Secondary Ischemic Stroke Prevention
AbstractThe health burden of ischemic stroke is high and will continue to increase with an aging population. Recurrent ischemic stroke is increasingly recognized as a major public health concern with potentially debilitating sequelae. Thus, it is imperative to develop and implement effective strategies for stroke prevention. When considering secondary ischemic stroke prevention, it is important to consider the mechanism of the first stroke and the related vascular risk factors. Secondary ischemic stroke prevention typically includes multiple medical and, potentially, surgical treatments, but with the shared goal of reducin...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Channeling of New Neuropsychiatric Drugs —Impact on Safety and Effectiveness Studies
This study aimed to examine differential prescribing due to channeling and propensity score non-overlap over time in new versus established treatments for common neurological conditions. We conducted cross-sectional analyses on a national sample of US commercially insured adults using 2005 –2019 data. We compared new users of recently approved versus established medications for management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (pregabalin versus gabapentin), Parkinson disease psychosis (pimavanserin versus quetiapine), and epilepsy (brivaracetam versus levetiracetam). Within these drug p airs, we compared demographic, clinica...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Animal Models of Childhood Exposure to Lead or Manganese: Evidence for Impaired Attention, Impulse Control, and Affect Regulation and Assessment of Potential Therapies
AbstractBehavioral disorders involving attention and impulse control dysfunction, such as ADHD, are among the most prevalent disorders in children and adolescents, with significant impact on their lives. The etiology of these disorders is not well understood, but is recognized to be multifactorial, with studies reporting associations with polygenic and environmental risk factors, including toxicant exposure. Environmental epidemiological studies, while good at establishing associations with a variety of environmental and genetic risk factors, cannot establish causality. Animal models of behavioral disorders, when properly ...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - February 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Preclinical Interventions in Mouse Models of Frontotemporal Dementia Due to Progranulin Mutations
AbstractHeterozygous loss-of-function mutations in progranulin (GRN) cause frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a leading cause of early-onset dementia characterized clinically by behavioral, social, and language deficits. There are currently no FDA-approved therapeutics for FTD-GRN, but this has been an active area of investigation, and several approaches are now in clinical trials. Here, we review preclinical development of therapies for FTD-GRN with a focus on testing in mouse models. Since most FTD-GRN-associated mutations cause progranulin haploinsufficiency, these approaches focus on raising progranulin levels. We begin by...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - February 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Plasma SPARC Elevation in Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
SummaryMatricellular proteins have been implicated in pathologies after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). To find a new therapeutic molecular target, the present study aimed to clarify the relationships between serially measured plasma levels of a matricellular protein, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) in 117 consecutive aneurysmal SAH patients with admission World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grades I –III. DCI developed in 25 patients with higher incidences of past history of hypertension and dyslipidemia, preoperative WFNS grade III, modified Fisher g...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - February 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Preclinical Interventions in Mouse Models of Frontotemporal Dementia Due to Progranulin Mutations
AbstractHeterozygous loss-of-function mutations in progranulin (GRN) cause frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a leading cause of early-onset dementia characterized clinically by behavioral, social, and language deficits. There are currently no FDA-approved therapeutics for FTD-GRN, but this has been an active area of investigation, and several approaches are now in clinical trials. Here, we review preclinical development of therapies for FTD-GRN with a focus on testing in mouse models. Since most FTD-GRN-associated mutations cause progranulin haploinsufficiency, these approaches focus on raising progranulin levels. We begin by...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - February 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Plasma SPARC Elevation in Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
SummaryMatricellular proteins have been implicated in pathologies after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). To find a new therapeutic molecular target, the present study aimed to clarify the relationships between serially measured plasma levels of a matricellular protein, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) in 117 consecutive aneurysmal SAH patients with admission World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grades I –III. DCI developed in 25 patients with higher incidences of past history of hypertension and dyslipidemia, preoperative WFNS grade III, modified Fisher g...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - February 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Glibenclamide Posttreatment Does Not Inhibit Levcromakalim Induced Headache in Healthy Participants: A Randomized Clinical Trial
AbstractIntravenous infusion of ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) opener levcromakalim causes headache in humans and implicates KATP channels in headache pathophysiology. Whether KATP channel blocker glibenclamide inhibits levcromakalim-induced headache has not yet been elucidated. We aimed to investigate the effect of posttreatment with glibenclamide on levcromakalim-induced headache in healthy participants. In a double blind, randomized, three-arm, placebo-controlled, crossover study, 20 healthy participants were randomized to receive 20 mL of levcromakalim (0.05 mg/min (50 mg/mL)) or 20 mL placebo (isotonic sa...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - February 10, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
GABAA Receptor Subtype Specificity in Essential Tremor
(Source: Neurotherapeutics)
Source: Neurotherapeutics - February 10, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Glibenclamide Posttreatment Does Not Inhibit Levcromakalim Induced Headache in Healthy Participants: A Randomized Clinical Trial
AbstractIntravenous infusion of ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) opener levcromakalim causes headache in humans and implicates KATP channels in headache pathophysiology. Whether KATP channel blocker glibenclamide inhibits levcromakalim-induced headache has not yet been elucidated. We aimed to investigate the effect of posttreatment with glibenclamide on levcromakalim-induced headache in healthy participants. In a double blind, randomized, three-arm, placebo-controlled, crossover study, 20 healthy participants were randomized to receive 20 mL of levcromakalim (0.05 mg/min (50 mg/mL)) or 20 mL placebo (isotonic sa...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - February 10, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
GABAA Receptor Subtype Specificity in Essential Tremor
(Source: Neurotherapeutics)
Source: Neurotherapeutics - February 10, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
