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Predictive Value of Upper Limb Muscles and Grasp Patterns on Functional Outcome in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Conclusion. Prediction of upper limb function can be achieved through a combination of defined, specific upper limb muscles assessed in the ISNCSCI and GRASSP. A combination of a limited number of proximal and distal muscles along with an assessment of grasping movements can be applied for clinical decision making for rehabilitation interventions and clinical trials. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - April 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Velstra, I.-M., Bolliger, M., Krebs, J., Rietman, J. S., Curt, A. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

The Effect of Lesion Size on the Organization of the Ipsilesional and Contralesional Motor Cortex
Recovery of hand function following lesions in the primary motor cortex (M1) is associated with a reorganization of premotor areas in the ipsilesional hemisphere, and this reorganization depends on the size of the lesion. It is not clear how lesion size affects motor representations in the contralesional hemisphere and how the effects in the 2 hemispheres compare. Our goal was to study how lesion size affects motor representations in the ipsilesional and contralesional hemispheres. In rats, we induced lesions of different sizes in the caudal forelimb area (CFA), the equivalent of M1. The effective lesion volume in each ani...
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - February 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Touvykine, B., Mansoori, B. K., Jean-Charles, L., Deffeyes, J., Quessy, S., Dancause, N. Tags: Basic Research Article Source Type: research

Success of Anomia Treatment in Aphasia Is Associated With Preserved Architecture of Global and Left Temporal Lobe Structural Networks
Conclusions. Preservation of global and left temporal structural connectivity broadly explains the variability in treatment-related naming improvement in aphasia. These findings corroborate and expand on previous classical lesion-symptom mapping studies by elucidating some of the mechanisms by which brain damage may relate to treated aphasia recovery. Favorable naming outcomes may result from the intact connections between spared cortical areas that are functionally responsive to treatment. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - February 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Bonilha, L., Gleichgerrcht, E., Nesland, T., Rorden, C., Fridriksson, J. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Choice of Human-Computer Interaction Mode in Stroke Rehabilitation
Conclusions. Motor performances during the AR game were superior to those during the PC game. This result is due in part to the greater cognitive demands imposed by the PC game, a feature problematic for some patients but clinically useful for others. Mode of human–computer interface influences rehabilitation therapy demands and can be individualized for patients. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - February 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Mousavi Hondori, H., Khademi, M., Dodakian, L., McKenzie, A., Lopes, C. V., Cramer, S. C. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Exploring the Evolution of Cortical Excitability Following Acute Stroke
Conclusions. The current study has demonstrated that evolution of intracortical excitability, particularly over the contralesional hemisphere, may vary between patients with differing baseline stroke and clinical characteristics, suggesting that ongoing contralesional network recruitment may be necessary for those patients who have significant disruptions to the integrity of ipsilesional motor pathways. Results from the present series have implications for the development of neuromodulatory brain stimulation protocols to harness and thereby facilitate stroke recovery. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - February 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Huynh, W., Vucic, S., Krishnan, A. V., Lin, C. S.-Y., Kiernan, M. C. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Spinal Rhythm Generation by Step-Induced Feedback and Transcutaneous Posterior Root Stimulation in Complete Spinal Cord-Injured Individuals
Conclusions. The data suggest that the rhythmic motor patterns generated by the imposed stepping were responses of spinal reflex circuits to the cyclic sensory feedback. Tonic 30-Hz tSCS provided for additional excitation and engaged spinal rhythm-generating networks. The synergistic effects of these rhythm-generating mechanisms suggest that tSCS in combination with treadmill training might augment rehabilitation outcomes after severe spinal cord injury. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - February 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Minassian, K., Hofstoetter, U. S., Danner, S. M., Mayr, W., Bruce, J. A., McKay, W. B., Tansey, K. E. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Cortical Silent Period Reveals Differences Between Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia and Muscle Tension Dysphonia
Conclusion. There are differences in cortical excitability between AdSD, MTD, and healthy controls. These differences in the cortical measure of both the FDI and masseter muscles in AdSD suggest widespread dysfunction of the GABAB mechanism may be a pathophysiologic feature of AdSD, similar to other forms of focal dystonia. Further exploration of the use of TMS to assist in the differential diagnosis of AdSD and MTD is warranted. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - February 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Samargia, S., Schmidt, R., Kimberley, T. J. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Faster Reaching in Chronic Spastic Stroke Patients Comes at the Expense of Arm-Trunk Coordination
Conclusions. Faster speed may encourage some patients to use compensation. Individual indications for therapy could be based on a quantitative analysis of reaching coordination. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - February 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Mandon, L., Boudarham, J., Robertson, J., Bensmail, D., Roche, N., Roby-Brami, A. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Quantification of Lower Extremity Kinesthesia Deficits Using a Robotic Exoskeleton in People With a Spinal Cord Injury
Conclusions. Our findings demonstrated that lower limb kinesthesia deficits are common in the SCI population and highlighted the importance of valid and reliable tools to monitor sensory function. Future studies need to examine changes in sensory function in response to therapy. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - February 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Chisholm, A. E., Domingo, A., Jeyasurya, J., Lam, T. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Clinical and Psychometric Evaluations of the Cerebral Vision Screening Questionnaire in 461 Nonaphasic Individuals Poststroke
Conclusion. The CVSQ is suitable for the anamnesis of CVD poststroke because of its brevity (10 minute), clinical validity, and good psychometric qualities. It, thus, improves neurovisual diagnosis and guides the clinician in the selection of necessary assessments and appropriate neurovisual therapies for the patient. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - February 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Neumann, G., Schaadt, A.-K., Reinhart, S., Kerkhoff, G. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Simplicity-Tenacity in Stroke Rehabilitation
(Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - January 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Carey, J. R. Tags: Images in Neurorehabilitation Source Type: research

Enhanced Motor Recovery After Stroke With Combined Cortical Stimulation and Rehabilitative Training Is Dependent on Infarct Location
Conclusions. The efficacy of CS for enhancing motor recovery after stroke may depend in part on the extent and location of the ischemic infarct. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - January 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Boychuk, J. A., Schwerin, S. C., Thomas, N., Roger, A., Silvera, G., Liverpool, M., Adkins, D. L., Kleim, J. A. Tags: Basic Research Articles Source Type: research

Effects of Subdural Monopolar Cortical Stimulation Paired With Rehabilitative Training on Behavioral and Neurophysiological Recovery After Cortical Ischemic Stroke in Adult Squirrel Monkeys
Conclusions. Results suggest that the specific parameters utilized here were not optimal for promoting behavioral recovery in nonhuman primates. Though CS/RT has consistently shown efficacy in rat stroke models, the present finding has cautionary implications for translation of CS/RT therapy to clinical populations. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - January 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Plautz, E. J., Barbay, S., Frost, S. B., Zoubina, E. V., Stowe, A. M., Dancause, N., Eisner-Janowicz, I., Bury, S. D., Taylor, M. D., Nudo, R. J. Tags: Basic Research Articles Source Type: research

Cortical Stimulation Concurrent With Skilled Motor Training Improves Forelimb Function and Enhances Motor Cortical Reorganization Following Controlled Cortical Impact
Conclusions. These data suggest that CS may be useful for improving rehabilitation efficacy after TBI but also raise the possibility that the CS parameters that are highly effective following stroke are suboptimal after moderate/severe TBI. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - January 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Jefferson, S. C., Clayton, E. R., Donlan, N. A., Kozlowski, D. A., Jones, T. A., Adkins, D. L. Tags: Basic Research Articles Source Type: research

Enduring Poststroke Motor Functional Improvements by a Well-Timed Combination of Motor Rehabilitative Training and Cortical Stimulation in Rats
Conclusion. CS can enhance the persistence, as well as the magnitude of RT-driven functional improvements, but its effectiveness in doing so may vary with time postinfarct. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - January 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: OBryant, A. J., Adkins, D. L., Sitko, A. A., Combs, H. L., Nordquist, S. K., Jones, T. A. Tags: Basic Research Articles Source Type: research