High doses of sodium bicarbonate increase lactate levels and delay exhaustion in a cycling performance test
This study aimed to determine the effects of different NaHCO3 doses on performance and lactate clearance in non-professional cyclists. METHODS: Twenty one cyclists performed three double blind trials: (i) ingestion of 0.3 g • kg−1 body weight (BW) of placebo; (ii) ingestion of 0.1 g • kg−1 BW NaHCO3 plus 0.2 g • kg−1 BW placebo (0.1BC); and (iii) ingestion of 0.3 g • kg−1 BW NaHCO3 (0.3BC). (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 13, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Luis H.B. Ferreira, Andre C. Smolarek, Philip D. Chilibeck, Marcelo P. Barros, Steven R. McAnulty, Brad.J Schoenfeld, Bruna Amorim Zandona, T ácito P. Souza-Junior Source Type: research
Nutrients, Immune System and Exercise: Where it will take us?
The immune system protects the body against pathogens and plays a fundamental role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and preventing many inflammatory and metabolic diseases.[1] (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 13, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: H.A.P. Batatinha, L. Biondo, F.S. Lira, L.M. Castell, J.C. Rosa-Neto Source Type: research
Effects of early enteral bovine colostrum supplementation on intestinal permeability in critically ill patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
The gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium functions as an immunological barrier against luminal penetration by toxins, allergens, and pathogens (1). This barrier function can be impaired by physical stress due to critical illness (2). Moreover, the disruption of the specialized junctional complexes, called tight junctions, plays a crucial role in bacterial translocation and nosocomial infections (1). These infections are commonly reported in the intensive care unit (ICU) and seem to be related to a gut-barrier malfunction in critically ill patients (2). (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 11, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ghazaleh Eslamian, Seyed Hossein Ardehali, Ahmad-Reza Baghestani, Zahra Vahdat Shariatpanahi Source Type: research
Outcome of kidney function in adults on long-term home parenteral nutrition for chronic intestinal failure
Chronic intestinal failure (CIF) is the long-lasting reduction of gut function below the minimum necessary for the absorption of macronutrients and/or water and electrolytes, such that intravenous supplementation is required to maintain health and/or growth [1]. Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is the primary treatment for CIF [1]. Metabolic complications can develop in patients on HPN for CIF. The pathogenesis is multifactorial due to factors related to CIF, HPN, systemic conditions (i.e. episodes of sepsis) and/or life-style characteristics (i.e. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 11, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: F. Agostini, A.S. Sasdelli, M. Guidetti, G. Comai, G. La Manna, L. Pironi Source Type: research
Aldehydes Identified in Commercially Available Omega-3 Supplements via 1H NMR Spectroscopy
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the greatest cause of mortality globally [1]. CVD is demonstrably causally related to chronic inflammation [2, 3, 4] among other factors. Studies have suggested that omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory and therefore cardioprotective effects [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. The long chain PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are the main omega-3 fatty acids to which have been attributed cardio protective effects [8]. As the Western diet is usually low in omega-3 fatty acids, supplementation is generally recommended [10, 11]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 11, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Pim Jansson, Bartholomew Kay Source Type: research
Changes in lipid metabolism in pediatric patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. Author's response re. “Changes in plasma lipid profiles in sepsis.”
First of all, we would like to thank Chiarla et al. [1] for the recognition of our work. There is limited knowledge concerning the lipid profiles of critically ill pediatric patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome; thus, we conducted our study to evaluate whether changes in lipid profiles were present in children admitted to our Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) with a clinical diagnosis of severe sepsis/septic shock and whether these changes were attenuated according to clinical improvement [2]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 11, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ana Carolina G. Bermudes, Artur F. Delgado, Werther B. de Carvalho Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
High-fat, high-protein and high-carbohydrate diet affect sphingolipid profile in pancreatic steatosis in wistar rats
Wrong nutritional habits, including e.g. excessive protein, fat, and carbohydrate consumption, contribute to numerous metabolic diseases [1]. According to the data published by the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2016 about 650 million people (which is ca. 10% of the global population) were obese [1]. Moreover, about 3.7 million people die every year due to obesity-related diseases worldwide. In addition, it was estimated that its prevalence has almost tripled since the mid 1970s [1]. Wrong nutritional habits lead to the accumulation of lipids in the various tissues and organs. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 10, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ma łgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska, Bartłomiej Łukaszuk, Mateusz Maciejczyk, Lucyna Ostrowska, Anna Zalewska, Adrian Chabowski, Krzysztof Kurek Source Type: research
The Ketogenic Diet as a Potential Treatment and Prevention Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, which is estimated to affect as many as 24 million people worldwide, a prevalence that is expected to double every 20 years [1]. Although there is limited understanding of the etiological mechanisms behind AD, toxic amyloid beta (A β) plaques and tangles in the brain are thought to cause the progression of the disease, as autopsies show that these accumulate excessively in AD brains, resulting in heightened rates of cell death [2]. For this reason, much research has focused on reducing these plaques and tangles, but further e vidence now points toward neurometabol...
Source: Nutrition - October 10, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Gina M. Broom, Ian C. Shaw, Julia J. Rucklidge Source Type: research
The effect of gender and race on body mass index and percent body fat in young adults
Mississippi has the second highest adult obesity rate in the United States. One third of the adult population (37.3%) in the state of Mississippi fall in the obese category measured by body mass index (BMI). The condition of being obese or overweight is defined as having abnormal or excessive body fat accumulation that may harm one's health (Levie et al., 2017). These high rates of obesity are concerning due to their association with increased risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases [20]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 10, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ahmed Ch. Saddam, Heidi M. Foster, Moge Zhang, Terezie T. Mosby Source Type: research
Cranberry Juice Decreases Disease Activity in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis
The term rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was described more than 150 years ago to distinguish it from other forms of arthritis, such as acute rheumatism and gout [1]. RA is characterized by the progressive destruction of the joints as well as by extra-articular involvement and is thus classified as a systemic inflammatory disease. The disorder likely develops from individuals who are genetically susceptible to abnormal immune responses and have been exposed to specific environmental factors. RA affects millions of people worldwide, 1% of the population, and an estimated 2 million people in the United States [2]. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 10, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Nataly Sim ões Bandiera Thimóteo, Tatiana Mayumi Veiga Iryioda, Daniela Frizon Alfieri, Brunna Emanuella França Rego, Bruna Miglioranza Scavuzzi, Elis Fatel, Marcell Alysson Batisti Lozovoy, Andréa Name Colado Simão, Isaias Dichi, Effects of cranberr Source Type: research
Effects of Dietary Sport Supplements on Metabolite Accumulation, Vasodilation and Cellular Swelling in Relation to Muscle Hypertrophy: A Focus on “secondary” physiological determinants
Skeletal muscle remodelling is an adaptive process dependent on mechanical and chemical factors affecting muscle protein accretion (1).The optimal relative intensity suggested by the American College of Sports Medicine to induce a robust muscle hypertrophy effect is approximately 75% of the 1RM (repetition maximum) (2). However, several recent studies performed with and without BFR (blood flow restriction) resistance training have demonstrated that muscle hypertrophy can occur while using loads as low as 20 to 40% 1RM. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 10, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jason Cholewa, Eric Trexler, Fernanda Lima-Soares, Kassiana de Ara újo Pessôa, Raissa Souza, Azenildo Moura Santos, Xia Zhi, Humberto Nicastro, Christian Emmanuel Torres Cabido, Marcelo Conrado de Freitas, Fabricio Rossi, Nelo Eidy Zanchi Source Type: research
Impact of home enteral nutrition after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is the only potential curative approach for treating premalignant and malignant neoplasms of periampullary lesions, and represents one of the most invasive procedures in the field of abdominal surgery, being associated with postoperative morbidity rates of 30 –40%.[1] (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 10, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Daisuke Ito, Junichi Arita, Masaki Yamamoto, Nobuhisa Akamatsu, Junichi Kaneko, Hideaki Ijichi, Naoto Kubota, Yoshihiro Sakamoto, Norihiro Kokudo, Kiyoshi Hasegawa Source Type: research
Probiotics improve gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese mice fed a high-fat or high-sucrose diet
The prevalence of obesity has been dramatically increasing globally over decades [1]. Obesity is caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors, and is also suggested to be the result of a long-term imbalance between energy intake and expenditure [2]. Calorie-rich foods that are high in fat or carbohydrates combining with sedentary lifestyles are the most common factors underlying the global obesity epidemic [3]. High-fat diets (HFD) increase adipose tissue and induce metabolic and cardiovascular disorders (such as atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, stroke, and hypertension [4, 5]), especially in those...
Source: Nutrition - October 10, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Cheng Kong, Renyuan Gao, Xuebing Yan, Linsheng Huang, Huanlong Qin Source Type: research
Dietary patterns during pregnancy derived by reduced-rank regression and their association with gestational diabetes mellitus
The gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) not only affects the mother's health, by increasing the long-term risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease,(1) but also places the foetus at a higher risk of developing chronic noncommunicable diseases in adulthood.(2) Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop investigations aimed at better understanding the modifiable maternal risk factors related to the disease. (Source: Nutrition)
Source: Nutrition - October 9, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Daniela Saes Sartorelli, Daniela Cristina Candelas Zuccolotto, L ívia Castro Crivellenti, Laércio Joel Franco Source Type: research
Hospitals Lead by Poor Example: An Assessment of Snacks, Soda, and Junk Food Availability in Veterans Affairs Hospitals
Rates of overweight and obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes continue to rise throughout the United States. Recent trends in obesity reveal that the age-standardized prevalence of obesity among adults increased to 39.6% in 2015-2016 from 33.7% in 2007-2008 (1). Furthermore, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased to 34.7% in 2012, from 32.9% in 2004 (2). According to the Center for Disease Control, 40% of cancer diagnoses are related to obesity (3). Additionally, studies reveal that a significant proportion of cancer diagnoses are attributable to a combined effect of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diab...
Source: Nutrition - October 9, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Colin E. Champ, Nick A. Iarrobino, Christopher P. Haskins Source Type: research
