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Effects of aconitine on the respiratory activity of brainstem-spinal cord preparations isolated from newborn rats
Pflugers Arch. 2023 Sep 14. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02857-1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAconitine is a sodium channel opener, but its effects on the respiratory center are not well understood. We investigated the dose-dependent effects of aconitine on central respiratory activity in brainstem-spinal cord preparations isolated from newborn rats. Bath application of 0.5-5 μM aconitine caused an increase in respiratory rhythm and decrease in the inspiratory burst amplitude of the fourth cervical ventral root (C4). Separate application of aconitine revealed that medullary neurons were responsible for the respiratory rhythm...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - September 14, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Shunya Yoda Hiroshi Onimaru Masahiko Izumizaki Source Type: research

Novel algorithms for improved detection and analysis of fluorescent signal fluctuations
Pflugers Arch. 2023 Sep 13. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02855-3. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFluorescent dyes and genetically encoded fluorescence indicators (GEFI) are common tools for visualizing concentration changes of specific ions and messenger molecules during intra- as well as intercellular communication. Using advanced imaging technologies, fluorescence indicators are a prerequisite for the analysis of physiological molecular signaling. Automated detection and analysis of fluorescence signals require to overcome several challenges, including correct estimation of fluorescence fluctuations at basal concentrations of ...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - September 12, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Gebhard Stopper Laura C Caudal Phillip Rieder Davide Gobbo Laura Stopper Lisa Felix Katharina Everaerts Xianshu Bai Christine R Rose Anja Scheller Frank Kirchhoff Source Type: research

Peripheral temperature dysregulation associated with functionally altered Na < sub > V < /sub > 1.8 channels
Pflugers Arch. 2023 Sep 11. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02856-2. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.8 is prominently expressed in the soma and axons of small-caliber sensory neurons, and pathogenic variants of the corresponding gene SCN10A are associated with peripheral pain and autonomic dysfunction. While most disease-associated SCN10A variants confer gain-of-function properties to NaV1.8, resulting in hyperexcitability of sensory neurons, a few affect afferent excitability through a loss-of-function mechanism. Using whole-exome sequencing, we here identify a rare heterozygous SCN10A missense...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - September 11, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Simon Loose Annette Lischka Samuel Kuehs Carla Nau Stefan H Heinemann Ingo Kurth Enrico Leipold Source Type: research

Afferent neurons of the kidney with impaired firing pattern in inflammation - role of sodium currents?
Pflugers Arch. 2023 Sep 6. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02852-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPeripheral neurons with renal afferents exhibit a predominantly tonic firing pattern of higher frequency that is reduced to low frequencies (phasic firing pattern) in renal inflammation. We wanted to test the hypothesis that the reduction in firing activity during inflammation is due to high-activity tonic neurons switching from higher to low frequencies depending on altered sodium currents. We identified and cultivated afferent sensory neurons with renal projections from the dorsal root ganglia (Th11-L2). Cultivated neurons were incu...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - September 6, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Nena Lale Tilmann Ditting Karl F Hilgers Peter Linz Christian Ott Roland E Schmieder Mario Schiffer Kerstin Amann Roland Veelken Kristina Rodionova Source Type: research

Combining different ion-selective channelrhodopsins to control water flux by light
Pflugers Arch. 2023 Sep 5. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02853-5. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWater transport through water channels, aquaporins (AQPs), is vital for many physiological processes including epithelial fluid secretion, cell migration and adipocyte metabolism. Water flux through AQPs is driven by the osmotic gradient that results from concentration differences of solutes including ions. Here, we developed a novel optogenetic toolkit that combines the light-gated anion channel GtACR1 either with the light-gated K+ channel HcKCR1 or the new Na+ channelrhodopsin HcNCR1 with high Na+ permeability, to manipulate water ...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - September 5, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Fei Lin Ruijing Tang Chong Zhang Nicole Scholz Georg Nagel Shiqiang Gao Source Type: research