Role of Mitochondria in Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1028-1042.ABSTRACTInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is widespread in industrial countries with every 20th citizen being affected. Dysregulation of the epithelial barrier function is considered to play a key role in IBD. Permeability of the intestinal epithelium depends mostly on its self-renewal potential and the condition of intercellular junctions. Mitochondria are involved in regulating various intracellular processes in addition to their energy function. Recent data implicate mitochondria in intestinal epithelial barrier regulation and IBD. Mitochondrial dysfunction is possibly one of...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: D A Chernyavskij I I Galkin A N Pavlyuchenkova A V Fedorov M A Chelombitko Source Type: research
The Redox-Catalytic Properties of Cobalamins
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1043-1057.ABSTRACTVitamin B12, or cobalamin, is essential for normal body function and is used in the therapies of different diseases. Vitamin B12 has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can play an important role in the prevention of some diseases. On the other hand, it has been reported that vitamin B12 in combination with such reducing agents as ascorbate (vitamin C) and thiols showed prooxidant activity. This review provides information on the roles of vitamin B12 in diseases accompanied by inflammation and oxidative stress and the effects of vitamin B12 administrated a...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yu V Shatalin V S Shubina M E Solovieva V S Akatov Source Type: research
Transcription Factor NRF2 in Endothelial Functions
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1058-1076.ABSTRACTThe transcription factor NRF2 is a major regulator of cell antioxidant defense. NRF2 is activated by various stimuli, such as oxidants and electrophiles, to induce transcription of a number of genes whose products are involved in xenobiotic metabolism and contribute to the reduction of oxidative stress. NRF2 is one of the key transcription factors that ensure the endothelial cell function. The endothelium is a cell layer that lines the lumens of blood vessels and performs various homeostatic functions, controlling migration of leukocytes, regulating thrombosis and vascu...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: N D Kondratenko L A Zinovkina R A Zinovkin Source Type: research
Identification of Melittin-Like Proteins with a Molecular Weight of 67 κDa that Interact with Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1077-1083.ABSTRACTMelittin, a peptide from bee venom, was found to be able to interact with many proteins, including calmodulin target proteins and ion-transporting P-type ATPases. It is assumed that melittin mimics a protein module involved in protein-protein interactions within cells. Previously, a Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase containing the α1 isoform of the catalytic subunit was found to co-precipitate with a protein with a molecular weight of about 70 κDa that interacts with antibodies against melittin by cross immunoprecipitation. In the presence of a specific Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase inhibito...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: L A Varfolomeeva E A Klimanova S V Sidorenko D A Fedorov O D Lopina Source Type: research
Cytochrome bd as Antioxidant Redox Enzyme
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1084.ABSTRACTOne of the main functions of enzyme complexes that constitute electron transport (respiratory) chains of organisms is to maintain cellular redox homeostasis by oxidizing reducing equivalents, NADH and quinol. Cytochrome bd is a unique terminal oxidase of the chains of many bacteria including pathogenic species. This redox enzyme couples the oxidation of ubiquinol or menaquinol by molecular oxygen to the generation of proton motive force, a universal energy currency. The latter is used by the organism to produce ATP, another cellular energy currency, via oxidative phosphoryla...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: V B Borisov M R Nastasi E Forte Source Type: research
Characteristics of δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase of the Cold-Water Sponge Halisarca dujardinii
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1085-1097.ABSTRACTδ-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) is a key enzyme of the cytoplasmic heme biosynthesis pathway. The primary structure of the ALAD gene, the multimeric structure of the ALAD/hemB protein, and ALAD expression during the annual reproductive cycle were studied in the cold-water marine sponge Halisarca dujardinii. The results implicated the GATA-1 transcription factor and DNA methylation in regulating ALAD expression. Re-aggregation of sponge cells was accompanied by a decrease in ALAD expression and a change in the cell content of an active ALAD/hemB form. Further s...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: O I Kravchuk A D Finoshin K V Mikhailov R H Ziganshin K I Adameyko N G Gornostaev A I Zhurakovskaya V S Mikhailov E I Shagimardanova Yu V Lyupina Source Type: research
Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1: A Zinc/Redox-Dependent Protein of Nervous System Signaling Pathways
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1098-1129.ABSTRACTIntracellular calcium signaling is involved in regulating the key functional mechanisms of the nervous system. The control of neuronal excitability and plasticity by calcium ions underlies the mechanisms of higher nervous activity, and the mechanisms of this control are of particular interest to researchers. A family of highly specialized neuronal proteins described in recent decades can translate the information contained in calcium signals into the regulation of channels, enzymes, receptors, and transcription factors. Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) is the most comm...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: V E Baksheeva A A Zamyatnin E Yu Zernii Source Type: research
Metabolic Heterogeneity of Tumors
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1130-1149.ABSTRACTCurrently, much attention in oncology is devoted to the issues of tumor heterogeneity, which creates serious problems in the diagnosis and therapy of malignant neoplasms. Intertumoral and intratumoral differences relate to various characteristics and aspects of the vital activity of tumor cells, including cellular metabolism. This review provides general information about the tumor metabolic heterogeneity with a focus on energy metabolism, its causes, mechanisms and research methods. Among the methods, fluorescence lifetime imaging is described in more detail as a new p...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: M V Shirmanova S D Sinyushkina A D Komarova Source Type: research
Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Molecular Mechanisms of Pathogenesis and Methods of Their Correction
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1150-1174.ABSTRACTIschemia-reperfusion is a cascade of complex and interrelated pathological processes underlying many human diseases, including such socially significant diseases as stroke, myocardial infarction, acute renal failure, etc. The present review considers modern ideas about the main biochemical and signal-regulatory processes in the cell under conditions of ischemia-reperfusion. Both generally accepted and newly developed ways of ischemia-reperfusion lesion correction aimed at different chains of this pathological process are considered.PMID:38062966 (Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia)
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: R G Goncharov M G Sharapov Source Type: research
Regulation of Metabolism and the Role of Redox Factors in the Energy Control of Quiescence and Proliferation of Hematopoietic Cells
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1175-1187.ABSTRACTOne of the key regulators of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance is cellular metabolism. Resting HSCs use anaerobic glycolysis as the main source of energy. During expansion and differentiation under conditions of steady state hematopoiesis, the energy needs of activated HSCs increase by many fold. To meet the increased demands, cells switch to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, which is accompanied by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Here, the molecular mechanisms maintaining glycolysis in HSCs, as well as the factors determining the...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: M V Kalashnikova N S Polyakova A V Belyavsky Source Type: research
Metabolic Stress of Red Blood Cells Induces Hemoglobin Glutathionylation
In this study, we have characterized the state of isolated erythrocytes under metabolic stress caused by the absence of glucose. It was established that 24 h of incubation of the erythrocytes in a glucose-free medium to simulate blood plasma led to a two-fold decrease in the ATP level into them. The cell size, as well as intracellular sodium concentration increased. These findings could be the result of a disruption in ion transporter functioning because of a decrease in the ATP level. The calcium level remained unchanged. With a lack of glucose in the medium of isolated erythrocytes, there was no increase in ROS and a sig...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: P I Zaripov Yu D Kuleshova Yu M Poluektov S V Sidorenko O K Kvan G V Maksimov V A Mitkevich A A Makarov I Yu Petrushanko Source Type: research
Long Noncoding RNAs MEG3, TUG1, and hsa-miR-21-3p Are Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Coronary Artery Disease
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):1-10.ABSTRACTPeripheral blood biomarkers are of particular importance to diagnose certain diseases including coronary artery disease (CAD) due to their non-invasiveness. Investigating the expression of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) paves the way to early disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Consequently, in this research, we aimed to investigate a panel of ncRNAs as potential biomarkers in patients with coronary artery disease. Two different groups have been designed (control and CAD). All participants were subjected to interviews and clinical examinations. Peripheral blood samples wer...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: M Abdelgawad H Y Abdallah A Fareed A E Ahmed Source Type: research
Protein Repeats Show Clade-Specific Volatility in Aves
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Nov-Dec;57(6):11-20.ABSTRACTProtein repeats are a source of rapid evolutionary and functional novelty. Repeats are crucial in development, neurogenesis, immunity, and disease. Repeat length variability and purity can alter the outcome of a pathway by altering the protein structure and affecting the protein-protein interaction affinity. Such rampant alterations can facilitate species to rapidly adapt to new environments or acquire various morphological/physiological features. With more than 11000 species, the avian clade is one of the most speciose vertebrate clades, with near-ubiquitous distribution g...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: S Sharma L Teekas N Vijay Source Type: research
Upregulation of MHC I Antigen Processing Machinery Gene Expression in Breast Cancer Cells by Trichostatin A
In this study, we demonstrate that the epigenetic drug Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, can restore MHC I antigen presentation machinery (MHC I APM) genes in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Treatment with TSA resulted in the upregulation of MHC I, B2M, and PSMB9 in MCF-7 monolayer cells, and MHC I, B2M, PSMB9, PSMB8, TAP1, and TAP2 in MCF-7 spheroid cells. Interestingly, treatment with TSA also increased CD274 expression in these cells and enhanced the invasion ability of the MCF-7 spheroid. This aggressive behaviour was confirmed by increased expression of metastatic-related genes, nNav1.5 and MMP...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: A H Murtadha N A Sharudin I I M Azahar A T Che Has N F Mokhtar Source Type: research
Interaction of SENP6 with PINK1 Promotes Temozolomide Resistance in Neuroglioma Cells via Inducing the Mitophagy
In this study, mitophagy levels in temozolomide-resistant and -sensitive cell lines were evaluated. The mechanisms underlying the regulation of mitophagy were explored through RNA sequencing, and the roles of differentially expressed genes in mitophagy and temozolomide resistance were investigated. We found that mitophagy promotes temozolomide resistance in glioma. Specifically, small ubiquitin-like modifier specific protease 6 (SENP6) promoted temozolomide resistance in glioma by inducing mitophagy. Protein-protein interactions between SENP6 and the mitophagy executive protein PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) resulted in a r...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - December 8, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Y W Wang K G Jia H J Xing Y Pan C S Zeng L Chen Q J Su W T Shen J Chen C Chen Q Cao Y Y Wang Source Type: research
