Cerebellar transcranial alternating current stimulation modulates human gait rhythm
Publication date: Available online 5 December 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Satoko Koganemaru, Yusuke Mikami, Masao Matsuhashi, Dennis Q. Truong, Marom Bikson, Kenji Kansaku, Tatsuya MimaAbstractAlthough specific brain regions are important for regularly patterned limb movements, the rhythm generation system that governs bipedal locomotion in humans is not thoroughly understood. We investigated whether rhythmic transcranial brain stimulation over the cerebellum could alter walking rhythm. Fourteen healthy subjects performed over-ground walking for 10 min during which they were given, in a random order, tran...
Source: Neuroscience Research - December 6, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Hemodynamic responses related to intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in migraine
Publication date: Available online 29 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Masahiko Yamakawa, Atsumichi Tachibana, Muneto Tatsumoto, Katsunori Okajima, Shuichi Ueda, Koichi HirataAbstractTo clarify whether photoreception of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) is related to migraine, we investigated the relationship between hemodynamic responses related to neural activity and visual stimulation of ipRGCs. It has been established that photoreception in ipRGCs is associated with photophobia in migraine. However, the relationship between visual stimulation of ipRGCs and hemodynamic resp...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 30, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Resveratrol Reserved Hypoxia-Ischemia Induced Childhood Hippocampal Dysfunction and Neurogenesis via Improving Mitochondrial Dynamics
Publication date: Available online 29 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Hong Li, Xiao Li, Zhizhen Liu, Shirun Wu, Jinwei Guo, Ruiling Shi, Yuqing Sun, Yufei Wang, Huaiqing YinAbstractEarly life stress usually causes the abnormal brain development and results in the onset of cognitive and emotional disorders in later childhood. Neonatal hypoxic ischemia (HI) causes dramatic brain damage in early life and resulted in serious impairment to brain development. Hippocampal neurogenesis, as one of the key structural plasticity to mediate animal behaviors, can be impact by neonatal HI until child stage. In our s...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 30, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Phase Transitions of Brain Evolution That Produced Human Language and Beyond
Publication date: Available online 27 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Rafael Vieira Bretas, Yumiko Yamazaki, Atsushi IrikiAbstractThe brain capacity of human ancestors underwent two phase transitions, which were supported by preadaptations during the animal protolanguage period, resulting in the emergence of human language. The transitions were (1) the emergence of the primate cerebral cortex, with its unique characteristic of additional cortical areas together with size expansion, and (2) the replacement of natural selection as the main evolutionary mechanism by triadic niche construction, an interact...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 28, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Multimodal visual exploration disturbances in Parkinson’s disease detected with an infrared eye-movement assessment system
Publication date: Available online 9 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Kou Nagai, Yoshiyuki Kaneko, Masahiro Suzuki, Hiroko Teramoto, Akihiko Morita, Satoshi Kamei, Yusuke Watanabe, Masahiro Okada, Makoto UchiyamaAbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) reportedly show disturbed visual exploration. However, whether this disturbance is due to dysfunctional visual information processing remains unclear. To clarify the effects of PD on visual information processing when exploring for targets and to compare disease effects with aging effects, we used an infrared eye-movement assessment system. Cognitively normal P...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 25, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Mathematical Structures for Epilepsy: High-Frequency Oscillation and Interictal Epileptic Slow (Red Slow)
Publication date: Available online 20 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Takao Namiki, Ichiro Tsuda, Satoru Tadokoro, Shunsuke Kajikawa, Takeharu Kunieda, Riki Matsumoto, Masao Matsuhashi, Akio IkedaAbstractIn the present study, we attempted to characterize two characteristic features within the dynamic behavior of wideband electrocorticography data, which were recorded as the brain waves of epilepsy, comprising high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) and interictal epileptic slow (red slow). The results of power spectrum and nonlinear time series analysis indicate that, on one hand, HFOs at epileptic focus ar...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 21, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Voltage imaging with ANNINE dyes and two-photon microscopy of Purkinje dendrites in awake mice
Publication date: Available online 20 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Christopher J. Roome, Bernd KuhnAbstractVoltage imaging is the next generation of functional imaging in neuroscience. It promises to resolve neuronal activity 10 to 100-times faster than calcium imaging and to report not only supra but also subthreshold activity on a single cell or even subcellular level. Lately, several different voltage sensors and imaging techniques were published which can achieve this. Here, we focus on a technique based on the synthetic pure electrochromic voltage-sensitive dyes ANNINE-6 and ANNINE-6plus and th...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 21, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Prelim ii(edi board)
Publication date: December 2019Source: Neuroscience Research, Volume 149Author(s): (Source: Neuroscience Research)
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 14, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Gait-synchronized oscillatory brain stimulation modulates common neural drives to ankle muscles in patients after stroke: a pilot study
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Ryosuke Kitatani, Satoko Koganemaru, Ayaka Maeda, Yusuke Mikami, Masao Matsuhashi, Tatsuya Mima, Shigehito YamadaAbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of gait intervention with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) synchronized with gait cycle frequency on the cortical control of muscle activity during gait, using coherence analyses, in patients after stroke. Eight chronic post-stroke patients participated in a single-blinded crossover study, and 7 patients completed the long-term interven...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 12, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neuromagnetic correlates of hemispheric specialization for face and word recognition
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Saeko Inamizu, Emi Yamada, Katsuya Ogata, Taira Uehara, Jun-ichi Kira, Shozo TobimatsuAbstractThe adult human brain appears to have specialized and independent neural systems for the visual processing of faces and words: greater selectivity for faces in the right hemisphere (RH) while greater selectivity for words in the left hemisphere (LH). Nevertheless, the nature of functional differences between the hemispheres is still largely unknown. To elucidate the hemispheric specialization for face and word recognition, event-related magn...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 12, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Triad TMS of the human motor cortex
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Ritsuko Hanajima, Yoshikazu UgawaAbstractUsually, cortical rhythmic activities are studied with local field potentials. To overcome small amplitude of EEGs easily disturbed by several factors, we developed a new method to study motor cortical rhythm using Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We, here, review triad-conditioning TMS technique for investigating the intrinsic rhythm of the human primary motor cortex (M1). MEP was recorded from the first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI). TMS was appli...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 12, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Is learning scale-free? Chemistry learning increases EEG fractal power and changes the power law exponent
Publication date: Available online 10 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Amanda Bongers, Alison B. Flynn, Georg NorthoffAbstractLearning in chemistry and other areas of science involves developing one’s mental models of invisible processes and manipulating temporal and spatial domains during visual information processing. While some aspects learning have been well studied by EEG (e.g., theta and gamma oscillations), the role of spontaneous and scale-free brain activity remains unclear. We used a continuous chemistry learning EEG paradigm to explore how scale-free brain activity is related learning. We f...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 11, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Resveratrol suppresses nociceptive jaw-opening reflex via 5HT3 receptor-mediated GABAergic inhibition
Publication date: Available online 9 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Kounosuke Hirata, Yuto Nishiki, Ryosuke Goto, Mikito Inagaki, Katsuo Oshima, Yoshihito Shimazu, Mamoru TakedaAbstractSystemic administration of the dietary constituent, resveratrol, was previously shown to inhibit the nociceptive jaw-opening reflex (JOR) via the endogenous opioid system. The present study investigated whether resveratrol could similarly affect the JOR under in vivo conditions via 5 H T3 receptor-mediated GABAergic inhibition. We used electrical stimulation of the tongue in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats to evoke ...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 11, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The behavioral paradigm to induce repeated social defeats in zebrafish
Publication date: Available online 8 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Haruna Nakajo, Takashi Tsuboi, Hitoshi OkamotoAbstractSocial subordination, which causes severe stress in animals, can affect animal’s behaviors, homeostasis, and mental health. In rodents, experiences of repeated social defeats, but not a single defeat, induce a depression-like state. However, it is unclear whether such experiences similarly affect behaviors of other model animals than rodents. Here, we established a behavioral paradigm for repeated social defeats with zebrafish, an emerging model for behavioral neuroscience and ph...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 9, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
X-irradiation of developing hippocampal neurons causes changes in neuron population phenotypes, dendritic morphology and synaptic protein expression in surviving neurons at maturity
Publication date: Available online 8 November 2019Source: Neuroscience ResearchAuthor(s): Anggraeini Puspitasari, Hiroyuki Yamazaki, Hidemasa Kawamura, Takashi Nakano, Akihisa Takahashi, Tomoaki Shirao, Kathryn D HeldAbstractThe effects of X-irradiation on developing neurons and their functions are unclear. We used primary cultures of mouse hippocampal neurons to investigate the effects of X-irradiation on cell death in developing neurons by analyzing caspase-3, MAP2 and DAPI-labeled cells, and the phenotypes and function of surviving neurons, by examining GAD67-positive cells as a GABAergic marker, and the synaptic marker...
Source: Neuroscience Research - November 9, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
