Clinicopathological Presentation of Retinoblastoma in Ethiopia
Objective : To describe the clinical and histopathologic characteristics of retinoblastoma among Ethiopian patients.
Design: A hospital-based cross-sectional study.
Methods: All children newly diagnosed with retinoblastoma during the study period of May 2015 to December 2019, inclusive, who presented to a tertiary referral center during were included. Demographic, clinical and histologic characteristics were collected and descriptive statistics were done using SPSS Version 20.0 software.
Results: A total of 217 patients (unilateral 84.3%, bilateral 15.7%) were studied. The median age at presentation was 29 months (34 mo...
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - July 4, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Emerging New Therapeutics for Retinoblastoma
Background: Over the last few decades, chemotherapy has become the main treatment of retinoblastoma, delivered through various routes: intravenous (IVC), intra-arterial (IAC), and intravitreal (IvitC). Despite its efficacy, chemotherapy related toxicity (ocular and systemic) and recurrences due to resistant tumor clones are common, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic agents.
Summary: Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular drivers of Rb1 tumorigenesis and mechanisms of tumor resistance have afforded opportunities to explore novel targets such as the MDMX–p53 pathway (Nutlin-3), Histone deacetylase...
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - May 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Comparison of Tumor Size and Gene Expression at Presentation in Uveal Melanoma Patients before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had no effect on the presentation of uveal melanoma patients across all tumor characteristics including size, staging, and gene expression data, suggesting there was not a significant diagnostic delay in care for uveal melanoma patients at our center due to the pandemic.Ocul Oncol Pathol (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - May 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Comparison of Tumor Size and Gene Expression at Presentation in
Uveal Melanoma Patients Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had no effect on the presentation of uveal melanoma patients across all tumor characteristics including size, staging, and gene expression data, suggesting there was not a significant diagnostic delay in care for uveal melanoma patients at our center due to the p andemic. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - May 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Long-Term Results after Intraocular Surgery in Treated Retinoblastoma Eyes
Conclusion: Surgical therapy in treated retinoblastoma is necessary in isolated cases. In our series, cataract surgery was a safe procedure with a good option of a significant increase in visual acuity. As expected, vitreoretinal treated eyes showed a limited gain in visual acuity, a higher risk of late recurrences, and a lower globe retention rate. Therefore, a careful indication and individual risk-benefit analysis are mandatory. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - April 20, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Long term results after intraocular surgery in treated retinoblastoma eyes
Conclusion: Surgical therapy in treated retinoblastoma is necessary in isolated cases. In our series cataract surgery was a safe procedure with a good option of a significant increase in visual acuity. Vitreoretinal treated eyes showed a limited gain in visual acuity, a higher risk of late recurrences and a lower globe retention rate. Therefore preoperative high-quality imaging and individual risk-benefit analysis is mandatory. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - April 20, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Intraocular Lens and Lens Capsule Spread of Iridociliary Melanoma: Clinical and Histopathologic Features of 2 Cases
Conclusions: Intraocular lens and lens capsule spread of iridociliary melanoma can occur primarily or develop secondarily after plaque brachytherapy of a pseudophakic eye. Since the extent of the melanoma may be uncertain and there is a high likelihood of glaucoma, enucleation is a reasonable option. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - March 28, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma Immunohistochemistry Labeling in Uveal Melanomas
Conclusions: We find that PRAME IHC distinguishes PRAME-positive and PRAME-negative UM tumor cells. Interestingly, IHC reveals focal PRAME expression in subsets of tumor cells consistent with tumor heterogeneity. PRAME RT-PCR and IHC provide concordant results in most of our cases. We suggest that discordance in PRAME results could arise from spatial or temporal variation in PRAME expression between tumor cells. Further studies are required to determine the prognostic implications of PRAME IHC in UM. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - March 11, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma (PRAME) Immunohistochemistry Labeling in Uveal Melanomas
Conclusions: We find that PRAME IHC distinguishes PRAME-positive and PRAME-negative UM tumor cells. Interestingly, IHC reveals focal PRAME expression in subsets of tumor cells consistent with tumor heterogeneity. PRAME RT-PCR and IHC provide concordant results in most of our cases. We suggest that discordance in PRAME results could arise from spatial or temporal variation in PRAME expression between tumor cells. Further studies are required to determine the prognostic implications of PRAME IHC in UM. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - March 11, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Unilateral Multifocal Choroidal Melanoma with Underlying Isolated Choroidal Melanocytosis
We describe three cases of patients who developed unilateral, multifocal uveal melanoma in the setting of underlying isolated choroidal melanocytosis. All patients developed either two distinct tumors at presentation or a new discrete choroidal melanoma arising from the choroidal melanocytosis over 1 year following treatment of the original tumor by plaque brachytherapy. These cases provide additional evidence of the association between isolated choroidal melanocytosis and uveal melanoma, and suggest increased risk of multifocal melanoma in patients with this condition. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - February 28, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Adjunctive Treatment with Interferon Alpha 2b in Conjunctival Melanoma
Conclusions: IFN alpha 2b could be used as a co-adjuvant treatment after CM resection, in an attempt to reduce the possibility of recurrences. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - January 27, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Adjunctive treatment with Interferon-alpha 2b in conjunctival melanoma
Conclusions: IFN alpha 2b could be used as a co-adjuvant treatment after CM resection, in an attempt to reduce the possibility of recurrences. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - January 27, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
The histopathology of two eyes enucleated after continuous transscleral and micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation for refractory secondary glaucoma
Conclusion: Bot h patients ultimately experienced pain and vision loss with either a recrudescence of elevated intraocular pressure or inflammatory hypotony and subsequently underwent enucleation of the affected eye. One globe was enucleated shortly after CW-TSCPC and found to have near full-thickness coagulative n ecrosis of the pigmented and non-pigmented ciliary epithelium and ciliary muscle as well as necrosis of adjacent non-target tissues with fibrin in the anterior chamber. The second patient underwent enucleation many months after MP-TSCPC with partial healing fibrosis of the ciliary body and some rema ining viable...
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - January 24, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Correlation Between Frozen Section and Permanent Histopathologic Diagnoses in Adult Orbital Lesions
Conclusion: Frozen section diagnoses correlate s with permanent histopathologic tissue diagnosis in adult orbital biopsies in greater than 90% of cases. Among non-correlated specimens, amyloidosis was the most common diagnosis. Although rare, orbital amyloid disorders may be considered in the differential diagnosis of cases of orbital biopsies w ith nonspecific findings on frozen section. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - January 17, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
A Prediction Model to Discriminate Small Choroidal Melanoma from Choroidal Nevus
Conclusions: To minimize diagnostic uncertainty, a machine learning based diagnostic prediction calculator can be readily applied for decision making and counselling patients with small choroidal melanoma. (Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology)
Source: Ocular Oncology and Pathology - December 22, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
