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Aflatoxin B1 metabolism: regulation by phase I and II metabolizing enzymes and chemoprotective agents
Publication date: Available online 29 October 2018Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Jiang Deng, Zhao Ling, Zhang Ni-Ya, Niel Alexander Karrow, Steven Krumm Christopher, Qi De-Sheng, Sun Lv-HuiAbstractAflatoxin B1 (AFB1) widely contaminates staple food and feed crops and is well-known as the most potent natural hepatocarcinogen in humans and domesticated animals. This review highlights significant advances in our understanding of the pivotal role of phase I and II metabolizing enzymes in the bioactivation and detoxification of AFB1 and its metabolites across species. In humans, cytochrome P450...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - October 30, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Pathophysiological Mechanisms Linking F-box only Protein 7 (FBXO7) and Parkinson’s disease (PD)
Publication date: Available online 17 October 2018Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Zhi Dong Zhou, Ji Chao Tristan Lee, Eng King TanAbstractMutations of F-box only protein 7 (FBXO7) gene are associated with a severe form of autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinson's disease (PD) (PARK15) with clinical features of Parkinsonian-Pyramidal syndrome (PPS). FBXO7 is an adaptor protein in SCFFBXO7 ubiquitin E3 ligase complex that recognizes and mediates degradative or non-degradative ubiquitination of substrates. The FBXO7 protein can regulate cell cycle, proliferation, mitochondrial and proteasome fu...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - October 18, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Line-1: implications in the etiology of cancer, clinical applications, and pharmacologic targets
Publication date: Available online 19 September 2018Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): M Khalid, P Bojang, KS RamosAbstractLong interspersed nuclear elements-1 (Line-1 or L1) accounts for approximately 17% of the human genome. The majority of L1s are inactive, but ~100 remain retrotransposon competent (RC-L1) and able to retrotranspose through RNA intermediates to different locations of the genome. L1 is involved in both disease initiation and progression via retrotransposition dependent and independent mechanisms. Retrotransposed L1 sequences disrupt genetic loci at sites of insertion, while ...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - September 21, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Molecular genetics of the POMT1-related muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathies
Publication date: Available online 12 September 2018Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Pengzhi Hu, Lamei Yuan, Hao DengABSTRACTProtein O-mannosyltransferase 1 (POMT1) is a critical enzyme participating in the first step of protein O-mannosylation. Mutations in the coding gene, POMT1, have been described to be related to a series of autosomal recessive disorders associated with defective alpha-dystroglycan glycosylation, later termed muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathies (MDDGs). MDDGs are characterized by a broad phenotypic spectrum of congenital muscular dystrophy or later-onset limb-girdle...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - September 13, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Sperm epigenome as a marker of environmental exposure and lifestyle, at the origin of diseases inheritance
Publication date: Available online 7 September 2018Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Benazir Siddeek, Claire Mauduit, Umberto Simeoni, Mohamed BenahmedAbstractPaternal exposure to environmental challenges plays a critical role in the offspring's future health and the transmission of acquired traits through generations. This review summarizes our current knowledge in the new field of epigenomic paternal transmission of health and disease. Epidemiological studies identified that paternal ageing or challenges (imbalanced diets, stress, toxicants, cigarette smoke, alcohol) increased the risk of o...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - September 7, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Genetic landscape of Gallbladder Cancer: Global overview
This article is the first one to provide insights into the genetic heterogeneity of GBC along with somatic mutational data from Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database. In addition, this article throws light on the management of tumor heterogeneity as a therapeutic challenge. Furthermore, future prospects involve implications of liquid biopsy based research in clinical management. (Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research)
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - August 24, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Radiation-induced bystander and systemic effects serve as a unifying model system for genotoxic stress responses
Publication date: Available online 17 August 2018Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Susanne Burdak-Rothkamm, Kai RothkammAbstractThis review summarises our current understanding of the radiation-induced bystander/systemic effect (RIBE) as well as other types of intercellular reactions induced by malignant tumours, chemotherapy, photodynamic stress and the microbiome. On the basis of striking similarities between these different types of responses RIBE is proposed as a prototype model of a unifying genotoxic stress response system.The early bystander response is initiated by a mitochondria-depe...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - August 18, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

DNA damage in obesity: Initiator, promoter and predictor of cancer
Publication date: Available online 17 August 2018Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Moonisah Usman, Emanuela V. VolpiAbstractEpidemiological evidence linking obesity with increased risk of cancer is steadily growing, although the causative aspects underpinning this association are only partially understood. Obesity leads to a physiological imbalance in the regulation of adipose tissue and its normal functioning, resulting in hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and inflammation. These states promote the generation of oxidative stress, which is exacerbated in obesity by a decline in anti-oxidant defen...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - August 18, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: July–September 2018Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research, Volume 777Author(s): (Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research)
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - August 15, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Epigenetics: an emerging field in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Publication date: Available online 8 August 2018Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Nissar U. Ashraf, Mohammad AltafAbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health concern associated with increased mortality due to cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, insulin resistance, liver disease, and malignancy. The molecular mechanism underlying these processes is not fully understood but involves hepatic fat accumulation and alteration of energy metabolism and inflammatory signals derived from various cell types including immune cells. During the last two decades, epigenetic mech...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - August 8, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Impact of obesity and overweight on DNA stability: Few facts and many hypotheses
Publication date: Available online 11 July 2018Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Tahereh Setayesh, Armen Nersesyan, Miroslav Mišík, Franziska Ferk, Sabine Langie, Vanessa M. Andrade, Alexander Haslberger, Siegfried KnasmüllerAbstractHealth authorities are alarmed worldwide about the increase of obesity and overweight in the last decades which lead to adverse health effects including inflammation, cancer, accelerated aging and infertility. We evaluated the state of knowledge concerning the impact of elevated body mass on genomic instability. Results of investigations with humans (39 studies...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - July 12, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Meta-analysis of chromosomal aberrations as a biomarker of exposure in healthcare workers occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs
Publication date: Available online 24 August 2017Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Christine Roussel, Kristine L. Witt, Peter B. Shaw, Thomas H. ConnorAbstractMany antineoplastic drugs used to treat cancer, particularly alkylating agents and topoisomerase inhibitors, are known to induce genetic damage in patients. Elevated levels of chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei, and DNA damage have been documented in cancer patients. Elevations in these same biomarkers of genetic damage have been reported in numerous studies of healthcare workers, such as nurses and pharmacists, who routinely handle t...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - July 10, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Poly-ADP ribosylation in DNA damage response and cancer therapy
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2017Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Wei-Hsien Hou, Shih-Hsun Chen, Xiaochun YuAbstractPoly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (aka PARylation) is a unique protein post-translational modification (PTM) first described over 50 years ago. PARylation regulates a number of biological processes including chromatin remodeling, the DNA damage response (DDR), transcription, apoptosis, and mitosis. The subsequent discovery of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) catalyzing DNA-dependent PARylation spearheaded the field of DDR. The expanding knowledge about the poly AD...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - July 10, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Histone methylation and the DNA damage response
Publication date: Available online 23 September 2017Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Fade Gong, Kyle M. MillerAbstractPreserving genome function and stability are paramount for ensuring cellular homeostasis, an imbalance in which can promote diseases including cancer. In the presence of DNA lesions, cells activate pathways referred to as the DNA damage response (DDR). As nuclear DNA is bound by histone proteins and organized into chromatin in eukaryotes, DDR pathways have evolved to sense, signal and repair DNA damage within the chromatin environment. Histone proteins, which constitute the b...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - July 10, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

The emerging role of epigenetic modifiers in repair of DNA damage associated with chronic inflammatory diseases
Publication date: Available online 28 September 2017Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation ResearchAuthor(s): Ning Ding, Ashley R. Maiuri, Heather M. O’HaganAbstractAt sites of chronic inflammation epithelial cells are exposed to high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can contribute to the initiation and development of many different human cancers. Aberrant epigenetic alterations that cause transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes are also implicated in many diseases associated with inflammation, including cancer. However, it is not clear how altered epigenetic gene silencing is initiated d...
Source: Mutation Research Reviews in Mutation Research - July 10, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research