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Bronchiectasis in PCD looks different to CF on CT scan
We present a summary of structural findings that have been described in PCD and highlight the radiological differences between PCD and other causes of bronchiectasis. We suggest that a PCD specific CT scoring system is required to properly describe changes seen in PCD. (Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine)
Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine - August 9, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Understanding the impact of antibiotic therapies on the respiratory tract resistome: a novel pooled-template metagenomic sequencing strategy
AbstractDetermining the effects of antimicrobial therapies on airway microbiology at a population-level is essential. Such analysis allows, for example, surveillance of antibiotic-induced changes in pathogen prevalence, the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance, and the transmission of multi-resistant organisms. However, current analytical strategies for understanding these processes are limited. Culture- and PCR-based assays for specific microbes require the a priori selection of targets, while antibiotic sensitivity testing typically provides no insight into either the molecular basis of resistance, or the carria...
Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine - August 9, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Get together to increase awareness in bronchiectasis: a report of the 2 nd World Bronchiectasis Conference
(Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine)
Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine - August 9, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

When and how ruling out cystic fibrosis in adult patients with bronchiectasis
ConclusionsExclusion of CF is imperative for patients with bronchiectasis and CFTR testing should be implemented in usual screening for investigating bronchiectasis etiology. Physicians taking care of bronchiectasis patients should be aware of CFTR testing and its limitations in the adult population. Further studies on CFTR expression in human lung and translational research might elucidate the possible role of CFTR in the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis. (Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine)
Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine - August 9, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

The Italian registry of pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacteria - IRENE: the study protocol
ConclusionsIRENE has been developed to inform the clinical and scientific community on the current management of adult patients with NTM respiratory infections in Italy and acts as a national network to increase the disease ’s awareness.Trial registrationClinicaltrial.gov:NCT03339063. (Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine)
Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine - August 9, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Why, when and how to investigate primary ciliary dyskinesia in adult patients with bronchiectasis
We describe the main PCD diagnostic tests and compare the two international PCD diagnostic guidelines. The expensive multi-test diagnostic approach requiring a high level of expertise and specialist equipment, make the multifaceted PCD diagnostic pathway complex. Therefore, the risk of late or missed diagnosis is high and has clinical and research implications.Defining the number of patients with bronchiectasis due to PCD is complex. To date, few studies outlining the aetiology of adult patients with bronchiectasis conduct screening tests for PCD, but they do differ in their diagnostic approach. Comparison of these studies...
Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine - August 9, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Asthma-like symptoms: is it always a pulmonary issue?
ConclusionA careful observation of the flow/volume curve should always be guaranteed and the presence of congenital vascular anomalies should be suspected in case of difficult-to-treat asthma. (Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine)
Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine - August 3, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

5-hydroxymethylcytosine but not MTAP methylation status can stratify malignant pleural mesothelioma based on the lineage of origin
ConclusionsMesothelial sarcomatoid tumors featured a methylation profile characterized by a permanent gene silencing. Epithelial MPM methylation profile was in-between that of sarcomatoid MPM and the one of epithelial-derived tumors. MTAP promoter methylation level cannot be considered a suitable biomarker of epithelial MPM arousal. (Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine)
Source: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine - August 2, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research