Utilization of a pre-bent plate-positioning surgical guide system in precise mandibular reconstruction with a free fibula flap
Extensive repair of mandibular defects is challenging. Reconstructive options have included the use of microvascular free flaps, non-vascularized bone grafts, and alloplastic implants, including titanium reconstruction plates. In 1989, Hidalgo [1] reported the usefulness of free vascularized fibula flaps for mandibular reconstruction. This flap has many advantages, including a long pedicle, wide vessel diameter, sufficient bone components, and the ability to incorporate the skin paddle [2,3]. Since then, the fibula has been commonly chosen as the donor site for mandibular reconstruction. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 11, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tingwei Bao, Jianfeng He, Changyang Yu, Wenquan Zhao, Yi Lin, Huiming Wang, Jianhua Liu, Huiyong Zhu Source Type: research
Evaluating the association between household air pollution and oral cancer
A World Health Organisation report in 2004 [1] assessed the disease burden from indoor smoke generated from combustion of household solid fuels. The report estimated that globally about 50% of all households especially rural household (90%) utilize solid fuels for domestic use. The solid fuels commonly used were coal in China and biomass (crop residues, animal dung, and wood) in India and Africa. Most of this household have relatively poor ventilation thus increasing the exposure to the smoke. The report revealed that women and young children due to their household roles were the most exposed, resulting in chronic pulmonar...
Source: Oral Oncology - November 11, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: A. Thirumal Raj, Shankargouda Patil, Sachin C. Sarode, Gargi S. Sarode, Chandini Rajkumar Tags: Letter to the editor Source Type: research
Delayed clinical complete response to intensity-modulated radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common head and neck cancer in China, especially the southern regions, with 60,600 new cases reported in 2015 [1]. Unlike other head and neck cancers, radiotherapy (RT) is the primary treatment modality for non-disseminated NPC due to its anatomical location and sensitivity to radiation. The optimal time-point for assessing the tumor response to RT is very important in NPC, as it determines whether the patient has residual or persistent disease and whether salvage treatment should be initiated [2 –4]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 10, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wen-Fei Li, Yuan Zhang, Xu Liu, Ling-Long Tang, Li Tian, Rui Guo, Li-Zhi Liu, Ying Sun, Jun Ma Source Type: research
Oncogenic DNA viruses found in salivary gland tumors
Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are rare, extremely complex entities posing a major challenge for both pathologists and clinicians [1,2]. Despite intensive research beginning in the early ’90, the etiology of SGTs is still unclear [3]. Several human DNA viruses, including human papillomaviruses (HPVs), herpes viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV), and polyomaviruses, have been implicated in a wide variety of tumors, and the majority of these can be dete cted in saliva samples [4–7]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 10, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Alyce A. Chen, Tarik Gheit, Marco Stellin, Valentina Lupato, Giacomo Spinato, Roberto Fuson, Anna Menegaldo, Sandrine Mckay-Chopin, Elisa Dal Cin, Giancarlo Tirelli, Maria Cristina Da Mosto, Massimo Tommasino, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo Source Type: research
Construction of mass spectra database and diagnosis algorithm for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Although complete tumor resection leads to improved prognosis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), functional disabilities such as dysphagia and dysphonia are sometimes unavoidable. The risk of these complications can be minimized by careful dissection [1 –4]. Intraoperative rapid diagnosis using frozen sections is the standard means of determining appropriate tumor margins [5,6]. This process requires several steps, including tissue freezing, cryosectioning, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and microscopic examination, the whole process usually taking>30 min. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 10, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kei Ashizawa, Kentaro Yoshimura, Hisashi Johno, Tomohiro Inoue, Ryohei Katoh, Satoshi Funayama, Kaname Sakamoto, Sen Takeda, Keisuke Masuyama, Tomokazu Matsuoka, Hiroki Ishii Source Type: research
Prognostic value of masticatory muscle involvement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy
In 2017, the UICC/AJCC published the 8th edition of their staging manual for NPC, which has gained universal acceptance. This is a revision based on the UICC/AJCC ’s 7th edition and the 2008 Chinese staging system. There are three important adjustments for primary tumor site (T) classifications: (1) T0 is added for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive cancers with cervical lymph node involvement and no identifiable primary tumor; (2) New evidence has confirmed the prognostic value of the prevertebral muscle in NPC patients with tumors designated as T2; (3) The previous T4 criteria of “masticator space” and “infratempo...
Source: Oral Oncology - November 9, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Min Kang, Pingting Zhou, Xueyin Liao, Meng Xu, Rensheng Wang Source Type: research
Reconstruction of oral cavity defect using versatile buccinator myomucosal flaps in the treatment of cT2 –3, N0 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: Feasibility, morbidity, and functional/oncological outcomes
In the surgical management of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC), radical resection with adequate margins is paramount in achieving local control. To obtain microscopically clear margins>0.5 cm, additional resection of normal tissue>1.0 –1.5 cm from the gross tumor border is recommended [1,2]. Therefore, defect size is always significantly larger than the tumor itself, and reconstruction is commonly required to establish form and function in the resected organ, with the exception of some T1 and T2 OCSCCs. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 9, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dongbin Ahn, Gil Joon Lee, Jin Ho Sohn Source Type: research
A network meta-analysis in comparing prophylactic treatments of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis for patients with head and neck cancers receiving radiotherapy
Head and neck cancers (HNSCC) account for 5% of all cancers, and squamous cell carcinoma or a variant is the main histologic type in more than 90% of these tumors [1]. Single-modality treatment with surgery or radiotherapy is usually recommended for early disease (stage I or II). Due to complicated anatomy and the wide extension of local or regionally advanced disease, the combined treatment strategy of radical radiotherapy with chemotherapy or cetuximab [2] is a preferred option for unresectable disease. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 7, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hao Peng, Bin-Bin Chen, Lei Chen, Yu-Pei Chen, Xu Liu, Ling-Long Tang, Yan-Ping Mao, Wen-Fei Li, Yuan Zhang, Ai-Hua Lin, Ying Sun, Jun Ma Source Type: research
Humidification mitigates acute mucosal toxicity during radiotherapy when factoring volumetric parameters. Trans Tasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG) RadioHUM 07.03 substudy
The rationale for domiciliary humidification during head and neck radiotherapy to ameliorate symptoms associated with mucositis using a high flow rate humidifier with nasal prong interface is based on principles of moist wound care, or in other words to reduce the impact of wound desiccation on tissue injury. This may help mitigate the intense pro-inflammatory environment characteristic of mucositis pathobiology [1,2]. Moisturisation aids nutrient delivery and facilitates migration of cells across epithelial surfaces during wound healing. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 3, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: A. Macann, F. Fauzi, J. Simpson, G. Sasso, H. Krawitz, C. Fraser-Browne, J. Manitz, A. Raith Source Type: research
Plasticity of oral mucosal cell sheets for accelerated and scarless skin wound healing
This study examined the potential utility of a newly developed oral mucosal cell sheet in skin excisional wounds. The oral mucosal cell sheet promoted wound healing with early wound closure and less scarring and demonstrated in vivo tissue plasticity through good adaptation in cutaneous wounds. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 3, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jong-Lyel Roh, Jaewang Lee, Eun Hye Kim, Daiha Shin Source Type: research
Evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy and spectrum of autofluorescence of benign, dysplastic and malignant lesions of the oral cavity using VELscope
In individuals exposed to risk factors; the prevention and early detection of oral cancer play a significant role in increasing the survival rates [1,2]. In the absence of a definitive approach, screening of oral cancer is still largely based on conventional oral examination (COE) and scalpel biopsy in case of suspicious lesions [3,4]. Since visible changes in the oral mucosa are known to precede the development of virtually all oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs), various adjunctive techniques have been introduced with the aim to assist in the detection of early cancerous mucosal changes that can be occult to visual ins...
Source: Oral Oncology - November 2, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ravikant S. Ganga, Dipali Gundre, Shivani Bansal, Pankaj M. Shirsat, Pooja Prasad, Rajiv S. Desai Source Type: research
Results of a phase II randomized controlled clinical trial comparing efficacy of Cabazitaxel versus Docetaxel as second line or above therapy in recurrent head and neck cancer
Head and neck squamous cell cancer (SCCHN) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and is the most common neoplasm in central Asia [1]. Head and neck malignancies are common in regions of the world where tobacco use and alcohol consumption is high [2]. The five-year survival ranges from 20 to 90% depending upon the subsite of origin and the clinical extent of disease [3]. Current therapy consists of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy [3]. More than 60% patients develop recurrence in locally advanced head and neck cancer [4]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Amit Joshi, Vijay Patil, Vanita Noronha, Sachin Dhumal, Nikhil Pande, Arun Chandrasekharan, Siddharth Turkar, Hollis DSouza, Sameer Shrirangwar, Abhishek Mahajan, Supreeta Arya, Shashikant Juvekar, Atanu BhattaCharjee, Kumar Prabhash Source Type: research
Head and neck reconstruction with free flaps based on the thoracodorsal system
Evolution in the range of free flaps available for head and neck cancer has facilitated successful reconstructive surgery in increasingly demanding defects. Patients presenting with extensive primary or recurrent tumours, as well as cases of osteoradionecrosis, form a significant part of the head and neck reconstructive surgeon ’s practice. These cases often incorporate complex three-dimensional defects that include both osseous and soft tissue components as well as more than one epithelial surface (e.g. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: John Edward O'Connell, Mandeep S Bajwa, Andrew G. Schache, Richard J. Shaw Source Type: research
Head and neck free flap reconstruction: What is the appropriate post-operative level of care?
Postoperative care of the head and neck free flap patient requires close free flap monitoring, airway management, parenteral feeding, and management of medical comorbidities [1,2]. Patients undergoing head and neck reconstructive surgery may be admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), a step-down (or other intermediate care) unit, or an inpatient ward after surgery. Head and neck oncologic surgery may predispose patients to infections and poor wound healing due to medical comorbidities, exposure to radiotherapy and the proximity of the aerodigestive tract to neurovascular structures and soft tissue planes [3]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Varun V. Varadarajan, Hassan Arshad, Peter T. Dziegielewski Source Type: research
Reflections: Paul Bernard Chretien, MD (1931-2017)
The field of head and neck oncology and tumor immunology has lost one of its giants. Paul B. Chretien, MD died peacefully at home in Rockville, Maryland on August 16th, 2017 at age 86 after a prolonged decline in health. He was a true pioneer of head and neck tumor immunology and in the early 1970 ’s, adapted the emerging discoveries of the differing immune functions of T and B lymphocytes to the study of head and neck cancer patients. Working at the National Cancer Institute Surgery Branch as a Senior Investigator (1966-1972), and Chief of the Tumor Immunology Section (1972-1980), he was t he first to characterize defic...
Source: Oral Oncology - November 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gregory T. Wolf Source Type: research
