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Technological Advances in Spine Surgery
Accurate screw placement is critical to avoid vascular or neurologic complications during spine surgery and to maximize fixation for fusion and deformity correction. Computer-assisted navigation, robotic-guided spine surgery, and augmented reality surgical navigation are currently available technologies that have been developed to improve screw placement accuracy. The advent of multiple generations of new technologies within the past 3  decades has presented surgeons with a diverse array of choices when it comes to pedicle screw placement. Considerations for patient safety and optimal outcomes must be paramount when selec...
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - March 8, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Tarek Yamout, Lindsay D. Orosz, Christopher R. Good, Ehsan Jazini, Brandon Allen, Jeffrey L. Gum Source Type: research

Preface
Since orthopedic surgery was first performed, innovation has driven technological advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with musculoskeletal injuries. The evolution of computers with Internet and cloud technology, improvements in imaging, and the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and additive manufacturing have created a “paradigm shift” in orthopedic surgery and overall health care. Diagnostic challenges are being met by high-tech improvements in imaging, such as three-dimensional (3D) computerized tomography and four-dimensional MRI. (Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America)
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - March 8, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Frederick M. Azar Source Type: research

Orthopedic Clinics of North America
www.orthopedic.theclinics.com (Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America)
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - March 8, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Frederick M. Azar Source Type: research

Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America)
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - March 8, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Chief-of-Staff, Campbell Clinic, Inc, Memphis, Tennessee, USA (Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America)
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - March 8, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Contributors
FREDERICK M. AZAR, MD (Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America)
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - March 8, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Contents
Frederick M. Azar (Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America)
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - March 8, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
July 2023 (Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America)
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - March 8, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Remote Patient Monitoring Following Total Joint Arthroplasty
This review article presents the current state of remote patient monitoring (RPM) in total joint arthroplasty. RPM refers to the use of telecommunication with wearable and implantable technology to assess and treat patients. Several forms of RPM are discussed including telemedicine, patient engagement platforms, wearable devices, and implantable devices. The benefits to patients and physicians are discussed in the context of postoperative monitoring. Insurance coverage and reimbursement of these technologies are reviewed. (Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America)
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - January 31, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Maxwell Weinberg, Jonathan R. Danoff, Giles R. Scuderi Source Type: research

Functional Component Positioning in Total Hip Arthroplasty and the Role of Robotic-Arm Assistance in Addressing Spinopelvic Pathology
Hip, spine, and pelvis function as a unified kinetic chain. Any spinal pathology, results in compensatory changes in the other components to accommodate for the reduced spinopelvic motion. The complex relationship between spinopelvic mobility and component positioning in total hip arthroplasty presents a challenge in achieving functional implant positioning. Patients with spinal pathology, especially those with stiff spines and little change in sacral slope, are at high instability risk. In this challenging subgroup, robotic-arm assistance enables the execution of a patient specific plan, avoiding impingement and maximizin...
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - January 31, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Andreas Fontalis, Pierre Putzeys, Ricci Plastow, Dia Eldean Giebaly, Babar Kayani, Fabrice Glod, Fares S. Haddad Source Type: research

Predicting Corrosion Damage in the Human Body Using Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) is used in the clinic to improve patient care. While the successes illustrate AI ’s impact, few studies have led to improved clinical outcomes. In this review, we focus on how AI models implemented in nonorthopedic fields of corrosion science may apply to the study of orthopedic alloys. We first define and introduce fundamental AI concepts and models, as well as physiologicall y relevant corrosion damage modes. We then systematically review the corrosion/AI literature. Finally, we identify several AI models that may be implemented to study fretting, crevice, and pitting corrosion of titanium ...
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - January 31, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Michael A. Kurtz, Ruoyu Yang, Mohan S.R. Elapolu, Audrey C. Wessinger, William Nelson, Kazzandra Alaniz, Rahul Rai, Jeremy L. Gilbert Source Type: research

Intraoperative Navigation and Robotics in Pediatric Spinal Deformity
Current technologies for image guidance navigation and robotic assistance with spinal surgery are improving rapidly with several systems commercially available. Newer machine vision technology has several potential advantages. Limited studies have shown similar outcomes to traditional navigation platforms with decreased intraoperative radiation and time required for registration. However, there are no active robotic arms that can be coupled with machine vision navigation. Further research is necessary to justify the cost, potential increased operative time, and workflow issues but the use of navigation and robotics will on...
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - January 31, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Zachary R. Diltz, Benjamin J. Sheffer Source Type: research

Emerging Technologies in Shoulder Arthroplasty
Shoulder arthroplasty is a rapidly improving and utilized management for end-stage arthritis that is associated with improved functional outcomes, pain relief, and long-term implant survival. Accurate placement of the glenoid and humeral components is critical for improved outcomes. Traditionally, preoperative planning was limited to radiographs and 2-dimensional computed tomography (CT); however, 3-dimensional CT is becoming more commonly utilized and necessary to understand complex glenoid and humeral deformities. To further increase accurate component placement, intraoperative assistive devices –patient-specific instr...
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - January 31, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Brenton R. Jennewine, Tyler J. Brolin Source Type: research

Advances in Cartilage Repair
Osteochondral lesions of the ankle joint are typically associated with a traumatic etiology and present with ankle pain and swelling. Conservative management yields unsatisfactory results because of the poor healing capacity of the articular cartilage. Smaller lesions (10  mm), cystic lesions, uncontained lesions, or patients who have failed prior bone marrow stimulation, management with autologous osteochondral transplantation is indicated. (Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America)
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - January 31, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Mohammad T. Azam, James J. Butler, Matthew L. Duenes, Thomas W. McAllister, Raymond C. Walls, Arianna L. Gianakos, John G. Kennedy Source Type: research

Clinical, Radiographic, and Patient-Reported Outcomes Associated with a Handheld Image-free Robotic-Assisted Surgical System in Total Knee Arthroplasty
One of the primary aims of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is restoration of the mechanical axis of the lower limb. Maintenance of the mechanical axis within 3 ° of neutral has been shown to result in improved clinical results and implant longevity. Handheld image-free robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (HI-TKA) is a novel way of performing TKA in the era of modern robotic-assisted TKA. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of achieving ta rgeted alignment, component placement, clinical outcomes, as well as patient satisfaction after HI-TKA. (Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America)
Source: Orthopedic Clinics of North America - January 31, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Ittai Shichman, Vinaya Rajahraman, James Chow, David W. Fabi, Mark E. Gittins, Joseph E. Burkhardt, Bertrand P. Kaper, Ran Schwarzkopf Source Type: research