Comparison of inner ear drug availability of combined treatment with systemic or local drug injections alone
This study showed that CT could deliver more drugs into the inner ear, and brought a longer therapeutic window, and were more effective than intravenous or transtympanic injection alone in the pharmacokinetics. (Source: Neuroscience Research)
Source: Neuroscience Research - July 11, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Allocentric Representations of Space in the Hippocampus
Publication date: Available online 2 July 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Teruko DanjoAbstractThe hippocampal-entorhinal system is essential for navigation and memory. The first description of spatially tuned place cell activity in area CA1 of the hippocampus suggested that spatial representations are not centered on self, but are rather allocentric. This idea is supported by extensive neurophysiological data, including temporally coordinated sequential activity during theta phase precession and sharp wave ripples. CA1 pyramidal neurons represent other information as well, such as objects, time, and events. Add...
Source: Neuroscience Research - July 3, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Comparison of inner ear drug availbability of combined treatment with systemic or local drug injections alone
This study showed that CT could deliver more drugs into the inner ear, and brought a longer therapeutic window, and were more effective than intravenous or transtympanic injection alone in the pharmacokinetics. (Source: Neuroscience Research)
Source: Neuroscience Research - July 3, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Prelim ii(edi board)
Publication date: August 2019Source: Neuroscience Research, Volume 145Author(s): (Source: Neuroscience Research)
Source: Neuroscience Research - July 2, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Repeated mild traumatic brain injury induces persistent variations in mitochondrial DNA copy number in mesocorticolimbic neurocircuitry of the rat
In this study, we observed regional variations in the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) in the MCL neurocircuitry. Although repeated MTBI (rMTBI) is known to cause mitochondrial dysfunction, the persistent changes in the mtDNAcn and its manifestations in 16S rRNA levels in the MCL neurocircuitry have not been investigated. Herein, we employed the closed head weight drop paradigm to induce rMTBI in rats. We analyzed the mtDNAcn and 16S rRNA levels in eight regions of the MCL neurocircuitry 48 hrs and 30 days after the rMTBI. The mtDNAcn in the prefrontal cortex, cortex, hippocampus, and ventral tegmental area (VTA) ...
Source: Neuroscience Research - June 29, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neonatal social isolation increases the proportion of the immature spines in the layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of the somatosensory cortex
In this study, we evaluated the possibility that environmental factors may induce alternation in spine characteristics and dynamics. We isolated mice from the mother and siblings from postnatal day 7 to 11 for 6 hours per day. Both dynamics and structural properties of spines in the layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of the somatosensory cortex were measured at postnatal 3 weeks by in vivo two-photon microscopy. We found decrease in the ratio of PSD-95-positive dendritic spines in the mice after social isolation. These mice did not show alteration in spine dynamics. Those results suggest that the neonatal social isolation resul...
Source: Neuroscience Research - June 20, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
An aromatic substance, eugenol induces distinct depressant effects on respiratory activity in different postnatal developmental stages of the rat
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Sayumi Kotani, Itaru Yazawa, Hiroshi Onimaru, Masahiko IzumizakiAbstractEugenol modulates neuronal activity through actions on voltage-gated ionic channels and/or transient receptor potential channels. We previously suggested that eugenol inhibited cellular (and/or network) mechanisms essential for the maintenance of the respiratory burst activity in a brainstem-spinal cord preparation from newborn rat (postnatal day 0–3). Study of the distinct effects of eugenol in neonatal and later developmental stage rats may offer new information ...
Source: Neuroscience Research - June 14, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Molecular drivers of human cerebral cortical evolution
Publication date: Available online 5 June 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Ikuo K. SuzukiAbstractOne of the most important questions in human evolutionary biology is how our ancestor has acquired an expanded volume of the cerebral cortex, which may have significantly impacted on improving our cognitive abilities. Recent comparative approaches have identified developmental features unique to the human or hominid cerebral cortex, not shared with other animals including conventional experimental models. In addition, genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic signatures associated with human- or hominid-specific proces...
Source: Neuroscience Research - June 6, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Prelim ii(edi board)
Publication date: July 2019Source: Neuroscience Research, Volume 144Author(s): (Source: Neuroscience Research)
Source: Neuroscience Research - May 31, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Nax-positive glial cells in the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis produce epoxyeicosatrienoic acids to induce water intake in response to increases in [Na+] in body fluids
Publication date: Available online 28 May 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Hiraki Sakuta, Chia-Hao Lin, Masaki Yamada, Yoshihiro Kita, Suzumi M. Tokuoka, Takao Shimizu, Masaharu NodaAbstractNax is a [Na+] sensor expressed in specific glial cells in the sensory circumventricular organs (sCVOs) in the brain. We recently demonstrated that Nax signals are involved in the control of not only salt intake but also water intake behavior. Our pharmacological experiments suggested that Nax signals led to activation of neurons bearing TRPV4 by using epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) as gliotransmitters to stimulate water in...
Source: Neuroscience Research - May 30, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Involvement of the retrosplenial cortex in the processing of the temporal aspect of episodic-like memory in rats
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Tomohiro Hayashi, Masashi Oguro, Nobuya SatoAbstractTo investigate the effects of retrosplenial cortex (RSC) lesions on episodic-like memory, we used four types of object recognition tasks. What task examined memory of object identities. Where task examined memory of object locations. When task examined memory of the temporal order of presented objects. Episodic task examined the integrated memory of the identity, location, and temporal order of presented objects. Rats with the RSC lesions preferred novel objects in the What and Where tas...
Source: Neuroscience Research - May 26, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Coffee polyphenols prevent cognitive dysfunction and suppress amyloid β plaques in APP/PS2 transgenic mouse
In conclusion, our results demonstrate that coffee polyphenols prevent cognitive deficits and reduce Aβ plaque deposition via disaggregation of Aβ in the APP/PS2 mouse. (Source: Neuroscience Research)
Source: Neuroscience Research - May 21, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Spinal CCL1/CCR8 regulates phosphorylation of GluA1-containing AMPA receptor in postoperative pain after tibial fracture and orthopedic surgery in mice
This study examined whether spinal CCL1 is associated with fracture-associated postoperative pain via AMPA receptor.We herein discovered that the tibial fracture with orthopedic surgery initiated and maintained chronic postoperative pain along with spinal up-regulation of CCL1/CCR8 expression and phosphorylation of GluA1-containing AMPA receptor. Central CCL1/CCR8 inhibition impaired mechanical and cold allodynia, and phosphorylated GluA1-containing AMPA receptor in the spinal dorsal horn. Intrathecal injection of GluA1-containing AMPA receptor antagonist NASPM alleviated fracture-related postoperative pain. Also, exogenou...
Source: Neuroscience Research - May 21, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Video-based assessments of the hind limb stepping in a mouse model of hemi-parkinsonism
Publication date: Available online 16 May 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Masatoshi Ogawa, Yu Zhou, Ryosuke Tsuji, Satoshi Goto, Jiro KasaharaAbstractUnilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is commonly used to generate a rodent model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although motor deficits of the lower extremities represent one of the major clinical symptoms in PD patients, validated tests for assessing motor impairments of the hind limb in 6-OHDA mice are currently unavailable. We here report the video-based assessments of the asymmetric use of hind limbs in 6-OHDA mice. A significantly decreased numb...
Source: Neuroscience Research - May 17, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Prelim ii(edi board)
Publication date: June 2019Source: Neuroscience Research, Volume 143Author(s): (Source: Neuroscience Research)
Source: Neuroscience Research - May 16, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
