Pediatric Head and Neck Imaging
Children are NOT little adults! This adage succinctly summarizes why we decided to have an issue for Neuroimaging Clinics devoted to pediatric head and neck. I often joke that head and neck studies are frequently left for those radiologists who are on an exotic vacation or a lavish meeting …and it is even more true for pediatric head studies, which require a unique understanding of embryology, developing anatomy, and unique pathologic conditions. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - August 4, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Suresh K. Mukherji Tags: Foreword Source Type: research
Pathology of Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System
Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a rare and potentially severe form of vasculitis that is limited to the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. Despite extensive research, the etiology and underlying immunologic mechanisms of PACNS remain largely unknown. PACNS presents with a variety of clinical, radiological, and pathologic features, but it is generally characterized by inflammation and destruction of the walls of blood vessels in the CNS, which can lead to tissue ischemia and/or hemorrhage. Three main histopathologic patterns have been identified, namely granulomatous, lymphocytic, and necrotizing va...
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - July 30, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Selima Siala, Nabil Rahoui, Benjamin Cho, Carlos Zamora Source Type: research
Imaging of Pediatric Cervical Lymphadenopathy
There is a wide variety of disease entities in children, which can present with cervical adenopathy. The spectrum of pathology and imaging appearance differs in many cases from that seen in adults. This review aims to compare the strengths and limitations of the various imaging modalities available to image pediatric patients presenting with cervical adenopathy, provide guidance on when to image, and highlight the imaging appearance of both common and uncommon disorders affecting the cervical nodes in children to aid the radiologist in their clinical practice. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - July 19, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Jennifer A. Vaughn Source Type: research
Non-Syndromic Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Children
Pediatric hearing loss is common with significant consequences in terms of language, communication, social and emotional development, and academic advancement. Radiological imaging provides useful information regarding hearing loss etiology, prognosis, therapeutic options, and potential surgical pitfalls. This review provides an overview of temporal bone imaging protocols, an outline of the classification of inner ear anomalies associated with sensorineural hearing loss and illustrates some of the more frequently encountered and/or important causes of non-syndromic hearing loss. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - July 11, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Caroline D. Robson, Martin Lewis, Felice D ’Arco Source Type: research
Conductive Hearing Loss in Children
A variety of congenital and acquired disorders result in pediatric conductive hearing loss. Malformations of the external auditory canal are invariably associated with malformations of the middle ear space and ossicles. Isolated ossicular malformations are uncommon. Syndromes associated with external and middle ear malformations are frequently associated with abnormal development of first and second pharyngeal arch derivatives. Chronic inflammatory disorders include cholesteatoma, cholesterol granuloma, and tympanosclerosis. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - July 11, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Caroline D. Robson Source Type: research
Neuroimaging of Ocular Abnormalities in Children
In this article, we will discuss the essential MR imaging protocol required for the assessment of ocular abnormalities including malignancies. Then we will describe relevant anatomy, ocular embryogenesis, and genetics to establish a profound understanding of pathophysiology of the congenital ocular malformations. Finally, we will discuss pediatric ocular malignancies, benign mimics, and the most common congenital ocular malformations with case examples and illustrations and give tips on how to distinguish these entities on neuroimaging. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - July 7, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Berna Aygun, Asthik Biswas, Ajay Taranath, Harun Yildiz, Sri Gore, Kshitij Mankad Source Type: research
Infectious and Inflammatory Processes of the Orbits in Children
Most primary orbital pathology in children is due to bacterial infection. Radiologists typically encounter these cases to evaluate for clinically suspected postseptal orbital involvement. Contrast-enhanced cross-sectional imaging is important for the detection and early management of orbital infection and associated subperiosteal/orbital abscess, venous thrombosis, and intracranial spread of infection. Benign mass-like inflammatory processes involving the pediatric orbit are rare, have overlapping imaging features, and must be distinguished from orbital malignancies. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - July 6, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Julie B. Guerin, Michael C. Brodsky, V. Michelle Silvera Source Type: research
Pediatric Odontogenic and Paranasal Sinus Infections
This article reviews the general imaging considerations and anatomy relevant to odontogenic and paranasal sinus infections and describes the salient clinical and imaging features of infectious diseases of the dentition and sinuss. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - July 6, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Rebekah Clarke Source Type: research
Syndromic Hearing Loss in Children
Pattern recognition of specific temporal bone radiological phenotypes, in association with abnormalities in other organ systems, is critical in the diagnosis and management of syndromic causes of hearing loss. Several recent publications have demonstrated the presence of specific radiological appearances, allowing precise genetic and/or syndromic diagnosis, in the right clinical context. This review article aims to provide an extensive but practical guide to the radiologist dealing with syndromic causes of hearing loss. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - July 4, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Martin Lewis, Caroline D. Robson, Felice D ‘Arco Source Type: research
Extraocular Orbital and Peri-Orbital Masses
In this article, we will describe relevant anatomy and imaging findings of extraocular and orbital rim pathologic conditions. We will highlight important clinical and imaging pearls that help in differentiating these lesions from one another, and provide a few practical tips for challenging cases. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - July 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Asthik Biswas, Oi Yean Wong, Berna Aygun, Sri Gore, Kshitij Mankad Source Type: research
Congenital Cystic Neck Masses
Congenital cystic masses are commonly encountered when imaging a patient presenting with a neck mass. Congenital cysts are present at birth; however, these cysts may not present until later in life with some growing slowly and others rapidly increasing in size due to hemorrhage of infection. A neonatal presentation is rare but when present may allow a narrower differential diagnosis. Imaging plays a significant role in defining a lesion as cystic, assessing location, and directing the next step in evaluation and or intervention. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - June 27, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Timothy N. Booth Source Type: research
Solid and Vascular Neck Masses in Children
This article reviews the clinical presentation and imaging patterns of pediatric solid and vascular neck masses. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - June 27, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Mark D. Mamlouk Source Type: research
Common Neck and Otomastoid Infections in Children
Neck infections are common in children, though the clinical presentation is often vague and nonspecific. Therefore, imaging plays a key role in identifying the site and extent of infections, evaluating for potentially drainable collections, and assessing for airway and vascular complications. This review focuses on imaging features associated with common and characteristic neck infections in children to include tonsillar, retropharyngeal, and otomastoid infections; suppurative adenopathy; superimposed inflammation or infection of congenital cystic lesions; and Lemierre syndrome. (Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - June 27, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: William T. O ’Brien Source Type: research
The Role of 3D Printing in Treatment Planning of Spine and Sacral Tumors
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has proven to have many advantages in spine and sacrum surgery. 3D printing allows the manufacturing of life-size patient-specific anatomic and pathologic models to improve preoperative understanding of patient anatomy and pathology. Additionally, virtual surgical planning using medical computer-aided design software has enabled surgeons to create patient-specific surgical plans and simulate procedures in a virtual environment. This has resulted in reduced operative times, decreased complications, and improved patient outcomes. Combined with new surgical techniques, 3D-printed cus...
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - June 24, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Jonathan M. Morris, Adam Wentworth, Matthew T. Houdek, S. Mohammed Karim, Michelle J. Clarke, David J. Daniels, Peter S. Rose Source Type: research
CME Accreditation Page
(Source: Neuroimaging Clinics)
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - June 24, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
