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Is pitolisant safe for clinical use? A retrospective pharmacovigilance study focus on the post ‐marketing safety
This study aimed to offer a comprehensive assessment of the safety profile of pitolisant in real-world clinical settings. Adverse event reports where pitolisant was the primary suspect drug were extracted from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database. The clinical characteristics and concomitant drugs of the pitolisant-associated adverse events were analyzed. The potential adverse event signals of pitolisant were explored using four disproportionality analysis methods. Furthermore, the difference in pitolisant-associated adverse event signals was investigated concerning sex, age, weight, and dose. A total of 526 rep...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - January 4, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cheng Jiang, Jiancheng Qian, Xin Jiang, Shuohan Zhang, Junxian Zheng, Hongwei Wang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

The blockade of the TGF ‐β pathway alleviates abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism of lipodystrophy not obesity
TGF- β is clinically overexpressed in both obesity and lipodystrophy WAT. Our study is the first time to demonstrate that inhibiting TGF-β function improves iWAT function and normalizes systemic glucolipid metabolism. but did not significantly affect that of normal (3T3-L1 cells) or over-developed adip ocytes (ob/ob mice). This discovery provides a better understanding of TGF-β in adipose tissue in different pathological states and offers new strategies and ideas for the treatment of glucolipid metabolic disorders complicating adipose atrophy. AbstractTGF- β is thought to be involved in the physiological functions of e...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - January 4, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wen ‐Dong Xu, Shui‐Zheng Lai, Jia Zhao, Shi‐Jie Wei, Xue‐Ying Fang, Yi‐Yi Liu, Xiang‐Lu Rong, Jiao Guo Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Clinical considerations on monkeypox antiviral medications: An overview
Molecular mechanism of action of tecovirimat, cidofovir, and brincidofovir in mpox. AbstractMonkeypox (mpox), a virus belonging to the orthopoxvirus family, can cause a zoonotic infectious disease with morbidity and cosmetic complications. Therefore, effective antiviral drugs with appropriate safety profiles are important for the treatment of patients with mpox. To date, there is no FDA-approved drug for the treatment of mpox. However, tecovirimat, brincidofovir, and cidofovir are the candidate therapies for the management of mpox. Given the safety concerns following the use of these medications, we aimed to review evidenc...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - December 28, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Fariba Pourkarim, Taher Entezari ‐Maleki Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives)
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - December 27, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research

A descriptive pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis of ceftazidime ‐avibactam in a case series of critically ill patients with augmented renal clearance
AbstractTo describe the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of a 2 h infusion of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) in critically ill patients with augmented renal clearance (ARC). A retrospective review of all critically ill patients with ARC who were treated with CAZ-AVI between August 2020 and May 2023 was conducted. Patients whose 12-h creatinine clearance prio r to CAZ-AVI treatment and steady-state concentration (Css) of CAZ-AVI were both monitored were enrolled. The free fraction (fCss) of CAZ-AVI was calculated from Css. The joint PK/PD targets of CAZ-AVI were considered optimal when a Css/minimum inhibitory ...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - December 27, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ying Xu, Jian Tang, Binbin Yuan, Xuemei Luo, Pei Liang, Ning Liu, Danjiang Dong, Lu Jin, Weihong Ge, Qin Gu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Human organ chips for regenerative pharmacology
Human organs chips for regenerative pharmacology. AbstractHuman organs-on-chips (organ chips) are small microfluidic devices that allow human cells to perform complex organ-level functions in vitro by recreating multi-cellular and multi-tissue structures and applying in vivo-like biomechanical cues. Human Organ Chips are being used for drug discovery and toxicology testing as an alternative to animal models which are ethically challenging and often do not predict clinical efficacy or toxicity. In this mini-review, we summarize our presentation that reviewed the state of the art relating to these microfluidic culture dev...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - December 27, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Girija Goyal, Chaitra Belgur, Donald E. Ingber Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

Clinical considerations on monkeypox antiviral medications: An overview
Molecular mechanism of action of tecovirimat, cidofovir, and brincidofovir in mpox. AbstractMonkeypox (mpox), a virus belonging to the orthopoxvirus family, can cause a zoonotic infectious disease with morbidity and cosmetic complications. Therefore, effective antiviral drugs with appropriate safety profiles are important for the treatment of patients with mpox. To date, there is no FDA-approved drug for the treatment of mpox. However, tecovirimat, brincidofovir, and cidofovir are the candidate therapies for the management of mpox. Given the safety concerns following the use of these medications, we aimed to review evidenc...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - December 27, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Fariba Pourkarim, Taher Entezari ‐Maleki Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

Investigation of the cytotoxicity induced by cannabinoids on human ovarian carcinoma cells
AbstractCannabinoids have been shown to induce anti-tumor activity in a variety of carcinoma cells such as breast, prostate, and brain. The aim of the present study is to investigate the anti-tumor activity of cannabinoids, CBD (cannbidiol), and CBG (cannabigerol) in ovarian carcinoma cells sensitive and resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs. Sensitive A2780 cells and resistant A2780/CP70 carcinoma cells and non-carcinoma cells were exposed to varying concentrations of CBD, CBG, carboplatin or CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists, AM251 and AM630, respectively, alone or in combination, at different exposure times and cytotoxicit...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - December 16, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kartheek Sooda, Simon J. Allison, Farideh A. Javid Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Co ‐created in vivo pharmacology practical classes using the novel organism Lumbriculus variegatus
Diagrammatic representation of the workflow of the student-led drug trials usingLumbriculus variegatus. (A) Drug compounds are selected by final year undergraduate students and masters-level students. (B) Twenty-four hours before the practical class,L. variegatus are isolated and placed on a 6-well plate by these students. (C) Drug solutions are prepared on the day of the practical class and provided to the students under blinded conditions to test the effects onL. variegatus stereotypical movement with data then being recorded electronically. (D) Practical class attendees then adjust the experimental protocol based on the...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - December 9, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Julanta J. Carriere, Nia A. Davies, Margaret R. Cunningham, Melisa J. Wallace, Aidan Seeley Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Evaluating signaling bias for synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists at the cannabinoid CB2 receptor
AbstractThe rapid structural evolution and emergence of novel synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) in the recreational market remains a key public health concern. Despite representing one of the largest classes of new psychoactive substances, pharmacological data on new SCRAs is limited, particularly at the cannabinoid CB2 receptor (CB2). Hence, the current study aimed to characterize the molecular pharmacology of a structurally diverse panel of SCRAs at CB2, including 4-cyano MPP-BUT7AICA, 4F-MDMB-BUTINACA, AMB-FUBINACA, JWH-018, MDMB-4en-PINACA, and XLR-11. The activity of SCRAs was assessed in a battery of in...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - November 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Monica Patel, Natasha L. Grimsey, Samuel D. Banister, David B. Finlay, Michelle Glass Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Development and evaluation of an escape room based on general pharmacokinetics: Students' perceptions of its motivational climate
AbstractWe designed an escape room based on the basic principles of pharmacokinetics for undergraduate bachelor students and explored its effect on students' perceived motivational climate and usefulness as a formative assessment via a mixed-method design. The effect on students' perceptions of the motivational climate was measured using pre- and post-test measurements of the MUSIC ® inventory. Students' experiences with the escape room and suggestions for improvement were collected by open-ended survey questions. Forty-one students initially joined the study while 28 students completed both the pre- and post-test MUSIC®...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - November 29, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Anneke van Houwelingen, Freija ter Heegde, Wendy Boschloo, Leonie Piek, Theo Wubbels Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research