Induction of Acute Graft vs. Host Disease in Lymphopenic Mice
The objective of this study was to quantify and compare the onset and severity of aGVHD induced by the adoptive transfer of allogeneic T cells into untreated lymphopenic mice. Four million allogeneic or syngeneic CD4+CD62L+CD25- T cells were transferred (i.p.) into NK cell-depleted RAG1-/- mice or RAG2-/-IL2rγ-/- double knock-out (DKO) mice and assessed daily for signs of aGVHD. We found that adoptive transfer of allogeneic but not syngeneic T cells into NK cell-depleted RAG1-/- or DKO mice induced many of the clinical and histological features of aGVHD including weight loss, inflammatory cytokine production and tissue in...
Source: Pathophysiology - June 14, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Molecular mechanisms and signaling by comenic acid in nociceptive neurons influence the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain
Publication date: Available online 13 June 2019Source: PathophysiologyAuthor(s): Valentina A. Penniyaynen, Vera B. Plakhova, Ilya V. Rogachevsky, Stanislav G. Terekhin, Svetlana A. Podzorova, Boris V. KrylovAbstractComenic acid (CA), a specific agonist of opioid-like receptors, effectively and safely relieves neuropathic pain by decreasing the NaV1.8 channel voltage sensitivity in the primary sensory neuron membrane. CA triggers downstream signaling cascades, in which the Na,K-ATPase/Src complex plays a key role. After leaving the complex, the signal diverges ‘tangentially’ and ‘radially’. It is directed ‘tangent...
Source: Pathophysiology - June 14, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: June 2019Source: Pathophysiology, Volume 26, Issue 2Author(s): (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - June 13, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Drospirenone-containing contraceptive exerts positive effects on cardiac uric acid and PAI-1 but not GSK-3: Improved safety profiles in contraception?
Publication date: Available online 6 June 2019Source: PathophysiologyAuthor(s): Oluwaseun A. Adeyanju, Olaniyi A. Soetan, Lawrence A. OlatunjiAbstractThe use of combined oral contraceptives (COC) have been associated with increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events and elevated cardiac and circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) have been implicated in these events. Contraceptives containing drospirenone, a progestin with anti-androgenic actions may have a positive or neutral effect on cardiac PAI-1 and GSK-3 levels. Studies on the favorable effects of oral contracep...
Source: Pathophysiology - June 6, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Cholesterol Enriched Diet Suppresses ATF6 and PERK and Upregulates the IRE1 Pathways of the Unfolded Protein Response in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Relevance to Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis in the Setting of Hypertension
Publication date: Available online 29 May 2019Source: PathophysiologyAuthor(s): Lesya V. Tumanovska, R. James Swanson, Zoya O. Serebrovska, Georgii V. Portnichenko, Sergii V. Goncharov, Bohdan A. Kysilov, Olexandr O. Moibenko, Victor E. DosenkoAbstractMany studies have been dedicated to hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, as they are the primary conditions that influence the unfolded protein response (UPR). However, the concurrent effects of these two factors are unknown. Our research used spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) fed a cholesterol enriched diet (CED) as model of atherosclerosis formation to discover what e...
Source: Pathophysiology - May 31, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
The pathophysiology of complications after laparoscopic colorectal surgery: role of baroreflex and chemoreflex impairment
ConclusionPatients with high chemoreflex sensitivity have lower BRS, and it decreases further after anaesthesia induction. The recovery process can take up to 24 h, with an increased risk of perioperative complications in patients with high preoperative chemoreflex sensitivity. The use of pneumoperitoneum does not significantly affect BRS. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - May 25, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Scleroderma: An insight into causes, pathogenesis and treatment strategies
Publication date: Available online 18 May 2019Source: PathophysiologyAuthor(s): Deependra Singh, Arun KS Parihar, Satish Patel, Shikha Srivastava, Prakriti Diwan, Manju R SinghAbstractScleroderma is an autoimmune disorder, characterized by morphological changes in skin followed by visceral organs. The pathogenesis of scleroderma involves immune imbalance and generation of auto antibodies. The major causes of scleroderma include multitude of factors such as immune imbalance, oxidative stress, genetics and environment factors. A constant effort has been made to treat scleroderma through different approaches and necessitates ...
Source: Pathophysiology - May 20, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
AT1R antagonism improves metabolic and vascular changes of obesity-induced gestational diabetes mellitus
Publication date: Available online 13 May 2019Source: PathophysiologyAuthor(s): Damián A. Madrigal Aguilar, Cecilia Tufiño, Eduardo Fernandez-Martinez, Ismael Bracho-Valdés, Rosa A. Bobadilla LugoAbstractObesity can overload glucose homeostasis and physiological insulin resistance during gestation which increases the risk of complications like diabetes mellitus or preeclampsia. Angiotensin II /AT1 receptors are involved in the pathogenesis of vascular effects of obesity/insulin resistance but its role during gestation is not as clear. We sought to determine angiotensin II- AT1R participation on a diet-induced gestationa...
Source: Pathophysiology - May 14, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone levels and BRAFV600E Mutation Contribute to Pathophysiology of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Relation to outcomes?
ConclusionThe present study showed the lack of significant relationship between TSH levels and PTC aggressiveness (LNM, TNM stage, BRAFV600E mutation). Higher TSH levels were found in patients with coexisting HT that was associated with female sex and multifocality of PTC. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - May 9, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Pathophysiology of Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia – Clinical and Morphological Spectra
Publication date: Available online 2 May 2019Source: PathophysiologyAuthor(s): Cláudia Santos, Rui Caetano Oliveira, Paula Serra, João Pedro Baptista, Eduardo Sousa, Paula Casanova, Jorge Pimentel, Lina CarvalhoAbstractAcute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonitis (AFOP) is a disease with histopathological pattern characterized by the presence of intra-alveolar fibrin in the form of fibrin “balls” and organizing pneumonia represented by inflammatory myofibroblastic polyps. Symptoms of this rare interstitial pulmonary disease can be either acute or sub-acute and it can rapidly progress to death. Diagnosis should be consi...
Source: Pathophysiology - May 3, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Blackberry juice anthocyanidins limit cisplatin-induced renal pathophysiology in mice
Publication date: Available online 19 April 2019Source: PathophysiologyAuthor(s): Marcelo Gomes de Gomes, Lucian Del Fabbro, André Tiago Rossito Goes, Leandro Cattelan Souza, Franciele Donato, Silvana Peterini Boeira, Marina Prigol, Cristiano Ricardo JesseAbstractSome studies have showed that intake of blackberry juice (BBJ) can prevent urinary tract infections. However, there is a lack of studies that evaluate the mechanisms by which BBJ has protective effect. Thus, the aim of current study was to evaluate the effects of BBJ supplementation on cisplatin-induced renal pathophysiology in mice. Mice were supplemented with B...
Source: Pathophysiology - April 20, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
EGFR and CXCR1 expression in thyroid carcinoma in Qassim Region-Saudi Arabia: Correlation with Clinicopathological Parameters
ConclusionsThe results of the present study demonstrated, a statistically positive correlation of EGFR and CXCR1 expression in PTC compared to normal thyroid tissues and nodular hyperplasia in Qassim Region- Saudi Arabia. Concomitant high expression of both receptors were strongly correlated with LNM, DM, TNM stage and tumor relapse than did each alone. These findings suggest that EGFR and CXCR1 play crucial roles in PTC and serve as predictors of poor prognosis, biomarkers of tumor diagnosis, and potential targets of cancer therapeutics. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - April 20, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Venous Thromboembolism in IBD: Increased Risk for Women in CD?
Publication date: Available online 15 April 2019Source: PathophysiologyAuthor(s): K. Morgan, M. Boktor, C. Ford, L. Pham, J.D. Morris, P.A. Jordan, U. Cvek, M. Trutschl, J.S. AlexanderABSTRACTAlthough coagulation disturbances have been described in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), it remains unclear how common venous thromboembolism (VTE) is in IBD, and what factors influence VTE frequency. We evaluated VTE in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) at LSUHSC-S, a southern US medical center with an approximately equal White: African-American (AA) (1.12:1) patient base. This retrospective study evaluated VTE as a ...
Source: Pathophysiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Curcuma longa extracts suppress pathophysiology of experimental hepatic parenchymal cell necrosis
In conclusion, the protective actions of EECLOR against potassium bromate liver toxicity in rats, appears to be due to its ability to reduce lipid peroxidation. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Metabolic-hypoxic modulation of cytokine induction of intestinal endothelial adhesion molecules: Relevance to ischemic injury mediated necrotizing enterocolitis?
ConclusionEnergy metabolism influences inflammation induced injury through mobilization of intestinal ECAMs, and may represent an important mechanism in NEC pathology. (Source: Pathophysiology)
Source: Pathophysiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
