, S. Strocchi, V. Rossetti, L. Berta, M. Porzio, L. Angelini, N. Paruccini, R. Villa, M. Bertolini, S. Delle Canne, M. Cavallari, L. D'Ercole, G. Guerra, R. Rosasco, B. Cannillo, A. D'Alessio, E. Di Nicola, D. Origgi Source Type: research

Feasibility of noise-reduction reconstruction technology based on non-local-mean principle in SiPM-PET/CT
Positron emission tomography (PET) using 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) has been extensively used to diagnose cancer and assess treatment effectiveness [1]. PET diagnosis requires accurate PET image quantification, and standardized uptake value (SUV) is used as a quantification index [2]. However, SUV is generally affected by various factors such as image reconstruction method and point-spread function (PSF) correction [3,4]. SUV has several indices, including SUVmax and SUVmean, of which SUVmax is especially used in clinical practice [5]. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 6, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Yuya Shirakawa, Norikazu Matsutomo, Jumpei Suyama Source Type: research

Organ dose prediction for patients undergoing radiotherapy CBCT chest examinations using artificial intelligence
Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is widely utilized in radiotherapy for patient alignment and verification. However, its role in the cumulative radiation exposure of patients is often underestimated [1,2]. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 6, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Fereniki Tsironi, Marios Myronakis, John Stratakis, Varvara Sotiropoulou, John Damilakis Source Type: research

Improved outcome models with denoising diffusion
Over the last few years, machine learning models have dominated in the area of treatment outcome modeling thanks to their superior performance, interpretation, and possibility to combine a variety of input data (e.g., imaging data, treatment planning data, multi-omics data, patient demographics) [1 –7]. Unfortunately, many modeled endpoints (e.g., local control, regional/distant recurrence or radiation toxicities) are often distributed sparsely, with resultant class imbalance in the dataset [8–12]. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 6, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: D. Dudas, T.J. Dilling, I. El Naqa Source Type: research

Auto-segmentation of pelvic organs at risk on 0.35T MRI using 2D and 3D Generative Adversarial Network models
Magnetic Resonance Imaging guided Radiotherapy (MRIgRT) systems represent one of the main advances towards achieving personalised medicine of the last decade [1]. MRIgRT technology offers the possibility to adapt the radiotherapy treatment plan online based on daily changes in patient ’s anatomy, thereby allowing for effective management of inter- and intra-fraction variations that may occur over the course of the therapy. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 3, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Marica Vagni, Huong Elena Tran, Angela Romano, Giuditta Chiloiro, Luca Boldrini, Konstantinos Zormpas-Petridis, Maria Kawula, Guillaume Landry, Christopher Kurz, Stefanie Corradini, Claus Belka, Luca Indovina, Maria Antonietta Gambacorta, Lorenzo Placidi, Tags: Original paper Source Type: research

Intraoperative electron beam intercomparison of 6 sites using mailed thermoluminescence dosimetry: Absolute dose and energy
Intraoperative radiotherapy can be used to irradiate a tumour bed directly after the surgical removal of cancerous tissue in the operating room. This treatment modality reduces treatment time and can decrease doses to surrounding critical structures in comparison to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). There are three major IORT techniques: irradiation with electrons (IOERT), irradiation with photons (kV-IORT) and brachytherapy. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - February 3, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Wim Dries, Anna Petoukhova, Nicolas Hertsens, Piet Stevens, Valerie Jarbinet, Cathryn Huibregtse Bimmel-Nagel, Jan Weterings, Ko van Wingerden, Charlotte Bauwens, Verdi Vanreusel, St éphane Simon Source Type: research