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Protective role of mouse IgG1 in cryoglobulinaemia; insights from an animal model and relevance to human pathology
Strait et al. described a novel mouse model of cryoglobulinaemia by challenging mice deficient in the immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 subclass (1– mice) with goat anti-mouse IgD [5]. The phenotype of wild-type mice was not remarkable, whereas 1– mice developed IgG3 anti-goat IgG cryoglobulins as well as severe and lethal glomerulonephritis. Renal phenotype could not be rescued in 1– mice by the deletion of C3, fragment crystalline receptor (FcR) or J chain. On the other hand, early injection of IgG1, IgG2a or IgG2b inhibited the pathogenic effects of IgG3 in an antigen-dependent manner even in the absence of the Fc...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chemouny, J. M., Hurtado-Nedelec, M., Flament, H., Ben Mkaddem, S., Daugas, E., Vrtovsnik, F., Berthelot, L., Monteiro, R. C. Tags: REVIEWS - BASIC SCIENCE AND TRANSLATIONAL NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Moderator's view: Higher serum bicarbonate in dialysis patients is protective
Several observational studies have reported an association between higher serum bicarbonate level and high mortality risk in dialysis patients. However, in such studies mere discovery of associations does not allow one to infer causal relationships. This association may be related to inadequate dietary protein intake that may lead to less acid generation and hence a higher serum bicarbonate level. Since undernutrition is a strong predictor of death in hemodialysis patients, the observed association may be an epiphenomenon and not a biologically plausible relationship. Higher protein and fluid intake between two subsequent ...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kalantar-Zadeh, K. Tags: POLAR VIEWS IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Opponent's comments
(Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Misra, M. Tags: POLAR VIEWS IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Con: Higher serum bicarbonate in dialysis patients is protective
Metabolic acidosis is often observed in advanced chronic kidney disease, with deleterious consequences on the nutritional status, bone and mineral status, inflammation and mortality. Through clearance of the daily acid load and a net gain in alkaline buffers, dialysis therapy is aimed at correcting metabolic acidosis. A normal bicarbonate serum concentration is the recommended target in dialysis patients. However, several studies have shown that a mild degree of metabolic acidosis in patients treated with dialysis is associated with better nutritional status, higher protein intake and improved survival. Conversely, a high ...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chauveau, P., Rigothier, C., Combe, C. Tags: POLAR VIEWS IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Opponent's comments
(Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chauveau, P., Rigothier, C., Combe, C. Tags: POLAR VIEWS IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Pro: Higher serum bicarbonate in dialysis patients is protective
This article examines the available data with regard to the benefits of higher predialysis serum bicarbonate. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Misra, M. Tags: POLAR VIEWS IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Lack of evidence does not justify neglect: how can we address unmet medical needs in calciphylaxis?
Calcific uraemic arteriolopathy (CUA), or calciphylaxis, is a rare disease predominantly occurring in comorbidity with dialysis. Due to the very low frequency of CUA, prospective studies on its management are lacking and even anecdotal reports on treatment remain scarce. Therefore, calciphylaxis is still a challenging disease with dismal prognosis urgently requiring adequate strategies for diagnosis and treatment. In an attempt to fill some of the current gaps in evidence on various, highly debated and controversial aspects of dialysis-associated calciphylaxis, 13 international experts joined the 1st Consensus Conference o...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Brandenburg, V. M., Evenepoel, P., Floege, J., Goldsmith, D., Kramann, R., Massy, Z., Mazzaferro, S., Schurgers, L. J., Sinha, S., Torregrosa, V., Urena-Torres, P., Vervloet, M., Cozzolino, M., on behalf of ERA-EDTA Working Group on CKD-MBD and EUCALNET Tags: NDT PERSPECTIVES Source Type: research

Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on urinary citrate levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusion Our review indicates that further larger scale trials are required to analyze whether non-pharmacological interventions can increase urinary citrate levels and act in kidney stone prevention. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Pachaly, M. A., Baena, C. P., Buiar, A. C., de Fraga, F. S., Carvalho, M. Tags: NDT PERSPECTIVES Source Type: research

Is there still a place for autologous stem cell transplantation in systemic AL amyloidosis with severe renal disease?
(Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bridoux, F., Javaugue, V., Fermand, J. P., Jaccard, A. Tags: IN FOCUS Source Type: research

Physical exercise in haemodialysis patients: time to start
(Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Mallamaci, F., Torino, C., Tripepi, G. Tags: IN FOCUS Source Type: research

Statins in the treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
(Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ecder, T. Tags: IN FOCUS Source Type: research

Combining exercise and growth hormone therapy: how can we translate from animal models to chronic kidney disease children?
(Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - July 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bacchetta, J., Salusky, I. B. Tags: IN FOCUS Source Type: research

Announcements
(Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - June 21, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: Announcements Source Type: research

Measured and not estimated glomerular filtration rate should be used to assess renal function in heart transplant recipients
Conclusion We argue that the accuracy and the precision of the most commonly used estimation equations for assessment of kidney function are unacceptably low and we believe that mGFR should be used liberally as the basis for clinical decision-making both before and after HTx when eGFR is subnormal. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - June 21, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kolsrud, O., Ricksten, S.-E., Holmberg, E., Felldin, M., Karason, K., Hammarsten, O., Samuelsson, O., Dellgren, G. Tags: Renal Transplantation Source Type: research

Simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplant recipients present with late-onset BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy
Conclusions Our results suggest a higher incidence, more severe course and inferior outcome of BKVN in SPKTRs. An increased vulnerability of the allograft kidney due to inferior organ quality may predispose KTRs to early-onset BKVN. In contrast, SPKTRs present with late-onset BKVN in the presence of high-dose immunosuppression. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - June 21, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Schachtner, T., Zaks, M., Kahl, A., Reinke, P. Tags: Renal Transplantation Source Type: research