Charting the Next Road Map for CSF Biomarkers in Alzheimer ’s Disease and Related Dementias
AbstractClinical prediction of underlying pathologic substrates in people with Alzheimer ’s disease (AD) dementia or related dementia syndromes (ADRD) has limited accuracy. Etiologic biomarkers — including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of AD proteins and cerebral amyloid PET imaging — have greatly modernized disease-modifying clinical trials in AD, but their integration into me dical practice has been slow. Beyond core CSF AD biomarkers (including beta-amyloid 1–42, total tau, and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181), novel biomarkers have been interrogated in single- and multi-centered studies with uneven rigor...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - June 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome: Current Treatments, Novel Therapeutics, and Future Directions
This article provides a review of typical medication management and treatment strategies, including new and developing surgical approaches. Future directions in treatment include expanding genetic testing with the poten tial for gene therapy and continuously improving surgical options with the goal to prevent progression to DEE-SSW. (Source: Neurotherapeutics)
Source: Neurotherapeutics - June 23, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors for Traumatic Brain Injury
AbstractTraumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are associated with high morbidity and mortality due to both the original insult as well as the destructive biological response that follows. Medical management aims to slow or even halt secondary neurological injury while simultaneously laying the groundwork for recovery. Statins are one class of medications that is showing increased promise in the management of TBI. Used extensively in cardiovascular disease, these drugs were originally developed as competitive inhibitors within the cholesterol production pipeline. They are now used in diverse disease states due to their pleiotropi...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - June 23, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome: Current Treatments, Novel Therapeutics, and Future Directions
This article provides a review of typical medication management and treatment strategies, including new and developing surgical approaches. Future directions in treatment include expanding genetic testing with the poten tial for gene therapy and continuously improving surgical options with the goal to prevent progression to DEE-SSW. (Source: Neurotherapeutics)
Source: Neurotherapeutics - June 23, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors for Traumatic Brain Injury
AbstractTraumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are associated with high morbidity and mortality due to both the original insult as well as the destructive biological response that follows. Medical management aims to slow or even halt secondary neurological injury while simultaneously laying the groundwork for recovery. Statins are one class of medications that is showing increased promise in the management of TBI. Used extensively in cardiovascular disease, these drugs were originally developed as competitive inhibitors within the cholesterol production pipeline. They are now used in diverse disease states due to their pleiotropi...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - June 23, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Oxygen –Glucose Deprived Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Protect Against Ischemic Stroke
AbstractStroke is the leading cause of severe long-term disability. Cell therapy has recently emerged as an approach to facilitate functional recovery in stroke. Although administration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells preconditioned by oxygen –glucose deprivation (OGD-PBMCs) has been shown to be a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke, the recovery mechanisms remain largely unknown. We hypothesised that cell–cell communications within PBMCs and between PBMCs and resident cells are necessary for a polarising protective phenotype. H ere, we investigated the therapeutic mechanisms underlying the effects of OGD-PB...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - June 19, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Glibenclamide for Brain Contusions: Contextualizing a Promising Clinical Trial Design that Leverages an Imaging-Based TBI Endotype
AbstractTBI heterogeneity is recognized as a major impediment to successful translation of therapies that could improve morbidity and mortality after injury. This heterogeneity exists on multiple levels including primary injury, secondary injury/host-response, and recovery. One widely accepted type of primary-injury related heterogeneity is pathoanatomic —the intracranial compartment that is predominantly affected, which can include any combination of subdural, subarachnoid, intraparenchymal, diffuse axonal, intraventricular and epidural hemorrhages. Intraparenchymal contusions carry the highest risk for progression. Con...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - June 12, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Effects of NLY01, a Novel Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, on Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination and Remyelination: Challenges and Future Perspectives
This study aimed to investigate whether a novel long-acting GLP-1R agonist, NLY01, could limit demyelination or improve remyelination as occurs in MS using the cuprizone (CPZ) mouse model. Herein, we assessed the expression of GLP-1R on oligodendrocytes in vitro and found that mature oligodendrocytes (Olig2+PDGFRa−) express GLP-1R. We further confirmed this observation in the brain by immunohistochemistry and found that Olig2+CC1+ cells express GLP-1R. We next administered NLY01 twice per week to C57B6 mice while on CPZ chow diet and found that NLY01 significantly reduced demyelination with greater weight loss than vehic...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - June 9, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Nonpharmacological Treatments for Hospitalized Patients with Stroke: A Nuanced Approach to Prescribing Early Activity
AbstractStroke remains a leading cause of adult disability. To date, hyperacute revascularization procedures reach 5 –10% of stroke patients even in high resource health systems. There is a limited time window for brain repair after stroke, and therefore, the activities such as prescribed exercise in the earliest period will likely have long-term significant consequences. Clinicians who provide care for hospita lized stroke patients make treatment decisions specific to activity often without guidelines to direct these prescriptions. This requires a balanced understanding of the available evidence for early post-stroke ...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - June 8, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
