A New Look at Animal Models of Neurological Disorders
(Source: Neurotherapeutics)
Source: Neurotherapeutics - April 5, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Contribution of Glial Cells to Polyglutamine Diseases: Observations from Patients and Mouse Models
AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases are broadly characterized neuropathologically by the degeneration of vulnerable neuronal cell types in a specific brain region. The degeneration of specific cell types has informed on the various phenotypes/clinical presentations in someone suffering from these diseases. Prominent neurodegeneration of specific neurons is seen in polyglutamine expansion diseases including Huntington ’s disease (HD) and spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA). The clinical manifestations observed in these diseases could be as varied as the abnormalities in motor function observed in those who have Huntington’s di...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - April 5, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A New Look at Animal Models of Neurological Disorders
(Source: Neurotherapeutics)
Source: Neurotherapeutics - April 5, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Vessel Has Been Recanalized: Now What?
AbstractWhen treating acute ischemic stroke patients in our daily clinical practice, we strive to achieve recanalization of the occluded blood vessel as fast as possible using pharmacological thrombolysis and mechanical clot removal. However, successful recanalization does not equal successful reperfusion of the ischemic tissue due to mechanisms such as microvascular obstruction. Even if successful reperfusion is achieved, numerous other post-recanalization tissue damage mechanisms may impair patient outcomes, namely blood –brain barrier breakdown, reperfusion injury and excitotoxicity, late secondary changes, and post-i...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - April 4, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (ta-VNS) for Treatment of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
This study explored the efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (ta-VNS) in patients with epilepsy. A total of 150 patients were randomly divided into active stimulation group and control group. At baseline and 4, 12, and 20 weeks of stimulation, demographic information, seizure frequency, and adverse events were recorded; at 20 weeks, the patients underwent assessment of quality of life, Hamilton Anxiety and Depression scale, MINI suicide scale, and MoCA scale. Seizure frequency was determined according to the patie nt’s seizure diary. Seizure frequency reduction > 50% was cons...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 30, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Evolving Stroke Systems of Care: Stroke Diagnosis and Treatment in the Post-Thrombectomy Era
AbstractThrombectomy became the gold-standard treatment of acute ischemic stroke caused by large-vessel occlusions (LVO) in 2015 after five clinical trials published that year demonstrated significantly improved patient outcomes. In subsequent years, advances in stroke systems of care have centered around improving access to and expanding patient eligibility for thrombectomy. The prehospital and acute stroke treatment settings have had the greatest emphasis. Numerous prehospital stroke scales now provide emergency medical services with focused physical exams to identify LVOs, and many devices to non-invasively detect LVO a...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Acute Treatment with the M-Channel (Kv7, KCNQ) Opener Retigabine Reduces the Long-Term Effects of Repetitive Blast Traumatic Brain Injuries
AbstractWe investigated whether pharmacological increase of “M-type” (KCNQ, Kv7) K + channel currents by the M-channel opener, retigabine (RTG), acutely after repetitive traumatic brain injuries (rTBIs), prevents or reduces their long-term detrimental effects. rTBIs were studied using a blast shock air wave mouse model. Animals were monitored by video and electroencephalogram (EEG) records for nine months after the last injury to assess the occurrence of post-traumatic seizures (PTS), post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), sleep–wake cycle architecture alterations, and the power of the EEG signals. We evaluated the deve...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Glioma Cells Expressing High Levels of ALDH5A1 Exhibit Enhanced Migration Transcriptional Signature in Patient Tumors
AbstractAccumulating data shows that altered metabolic activity contributes to glioma development. Recently, modulation of SSADH (succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase) expression, implicated in the catabolism of GABA neurotransmitter, was shown to impact glioma cell properties, such as proliferation, self-renewal and tumorigenicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of SSADH expression in human gliomas. Using public single-cell RNA-sequencing data from glioma surgical resections, we initially grouped cancer cells according toALDH5A1 (Aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family member A1) expressio...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Spatio-Temporal Characterization of Brain Inflammation in a Non-human Primate Stroke Model Mimicking Endovascular Thrombectomy
In conclusion, we showed that chronic inflammation matched ADC decrease at occlusion time, a region exposed to an initial burst of damage-associated molecular patterns, in an NHP stroke model mimicking EVT. We described secondary thalamic inflammation and the protective effect of CsA in this region. We propose that major ADC drop in the putamen during occlusion may identify individuals who could benefit from early personalized treatment targeting inflammation. (Source: Neurotherapeutics)
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Evolving Stroke Systems of Care: Stroke Diagnosis and Treatment in the Post-Thrombectomy Era
AbstractThrombectomy became the gold-standard treatment of acute ischemic stroke caused by large-vessel occlusions (LVO) in 2015 after five clinical trials published that year demonstrated significantly improved patient outcomes. In subsequent years, advances in stroke systems of care have centered around improving access to and expanding patient eligibility for thrombectomy. The prehospital and acute stroke treatment settings have had the greatest emphasis. Numerous prehospital stroke scales now provide emergency medical services with focused physical exams to identify LVOs, and many devices to non-invasively detect LVO a...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Acute Treatment with the M-Channel (Kv7, KCNQ) Opener Retigabine Reduces the Long-Term Effects of Repetitive Blast Traumatic Brain Injuries
AbstractWe investigated whether pharmacological increase of “M-type” (KCNQ, Kv7) K + channel currents by the M-channel opener, retigabine (RTG), acutely after repetitive traumatic brain injuries (rTBIs), prevents or reduces their long-term detrimental effects. rTBIs were studied using a blast shock air wave mouse model. Animals were monitored by video and electroencephalogram (EEG) records for nine months after the last injury to assess the occurrence of post-traumatic seizures (PTS), post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), sleep–wake cycle architecture alterations, and the power of the EEG signals. We evaluated the deve...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Glioma Cells Expressing High Levels of ALDH5A1 Exhibit Enhanced Migration Transcriptional Signature in Patient Tumors
AbstractAccumulating data shows that altered metabolic activity contributes to glioma development. Recently, modulation of SSADH (succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase) expression, implicated in the catabolism of GABA neurotransmitter, was shown to impact glioma cell properties, such as proliferation, self-renewal and tumorigenicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of SSADH expression in human gliomas. Using public single-cell RNA-sequencing data from glioma surgical resections, we initially grouped cancer cells according toALDH5A1 (Aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family member A1) expressio...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Spatio-Temporal Characterization of Brain Inflammation in a Non-human Primate Stroke Model Mimicking Endovascular Thrombectomy
In conclusion, we showed that chronic inflammation matched ADC decrease at occlusion time, a region exposed to an initial burst of damage-associated molecular patterns, in an NHP stroke model mimicking EVT. We described secondary thalamic inflammation and the protective effect of CsA in this region. We propose that major ADC drop in the putamen during occlusion may identify individuals who could benefit from early personalized treatment targeting inflammation. (Source: Neurotherapeutics)
Source: Neurotherapeutics - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
