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Hypericin cross barriers of the chicken ’s chorioallantoic membrane model when delivered in low-density lipoproteins
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment for small localized tumors. This treatment can also be used in post-surgical adjuvant protocols as well as palliative treatments for inoperable advanced tumors. PDT is based on the concept that tumor destruction occurs when a photodynamically active molecule, i.e., a photosensitizer (PS), accumulates within the tumor and is excited with a proper wavelength of the light at a specific time interval after its administration [1 –4]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 17, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ludmila Blascakova, Denis Horvath, Dominik Belej, Georges Wagnieres, Pavol Miskovsky, Daniel Jancura, Veronika Huntosova Source Type: research

Therapeutic effect of Imiquimod enhanced ALA-PDT on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is an increasingly common diagnosis worldwide. It has an estimated annual incidence of 700,000 in United States [1]. Treatment of majority of cSCC lesions is effectively accomplished by surgical excision [2]. But excision of large lesions, multiple lesions, or lesions in surgically difficult areas, such as the face, distal extremities and genitals, often causes functional loss or cosmetic disfigurement. Moreover, some patients are not eligible for surgery because of their poor general health and concomitant use of anticoagulant or immunosuppressive drugs [3]. (Source: Photodiagnosis...
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 17, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Anil Kumar Bhatta, Peiru Wang, Uma Keyal, Zijun Zhao, Jie Ji, Lude Zhu, Xiuli Wang, Guolong Zhang Source Type: research

In vivo singlet molecular oxygen measurements: sensitive to changes in oxygen saturation during PDT
The Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive method for treatment of skin cancer, endoscopically accessible tumors, skin diseases and other diseases [1]. It is based on three components: a photosensitizer (PS), light for PS excitation and molecular oxygen. After the accumulation in the target tissue the PS is excited by visible light and undergoes an intersystem crossing from its first excited singlet state to a long-lived triplet state. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 16, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Andreas Looft, Michael Pfitzner, Annegret Preu ß, Beate Róder Source Type: research

The influence of 5-aminolevulinic photodynamic therapy on colon cancer cells interleukins secretion in hypoxia-like condition in vitro
The biggest problem in cancer treatment is the recurrence of cancer associated with the presence of residual cancer cells, which leads to the progression of tumor growth and metastasis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficaciously destroys cancer tissue, although can also induce a complex immune response, that potentiates antitumor immunity, what could be a chance to exterminate the residuals cancer cells [1]. Three cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10, play an crucial role in cancer progression and human anticancer defense, and the question is, how is its secretion by residual colon cancer cells during photodynamic thera...
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 15, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka, Wojciech Latos, Piotr Ole ś, Zenon P. Czuba, Magdalena Latos, Magdalena Krupka, Huang Pengyun, Chuanshan Xu, Grzegorz Cieślar, Aleksander Sieroń Source Type: research

Porphyrins and Related Macrocycles: Combining photosensitization with radio- or optical-imaging for next generation theranostic agents
Herein this review intends to address several important questions, such as the nature of electromagnetic radiation and its use in photodynamic therapy, as well as the physical processes of photodynamic behaviour. A photosensitizer, for the purposes of this review, is a photoactive molecule that can serve as a therapeutic agent upon light activation, but can also be used as an imaging agent for diagnostics, thus combination of both these properties yields a theranostic agent [1]. The imaging component of these molecules can be obtained through optical properties or via radiolabelling of the photosensitizer [2]. (Source: Pho...
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 15, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Jordon Sandland, Nela Malatesti, Ross Boyle Tags: Review Source Type: research

A novel nano-superparamagnetic agent for photodynamic and photothermal therapies: an in-vitro study
With growing popularity of non-invasive cancer treatments, optical treatments such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have attracted increasing attention of researchers [1,2]. With the advent of nano-science and production of new nano-drugs, the efficacy of these treatments is expected to be increased. The optical, thermal, electrical, or magnetic properties of nanoparticles could be used for imaging or therapeutic purposes. PTT is a type of hyperthermia in which the energy of near-infrared (NIR) photons is converted into heat to expurgate cancer cells [3]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 15, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Farzaneh Ghorbani, Armin Imanparast, Fatemeh Hataminia, Ameneh Sazgarnia Source Type: research

Effects of ALA-PDT on biofilm structure, virulence factor secretion, and QS in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen in clinical practice. Currently, there is an increasing incidence of P. aeruginosa infections resulting from skin wounds, airway intubations, and medical devices placed inside the body, such as artificial valves. Such infections are difficult to treat because P. aeruginosa is both highly resistant and naturally unsusceptible to many antibiotics, and the widespread use of antibiotics has created new resistant and even multidrug-resistant strains [1]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 10, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Yang Tan, Qionghui Cheng, Hang Yang, Hongdong Li, Nanpeng Gong, Ding Liu, Jinjin Wu, Xia Lei Source Type: research

The effects of photodynamic and low-level laser therapy for treatment of oral lichen planus —A systematic review and meta-analysis
Lichen planus is a chronic immune-mediated disorder that inflicts skin and mucosa and its prevalence is being estimated to be between 0.5-2% of the population and is usually detected in middle-aged women [1]. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a subtype that occurs in oral mucosa and is usually harder to treat than cutaneous lichen planus [2]. Cutaneous lichen planus can be self-limited but oral lichen planus is usually persistent and the condition usually needs long-term treatment and follow-up [3]. OLP is considered to be a premalignant lesion and has been linked to oral squamous cell carcinoma [4]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and ...
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 10, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Hasan Hoseinpour Jajarm, Reza Asadi, Erfan Bardideh, Hooman Shafaee, Yeganeh Khazaei, Maryam Emadzadeh Source Type: research

Biofilms of Candida albicans and Streptococcus sanguinis and their Susceptibility to Antimicrobial Effects of Photodynamic inactivation
The dominant mode of microbial life is given by the formation of biofilm in which microorganisms will be found in an organized community, adhered to a biotic or abiotic surface and embedded in extracellular polymeric matrix [1]. Biofilm formation is an important public health problem because they represent the majority of infections in humans [2,3]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 7, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ana Luiza do Ros ário Palma, Lucas de Paula Ramos, Nádia Domingues, Graziella Nuernberg Back-Brito, Luciane Dias de Oliveira, Cristiane Aparecida Pereira, Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge Source Type: research

5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy can target human glioma stem-like cells refractory to antineoplastic agents
Despite numerous efforts to develop novel therapies for the past decades, Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by extremely poor clinical outcome with the median survival shorter than two years [1 –3]. The major reasons underlying the difficulties in GBM treatment include the inability of complete surgical resection of tumor [4] as well as high resistance of GBM cells to post-surgical chemo and radiotherapies. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 7, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Takahiro Fujishiro, Naosuke Nonoguchi, Marat Pavliukov, Naoki Ohmura, Yangtae Park, Yoshinaga Kajimoto, Toshihisa Ishikawa, Ichiro Nakano, Toshihiko Kuroiwa Source Type: research

5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for anal canal condyloma acuminatum: A series of 19 cases and literature review
Condylomata acuminata are the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide, and they are closely associated with human papillomavirus infections [1]. Today, more than 200 human papillomaviruses have been identified and sequenced [2]. Although condylomata acuminata occur mainly in the external genital and perianal areas, persistent human papillomavirus infections in these areas can lead to further infections in the vagina, uterine cervix, and anal canal [3]. In recent years, the incidence of anal canal condylomata acuminata have been increasing remarkably [4]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 6, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Chunping Ao, Jiajia Xie, Wang Li, Songshan Li, Junpeng Li, Lifen Jiang, Hui Liu, Kang Zeng Tags: Case report Source Type: research

New optical sources for interstitial and metronomic photodynamic therapy
Multiple clinical studies have shown that interstitial photodynamic therapy (iPDT) is a promising modality in the treatment of cancerous tumors in prostate, pancreas, head and neck cancer and brain. The laser fibers are into the target tissue inserted via needles, or placed in catheters [1]. However, the transport distance of light in biological tissues is limited by scattering and absorption. Practical therapeutic penetration depth is 0.1-1  mm for visible light in 400-600 nm and 2-3 mm for near infrared light in 700-1300 nm for most biological tissues. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 4, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Serge Mordon Source Type: research

Evaluation of Targeted Curcumin (CUR) loaded PLGA Nanoparticles for in vitro Photodynamic Therapy on Human Glioblastoma Cell Line
Currently, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are the most common interventions to treat cancer. Unfortunately, all of them have undesirable side effects. Radiation and chemotherapy are known to damage healthy cells and cause toxic side effects [1]. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light assisted therapeutic technique used for a wide range of medical and clinical conditions. PDT consists of light, photosensitizer (PS), and local oxygen. Upon irradiation of PS at specific wavelength(s), aggressive oxygen species can generate during photodynamic reactions. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 2, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Zahra Jamali, Mehdi Khoobi, Sedigheh Marjaneh Hejazi, Neda Eivazi, Saeideh Abdolahpour, Fatemeh Imanparast, Hemen Moradi-Sardareh, Maliheh Paknejad Source Type: research

Violet LED associated to low concentration carbamide peroxide on the dental bleaching: A case report
One of the main treatments used to obtain a satisfactory and low-cost dental aesthetic is the tooth bleaching performed in-office under high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (35% to 38%) or at-home/dentist-prescribed under lower concentrations (5% to 22%) or one of the precursor, carbamide peroxide [1]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 2, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Alessandra Nara de Souza Rastelli, H ércules Bezerra Dias, Emanuelle Teixeira Carrera, Ana Cláudia Pedroso de Barros, Diego Dantas Lopes dos Santos, Vitor Hugo Panhóca, Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

ALA-PDT suppressing the cell growth by Akt-/Erk-mTOR-p70 s6k pathway in human SZ95 sebocytes in vitro
Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with aminolevulinic acid (ALA) can significantly decrease the number of sebaceous glands via protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) which produces reactive oxygen species by reacting with oxygen, causing cell membrane damage and sebaceous cell apoptosis[1]. As a result, ALA-PDT has been used as an alternative treatment for acne vulgaris for nearly 20 years. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 2, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Wenjie Liu, Qianqian Wang, Jiang Tuo, Yufeng Chang, Jiayi Ying, Min Jiang, Christos C. Zouboulis, Leihong Xiang Source Type: research