Therapeutic and Diagnostic Targets for Severe RSV Infection
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infects nearly all children by their second birthday. RSV usually causes mild respiratory illness, however, a subset of patients experience severe infection that require hospitalization. Successful host defense against viral pathogens requires rapid recognition of the virus and activation of both innate and adaptive immunity. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) are responsible for mounting an innate immune response and genetic variations within TLRs modulate severity of infection. Researchers at NIEHS have identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TLR8 that is associated with RSV disease...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - February 6, 2020 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
T-Cell Therapy Against Patient-Specific Cancer Mutations
Human cancers contain genetic mutations that are unique to each patient. Some of the mutated peptides are immunogenic, can be recognized by T cells, and therefore, may serve as therapeutic targets.Scientists at theNational Cancer Institute ' s Surgery Branch developed a method to identify T cells that specifically recognize immunogenic mutations expressed only by cancer cells. The scientists identified cancer-specific mutations from a patient with widely metastatic cholangiocarcinoma by sequencing tumor samples and comparing with normal cells. Using tandem minigene constructs encoding all of the mutations expressed by a pa...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - February 3, 2020 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
A Viral Exposure Signature to Define and Detect Early Onset Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Early detection of liver cancer, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is key to improve cancer-related mortality. More than 800,000 people are diagnosed with this cancer each year throughout the world. Liver cancer is also a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, accounting for more than 700,000 deaths each year. Currently, millions of Americans and possibly billions in the world are considered at risk for developing liver cancer. Individuals are considered at risk for developing liver cancer if they have underlying chronic liver diseases such as fibrosis and cirrhosis which in turn may be caused by viral infections ...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - January 15, 2020 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
Parental A2780 Ovarian Cancer Cell Line and Derivative Cisplatin-resistant and Adriamycin-resistant A2780 Cell Lines
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common and lethal types of gynecological malignancies worldwide, accounting for approximately 295,000 new cases and 185,000 deaths annually. The high lethality rate is due to multiple reasons, including recurrence and the resistance of recurrent tumors to chemotherapy. Cell line models are crucial for preclinical cancer studies, to identify mechanisms of disease, to study drug resistance, and to screen for candidate therapeutics. Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology have derived a cell line, A2780, from a patient with metastatic...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - January 15, 2020 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
A Preclinical Model for Mutant Human EGFR-driven Lung Adenocarcinoma
Previously described epidermal growth factor receptor- (EGFR) driven tumor mouse models develop diffuse tumors, which are dissimilar to human lung tumor morphology and difficult to measure by CT and MRI scans. Scientists at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) have developed and characterized a genetically engineered mouse (GEM) model of human EGFR-driven tumor model (hEGFR-TL) that recapitulates the discrete lung tumor nodules similar to those found in human lung tumor morphology. Individual tumor nodules can be easily measured by live animal imaging and the nodules can be harvested and isolated from surrounding lung tissu...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - January 15, 2020 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
