The Epileptic Heart and the Case for Routine Use of the Electrocardiogram in Patients with Chronic Epilepsy
A dire complication associated with chronic epilepsy is abrupt premature death, currently referred to as sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Although the traditional view has been that SUDEP is due primarily to peri-ictal respiratory failure leading to cardiac asystole, mounting evidence implicates accelerated heart disease, leading to an “epileptic heart” condition, especially after age 40, as another potential cause of abrupt premature death, although cardiac death is specifically excluded by the standard definition of SUDEP. Sudden cardiac death in epilepsy carries a 2.8-fold greater risk than in the genera...
Source: Neurologic Clinics - June 28, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Richard L. Verrier, Trudy D. Pang, Bruce D. Nearing, Steven C. Schachter Source Type: research

Imaging of Painful Ophthalmologic Disorders
Cross-sectional imaging with computed tomography (CT) and MRI are diagnostic examinations useful in the diagnosis of painful ophthalmologic disorders and their potential complications. CT is a first-line imaging study for suspected orbital infections, particularly useful in differentiating preseptal cellulitis and orbital cellulitis and detecting complications such as orbital abscess. When compared with CT, MRI is better for orbital soft tissue evaluation, particularly useful for optic neuritis, ocular diseases such as endophthalmitis, and invasive fungal rhinosinusitis with orbital involvement. CT angiography is the prefe...
Source: Neurologic Clinics - June 27, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Blair A. Winegar Source Type: research

Imaging of Headache
Headache is one of the most common presenting symptoms in clinical practice. As per World Health Organization criteria, it is one of the 10 most debilitating conditions in the world with respect to days lost from employment. The use of neuroimaging in patients with headaches is growing. Imaging in headaches has increased from 17.5% to 33.3% per visit from 1996 to 2014. The overuse of imaging modalities for the evaluation of patients with headaches has posed a potential risk to the patient and to society in a resource-limited health care system. (Source: Neurologic Clinics)
Source: Neurologic Clinics - June 24, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Sangam Kanekar Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Neurosurgery for Neurologists
This issue of Neurology Clinics is dedicated to exploring critical clinical links between neurology and neurosurgery. Because both specialties focus on disorders of the nervous system, there are obvious areas of collaboration and numerous opportunities for productive synergism. This issue describes the more common interfaces between the specialties, including epilepsy, intraoperative monitoring, cerebrovascular treatment, neuro-oncology, and neuro-critical care. We hope to provide pithy updates on topics not typically managed by a neurologist but are clinical points of intersection between specialties and are associated wi...
Source: Neurologic Clinics - April 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Daniel K. Resnick, Russell R. Lonser Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Neurosurgery for Neurologists
NEUROLOGIC CLINICS (Source: Neurologic Clinics)
Source: Neurologic Clinics - April 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Daniel K. Resnick, Russell R. Lonser Source Type: research

Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Neurologic Clinics)
Source: Neurologic Clinics - April 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Contributors
RANDOLPH W. EVANS, MD (Source: Neurologic Clinics)
Source: Neurologic Clinics - April 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Contents
Daniel K. Resnick and Russell R. Lonser (Source: Neurologic Clinics)
Source: Neurologic Clinics - April 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Imaging of Headache (Source: Neurologic Clinics)
Source: Neurologic Clinics - April 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurosurgery for the Neurologist: Peripheral Nerve Injury and Compression (What can be Fixed?)
This chapter will review the current management of patients with peripheral nerve injuries and nerve compression syndromes that result in favorable surgical outcomes when appropriately evaluated and referred in a timely fashion. Given the fact that neurologists frequently evaluate patients with these conditions and refer patients to neurosurgeons, it is important for them to be aware of the indications for, types and timing of surgical procedures, and expected outcomes with the various types of interventions. (Source: Neurologic Clinics)
Source: Neurologic Clinics - March 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Megan M. Jack, Brandon W. Smith, Robert J. Spinner Source Type: research

Surgery, Stereotactic Radiosurgery, and Systemic Therapy in the Management of Operable Brain Metastasis
Brain metastasis represents the most common intracranial tumor. Surgery has a key role in patients with an unknown primary, solitary site, large intracranial lesion, or those with neurologic symptomatology due to associated vasogenic edema and mass effect. There is also a resurgence in interest in biopsy or resection in patients with actionable alterations with discordant responses to targeted therapy or those proceeding to immunotherapy to reduce corticosteroid requirements. Moreover, advancements in radiotherapy have led to several options in patients with resectable brain metastasis including postoperative whole-brain r...
Source: Neurologic Clinics - March 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Rupesh Kotecha, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia, Vitaly Siomin, Michael W. McDermott Source Type: research

Surgical Neuro-Oncology
Gliomas are the most common intrinsic brain tumor in adults. Although maximal tumor resection improves survival, this must be balanced with preservation of neurologic function. Technological advancements have greatly expanded our ability to safely maximize tumor resection and design innovative therapeutic trials that take advantage of intracavitary delivery of therapeutic agents after resection. In this article, we review the role of surgical intervention for both low-grade and high-grade gliomas and the innovations that are driving and expanding the role of surgery in this therapeutically challenging group of malignancies...
Source: Neurologic Clinics - March 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Dana Mitchell, Jack M. Shireman, Mahua Dey Source Type: research

Degenerative Spine Disorders and Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that results in demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). MS affects as many as 350,000 individuals in the United States and commonly presents before the age of 45 years. Patients with MS, as the general population, are likely to encounter degenerative changes of the spine as they age, and this can pose a unique challenge to both patients with MS and physicians, as both conditions can have a great deal of symptomatic overlap despite stark differences in management. Currently there is no definitive approach that allows physicians to distinguish between t...
Source: Neurologic Clinics - March 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Kyle McGrath, Jonathan Lee, Michael Steinmetz Source Type: research

Update on Spinal Fusion
Spinal fusion is frequently performed for a variety of indications. It is performed to treat instability due to trauma, infection, or neoplasm. It may be used to treat regional or global spinal deformity. There are even occasions when it is appropriate as a treatment of low back pain without overt instability or deformity. One common indication for fusion is as an adjunct to decompression for patients with neurogenic claudication or radiculopathy caused by stenosis associated with spondylolisthesis. There have been a number of high-quality publications in high-quality journals that have reported conflicting results regardi...
Source: Neurologic Clinics - March 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Daniel K. Resnick, Bradley T. Schmidt Source Type: research

Intraoperative Monitoring for Spinal Surgery
The use of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) can improve surgical outcomes. Although inclusion of IONM is considered standard practice in more complicated spine surgeries, there are no national-level guidelines for the usage of IONM in spine surgery. Technical advancement in IONM has increased both its sensitivity and specificity, and with a recently developed algorithmic checklist it can be more easily adopted by the surgical team in their practice. (Source: Neurologic Clinics)
Source: Neurologic Clinics - March 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Nitin Agarwal, Saman Shabani, Jeremy Huang, Alma Rechav Ben-Natan, Praveen V. Mummaneni Source Type: research