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Dynamics and epitope specificity of anti-human leukocyte antibodies following renal allograft nephrectomy
Conclusions Both Nx and WD-MIS contribute to alloimmunization with differing patterns concerning class I and II HLAabs. Nx preferentially increased class I HLAabs and most of the observed class I HLAabs were DESA. Considering that class I, but not class II, HLA molecules are constitutively expressed, our results support the hypothesis that the increase of HLAabs following Nx might have been caused by removal of the adsorbing donor tissue (sponge hypothesis). (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lachmann, N., Schönemann, C., El-Awar, N., Everly, M., Budde, K., Terasaki, P. I., Waiser, J. Tags: Renal Transplantation Source Type: research

Deceased donor kidney transplantation across donor-specific antibody barriers: predictors of antibody-mediated rejection
Conclusions IA-based desensitization failed to prevent ABMR in a considerable number of DSA+ recipients. Assessing DSA MFI may help stratify risk of rejection, supporting its use as a guide to organ allocation and individualized treatment. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Schwaiger, E., Eskandary, F., Kozakowski, N., Bond, G., Kikic, Z., Yoo, D., Rasoul-Rockenschaub, S., Oberbauer, R., Böhmig, G. A. Tags: Renal Transplantation Source Type: research

Effect of a sustained difference in hemodialytic clearance on the plasma levels of p-cresol sulfate and indoxyl sulfate
Conclusions These findings suggest that an increase in PCS generation prevents plasma levels from falling when the dialytic clearance is increased. Suppression of solute generation may be required to reduce plasma PCS levels in dialysis patients. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Camacho, O., Rosales, M. C., Shafi, T., Fullman, J., Plummer, N. S., Meyer, T. W., Sirich, T. L. Tags: Intra- and Extracorporeal Treatments of Kidney Failure Source Type: research

Effects of citrate dialysate in chronic dialysis: a multicentre randomized crossover study
Conclusions It can be confirmed that CiDi is not associated with the development of severe calcium and acid–base disorders, even when dialysis modalities with higher citrate loads are used. However, a refinement of the CiDi composition to minimize AEs is necessary. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Schmitz, M., Loke, O., Fach, B., Kalb, K., Heering, P. J., Meinke, D., Rawer, P., Galle, J., Kozik-Jaromin, J. Tags: Intra- and Extracorporeal Treatments of Kidney Failure Source Type: research

Dialysis modality and nutritional status are associated with variability of inflammatory markers
Conclusions Circulating concentrations as well as variability of IL-6 and CRP levels were higher in HD as compared with PD patients. In HD and PD patients, short-term variability of IL-6 and CRP levels associated strongly with PEW, while comorbidity was related to IL-6 but not to CRP variability. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Snaedal, S., Qureshi, A. R., Lund, S. H., Germanis, G., Hylander, B., Heimbürger, O., Carrero, J. J., Stenvinkel, P., Barany, P. Tags: Intra- and Extracorporeal Treatments of Kidney Failure Source Type: research

Examining the robustness of the obesity paradox in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a marginal structural model analysis
Conclusions The linear inverse relationship between BMI and mortality is robust across models including MSM analyses that more completely account for time-varying confounders and biases. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Doshi, M., Streja, E., Rhee, C. M., Park, J., Ravel, V. A., Soohoo, M., Moradi, H., Lau, W. L., Mehrotra, R., Kuttykrishnan, S., Kovesdy, C. P., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Chen, J. L. T. Tags: Intra- and Extracorporeal Treatments of Kidney Failure Source Type: research

Effects of an intradialytic resistance training programme on physical function: a prospective stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial
Conclusion Intradialytic resistance training can improve the physical function of people receiving dialysis. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bennett, P. N., Fraser, S., Barnard, R., Haines, T., Ockerby, C., Street, M., Wang, W. C., Daly, R. Tags: Intra- and Extracorporeal Treatments of Kidney Failure Source Type: research

Increased risk of glomerular hyperfiltration in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and newly diagnosed diabetes
Conclusions High glucose states increase hyperfiltration risk. In addition to newly diagnosed diabetes, excessively high GFR also deserves attention in subjects with IGT. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Sun, Z.-J., Yang, Y.-C., Wu, J.-S., Wang, M.-C., Chang, C.-J., Lu, F.-H. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Renal hemodynamic effects of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Conclusions Four weeks of therapy with simvastatin did not change renal blood flow in the study subjects with ADPKD with mild-to-moderate renal dysfunction or in healthy volunteers. Clinical Trial Registration Number NCT02511418. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Zand, L., Torres, V. E., Larson, T. S., King, B. F., Sethi, S., Bergstralh, E. J., Angioi, A., Fervenza, F. C. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

The impact of dialysis on the survival of patients with immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation
Conclusions The study found significant differences in the OS depending on when the acute renal failure occurred. Patients who required dialysis within 30 days of ASCT had the highest rate of TRM. Screening with serum albumin and eGFR may reduce the risk. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Leung, N., Kumar, S. K., Glavey, S. V., Dispenzieri, A., Lacy, M. Q., Buadi, F. K., Hayman, S. R., Dingli, D., Kapoor, P., Zeldenrust, S. R., Russell, S. J., Lust, J. A., Hogan, W. J., Rajkumar, S. V., Gastineau, D. A., Kourelis, T. V., Lin, Y., Gonsalves Tags: Acute Kidney Injury Source Type: research

Targeted sequencing of 96 renal developmental microRNAs in 1213 individuals from 980 families with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract
Conclusions Our results indicate that mutations affecting mature microRNAs in individuals with CAKUT are rare and thus most likely not a common cause of CAKUT in humans. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kohl, S., Chen, J., Vivante, A., Hwang, D.-Y., Shril, S., Dworschak, G. C., Van Der Ven, A., Sanna-Cherchi, S., Bauer, S. B., Lee, R. S., Soliman, N. A., Kehinde, E. O., Reutter, H. M., Tasic, V., Hildebrandt, F. Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research

Endurance exercise and growth hormone improve bone formation in young and growth-retarded chronic kidney disease rats
Conclusions Treadmill exercise improves tibial bone linear growth, as well as growth plate local IGF-I. When combined with GH treatment, running exercise shows beneficial effects on trabecular bone formation, suggesting the potential benefit of this combination for CKD-related short stature and bone disease. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Troib, A., Guterman, M., Rabkin, R., Landau, D., Segev, Y. Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research

Immunosuppression in the failing and failed transplant kidney: optimizing outcomes
There is little data to guide clinicians on the optimal management of immunosuppression in patients whose kidney transplant has failed and who have returned to dialysis. Nor is there robust data on whether to perform a transplant nephrectomy. Finally, management of late stage chronic kidney disease, including deciding on dialysis initiation, modality and access planning, must occur simultaneously with efforts aimed at preserving the failing kidney and residual renal function for as long as possible. In this article, we will review the evidence on these topics and suggest areas for improvement. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kassakian, C. T., Ajmal, S., Gohh, R. Y., Morrissey, P. E., Bayliss, G. P. Tags: REVIEWS - CLINICAL SCIENCE AND OUTCOME RESEARCH IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Cost of renal replacement: how to help as many as possible while keeping expenses reasonable?
The treatment of kidney diseases consumes a substantial amount of the health budget for a relatively small fraction of the overall population. If the nephrological community and society do not develop mechanisms to contain those costs, it will become impossible to continue assuring optimal outcomes and quality of life while treating all patients who need it. In this article, we describe several mechanisms to maintain sustainability of renal replacement therapy. These include (i) encouragement of transplantation after both living and deceased donation; (ii) stimulation of alternative dialysis strategies besides classical ho...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Vanholder, R., Lameire, N., Annemans, L., Van Biesen, W. Tags: REVIEWS - CLINICAL SCIENCE AND OUTCOME RESEARCH IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

How much can the tubule regenerate and who does it? An open question
The tubular compartment of the kidney is the primary site of a wide range of insults that can result in acute kidney injury (AKI), a condition associated with high mortality and an increased risk to develop end-stage renal disease. Nevertheless, kidney function is often quickly recovered after tubular injury. How this happens has only partially been unveiled. Indeed, although it has clearly been demonstrated that regenerated epithelial cells arise from survived intratubular cells, the true entity, as well as the cellular source of this regenerative process, remains mostly unknown. Is whichever proximal tubular epithelial c...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lombardi, D., Becherucci, F., Romagnani, P. Tags: REVIEWS - BASIC SCIENCE AND TRANSLATIONAL NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research