The chemical senses and nutrition
The chemical senses are comprised of the senses of taste, smell and chemical irritation. They are often referred to as the minor senses though considerable evidence documents their vital roles in human health, reproduction and the quality of life. In addition to being the primary driver of food choice, the chemical senses also serve as signaling systems that modulate appetite, digestion, metabolism, energy balance and body weight [1,2]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 20, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Prof. Richard D. Mattes Source Type: research
Why aren't we making progress in promoting healthy lifestyles?
Obesity is considered to be one of the most prevalent non-communicable chronic diseases that manifests as a symptom of and a marker for unhealthy lifestyles including physical inactivity, poor diets, ineffective sleep and ineffective stress management [1-3]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 20, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: James O. Hill Source Type: research
Gastrophysics: the lens of psychological and sensory research
The perfect meal may be something as simple as a picnic in a summer meadow or once in a lifetime trip to one of the world's top Michelin-starred restaurants. But a great eating experience depends on not just the food but far more on ‘the everything else’ that surrounds the meal such as the mood we are in through to the company we keep, the environment and the plating, plate ware, and cutlery [1-4]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 20, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Prof. Charles Spence Source Type: research
Implementation of a “balanced nutrition education program” among primary school children in turkey
Key nutritional concerns in Turkey include excessive salt consumption (14.5 grams per day in 2012 against a WHO recommendation of 5 g/d) [1,2], iodine deficiency (27.8% of the population in 2009) [3], low fruit intake with only 53% of females and 51% of males consuming fruit on a daily basis, low vegetable consumption with only 63% of females and 60% of males consuming vegetables on a daily basis, [4], low iron status (anemia in 21% of female and 19% of male school children in 1993) [5], and potential high energy intake (3500Kcal/day available in the food chain against a requirement of1800-2500 Kcal/d) [5]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 20, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Halit Tanju Besler, Reci Meseri, Özge Küçükerdönmez, Habibe Şahin, Betül Çiçek, Esra Güneş, Şule Aktaç, Burcu Aksoy, Begüm Mutuş Source Type: research
The balanced nutrition test: an online dietary assessment tool adapted from the self check program for use in turkey
Novel technologies to assess dietary intake are designed to aid consumers in measuring their individual dietary intakes. Assessing their eating habits and nutritional status in this way can help researchers and policy makers to better elucidate how diet influences public health and well-being. As a novel tool, The Self Check Program is a scientifically based online questionnaire developed by the Institut f ür Ernaehrung und Praevention and Hohenheim University to assess nutritional status. It provides insight regarding individual's eating habits and unique requirements based on dietary consumption, food preferences and li...
Source: Nutrition - September 20, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Dr. Burcu Aksoy, Deniz Miray Arca, Prof. Halit Tanju Besler Source Type: research
Tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) rather than body mass index (BMI): an indicator of high adiposity in Italian children and adolescents
Childhood obesity rates have reached high levels in the last decades being considered a global public health issue[1 –2]. Overweight, including obesity, is defined as an excess of body fat mass, which is highly associated with chronic diseases[3]. In order to properly evaluate children and adolescent body composition (BC), direct methods of assessment should be employed for understanding health status and risk[4 ]. In the absence of accurate techniques to directly measure adiposity, alternative estimations as skinfold thickness, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and anthropometric indexes can be used[5,6]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 19, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Antonino De Lorenzo, LorenzoRomano, Laura Di Renzo, Paola Gualtieri, Chiara Salimei, Elena Carrano, Tiziana Rampello, Renata Costa de Miranda Source Type: research
Is waist circumference more strongly associated with metabolic risk factors in Asians than waist-to-height ratio?
Differential distribution of fats between the different ethnic groups has an impact on metabolic risk of an individual. Measuring metabolic risk of individual using simple anthropometric measurements is essential to replace current invasive methods of obtaining blood samples. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 19, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Shalini Ponnalagu, Xinyan Bi, Christiani Jeyakumar Henry Source Type: research
Different methods for diagnostic of sarcopenia and its association with nutritional status and survival in patients with advanced cancer in palliative care.
The term sarcopenia is derived from the Greek words sarx (flesh) and penia (poverty) [1]. The international consensus in sarcopenia defines it as a syndrome characterized by concomitant and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength [1-4]. Although sarcopenia is primarily a condition of the elderly individuals, it may also be associated with chronic diseases, including cancer [1]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 14, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jaqueline Rodrigues da Silva, Emanuelly Varea Maria Wiegert, Livia Costa de Oliveira, Larissa Calixto-Lima Source Type: research
Dietary sugars and non-caloric sweeteners elicit different homeostatic and hedonic responses in the brain
Our brain is essential in regulating intake of food and beverages, by balancing energy- homeostasis with reward perception (1). The hypothalamus is an important structure that regulates energy homeostasis by integrating information from glucose and insulin trajectories, with varying levels of hormones and peptides from the gut and stomach (2-5). The mesolimbic pathway, together with the homeostatic regulation, is responsible for the hedonic response to food. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) and other areas of the limbic system (amygdala, nucleus accumbens) are important parts of the mesolimbic pathway involved in this hedo...
Source: Nutrition - September 13, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: A.M. van Opstal, I. Kaal, A.A. van den Berg-Huysmans, M. Hoeksma, C. Blonk, H. Pijl, S.A.R.B Rombouts, J. van der Grond Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 11, 2018 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Predictors of stunting with particular focus on complementary feeding practices: A cross-sectional study in the Northern Province of Rwanda
Stunting also termed linear growth retardation, occurs when a child is not growing in length or height in accordance with his or her potential [1]. Globally, about 22.9% of children aged less than five years are stunted [2]. Africa and Asia have the highest numbers of stunted children estimated at 59 million and 87 million respectively [3]. Nationally, 38% of children under five in Rwanda are stunted [4]. WHO considers stunting to be a public health problem when the prevalence of stunting among children less than five years of age is higher than 20% [5]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 6, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Vestine Uwiringiyimana, Marga C Ock é, Sherif Amer, Antonie Veldkamp Source Type: research
Does Circulating Leptin Play a Role in Energy Expenditure?
The analysis and interpretation of energy balance (EB) is at the heart of obesity research. The global obesity epidemic and its burden on social and economic costs, heighten the necessity for new insights into mechanisms that govern EB [1]. EB is made up of energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE), i.e. EB = EI – EE. Thus, numerous studies have been performed to understand the mechanisms that regulate both EI and EE. Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, has been highlighted to regulate food intake and EE [2, 3]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 6, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Xinyan Bi, Yi Ting Loo, Christiani Jeyakumar Henry Source Type: research
Influence of dietary vitamin D deficiency on bone strength, body composition, and muscle in ovariectomized rats fed a high-fat diet
Osteoporosis, a disease characterized by low bone mass and the microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leads to bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk (1). In females, menopause causes changes in bone remodeling, an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption, and net bone loss (2). To reduce the risk of osteoporosis, it may be important to maximize peak bone mass during youth and prevent the loss of bone mass in postmenopausal women and older people. Osteoporosis results from complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 5, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kanae Nakaoka, Asako Yamada, Seiko Noda, Masae Goseki-Sone Tags: Nutrition Source Type: research
Vitamin B1 Interpretation: Erroneous Higher Levels in Non-Anaemic Population
Vitamin B1 is an essential water-soluble vitamin that was first discovered in 1926 (1). Together with its phosphorylated derivatives, it plays a crucial role as a cofactor in enzymes and enzymatic complexes after esterification of the side chain alcohol by a mono-, di-, or tri-phosphate (2). Thiamine diphosphate is the most abundant biologically active form in the human body accounting for approximately 80% of the total vitamin B1 content. It is mainly found in leukocytes and erythrocytes, while plasma mainly contains free thiamine and its monophosphate ester (3). (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - September 5, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Osman Evliyaoglu, Josef van Helden, Matthias Im öhl, Ralf Weiskirchen Source Type: research
Prevalence of metabolically healthy obese phenotype and associated factors in South American overweight adolescents: a cross-sectional study
The prevalence of obesity has reached epidemic proportions not only in adults but also among children and adolescents [1]. Over the last three decades, the overweight frequency in adolescents increased from 5.0% to 17.6%, representing an increase of more than 150% [2]. Childhood obesity has been considered a pivotal risk factor for several diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type II diabetes, besides being a strong predictor of adulthood obesity [3]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - August 27, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jane Maria Remor, Wendell Arthur Lopes, Jo ão Carlos Locateli, Ronano Pereira Oliveira, Caroline Ferraz Simões, Carlos Andrés Lopera Barrero, Nelson Nardo Junior Source Type: research
