Fibroblast growth factor receptors as treatment targets in clinical oncology
Fibroblast growth factor receptors as treatment targets in clinical oncology, Published online: 26 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0115-yFGFR alterations can be detected in a small subset of many different cancer types. Inspired by the successes with other targeted therapies, preliminary attempts to target FGFR-altered cancers have been hampered by low response rates and acquired resistance. In this Review, the author describes the development of FGFR inhibitors thus far, and provides guidance on future research priorities. (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 26, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Masaru Katoh Source Type: research
Hyperprogressive disease: recognizing a novel pattern to improve patient management
Hyperprogressive disease: recognizing a novel pattern to improve patient management, Published online: 25 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0111-2A deterioration of disease can occur upon treatment with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies; this paradoxical phenomenon is defined as hyperprogression. The authors discuss the pathophysiological hypotheses that might explain hyperprogressive disease and the resulting challenges for patient management, with a focus in clinical decisions involving immune-checkpoint inhibitors. (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 25, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: St éphane Champiat Roberto Ferrara Christophe Massard Benjamin Besse Aur élien Marabelle Jean-Charles Soria Charles Fert é Source Type: research
State-of-the-art strategies for targeting the DNA damage response in cancer
State-of-the-art strategies for targeting the DNA damage response in cancer, Published online: 24 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0114-zInhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is the paradigmatic example of synthetic lethal therapy and is predicated on exploiting DNA repair deficiencies that are a hallmark of cancer. In this Review, the authors review the progress made to date with PARP inhibitors and describe the expanding landscape of novel anticancer therapies targeting the DNA damage response. Potential predictive biomarkers, mechanisms of resistance and combinatorial strategies are discussed. (Source: Na...
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Patrick G. Pili é Chad Tang Gordon B. Mills Timothy A. Yap Source Type: research
BCC identity switch breaks restraints of Hedgehog pathway inhibition
BCC identity switch breaks restraints of Hedgehog pathway inhibition, Published online: 23 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0117-9BCC identity switch breaks restraints of Hedgehog pathway inhibition (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 23, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: David Killock Source Type: research
Optimizing the outcomes of pancreatic cancer surgery
Optimizing the outcomes of pancreatic cancer surgery, Published online: 19 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0112-1Successful surgical resection offers patients with pancreatic cancer the best chance of survival. However, many patients do not have surgically resectable disease. In this Review, the authors describe recent improvements in pancreatic cancer surgery, which have increased survival and also enabled more patients to undergo surgery. (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 19, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Oliver Strobel John Neoptolemos Dirk J äger Markus W. B üchler Source Type: research
NTRK fusion-positive cancers and TRK inhibitor therapy
<i>NTRK</i> fusion-positive cancers and TRK inhibitor therapy, Published online: 17 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0113-0TRK fusion proteins are pathognomonic is certain rare tumour types and present in a small subset of diverse cancer types, including some common cancers; TRK inhibitors have promising efficacy in the treatment of these cancers, in a histology-agnostic manner. In this Review, the biology of TRK signalling and TRK fusions, strategies to target these drivers, the unique safety profile of TRK inhibitors and mechanisms of and strategies to overcome acquired resistance to these agents are disc...
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 17, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Emiliano Cocco Maurizio Scaltriti Alexander Drilon Source Type: research
The promise of ESCAT: a new system for evaluating cancer drug–target pairs
The promise of ESCAT: a new system for evaluating cancer drug–target pairs, Published online: 13 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0110-3The ESMO Scale for Clinical Actionability of molecular Targets (ESCAT) will be useful as a common language to harmonize discussions in precision oncology and could also guide policy and reimbursement decisions, but it is far from perfect. Herein, we highlight how ESCAT can be further improved to increase its utility in clinical and policy decisions. (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 13, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bishal Gyawali Aaron S. Kesselheim Source Type: research
A balancing act: dual immune-checkpoint inhibition for oesophagogastric cancer
A balancing act: dual immune-checkpoint inhibition for oesophagogastric cancer, Published online: 05 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0108-xA minority of patients with gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma derive benefit from immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI). In a large-cohort phase III study, the nivolumab (1 mg/kg) plus ipilimumab (3 mg/kg) arm (which was based on promising preliminary data from CheckMate 032) was closed owing to unacceptably high levels of mortality and morbidity. Our quest for better biomarkers than programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and safer dual ICI strategies must continue. (Source: Natur...
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 5, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kazuto Harada Ahmed A. F. Abdelhakeem Jaffer A. Ajani Source Type: research
The biology and treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma: current understanding and research priorities
The biology and treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma: current understanding and research priorities, Published online: 04 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0103-2Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive form of nonmelanoma skin cancer. The availability of immune checkpoint inhibition has improved the outcomes of a subset of patients with MCC, although many unmet needs continue to exist. In this Consensus Statement, the authors summarize developments in our understanding of MCC while also providing consensus recommendations for future research. (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 4, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Paul W. Harms Kelly L. Harms Patrick S. Moore James A. DeCaprio Paul Nghiem Michael K. K. Wong Isaac Brownell Source Type: research
From WCLC 2018
From WCLC 2018, Published online: 02 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0109-9From WCLC 2018 (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Diana Romero Source Type: research
Therapeutic strategies to target RAS-mutant cancers
Therapeutic strategies to target <i>RAS</i>-mutant cancers, Published online: 01 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0105-0Effective therapeutic strategies to target RAS-mutant cancers have proved elusive, but in the past few years, several promising strategies have been tested in clinical trials. The authors describe historical and ongoing therapeutic approaches based on the direct or indirect targeting of RAS. (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Meagan B. Ryan Ryan B. Corcoran Source Type: research
Accelerating anticancer drug development — opportunities and trade-offs
Accelerating anticancer drug development — opportunities and trade-offs, Published online: 01 October 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0102-3With the expansion of the precision medicine paradigm, seamless trial approaches to drug development hold great promise for accelerating the accessibility of novel therapeutic agents but are also accompanied by important trade-offs. The authors describe several opportunities to improve the efficiency of drug development in oncology, as well as new mechanisms to obtain information about anticancer therapies throughout their life cycle. (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - October 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sharyl J. Nass Mace L. Rothenberg Rebecca Pentz Hedvig Hricak Amy Abernethy Kenneth Anderson Amanda Wagner Gee R. Donald Harvey Steven Piantadosi Monica M. Bertagnolli Deborah Schrag Richard L. Schilsky Source Type: research
AI to assess images
AI to assess images, Published online: 28 September 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0107-yAI to assess images (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - September 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Diana Romero Source Type: research
Insights into the risk of fatal AEs with ICIs
Insights into the risk of fatal AEs with ICIs, Published online: 27 September 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0104-1Insights into the risk of fatal AEs with ICIs (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - September 27, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: David Killock Source Type: research
The murky world of disclosures
The murky world of disclosures, Published online: 27 September 2018; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0106-zThe murky world of disclosures (Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology)
Source: Nature Clinical Practice Oncology - September 27, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Peter Sidaway Source Type: research
