Low-Dose LPS Modulates Microglia/Macrophages Phenotypic Transformation to Amplify Rehabilitation Effects in Chronic Spinal Cord Injured (CSCI) Mice
This study provides a fresh perspective and intervention direction for the clinical treatment of chronic spina l cord injuries. (Source: Molecular Neurobiology)
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 5, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Analysis of the Relationship Between Parkinson ’s Disease and Diabetic Retinopathy Based on Bioinformatics Methods
The objective of the study was to explore the relationship and potential mechanism between Parkinson ’s disease (PD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) using bioinformatics methods. We first examined the causal relationship between PD and DR by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The datasets of PD and DR patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were used to identify differentially expres sed genes (DEGs). Then, we performed the Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and immune infiltration analysis. We also constructed a protein–protein interaction network and receiver operating characteristic...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 3, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Janus Kinase Inhibitor Brepocitinib Rescues Myelin Phagocytosis Under Inflammatory Conditions: In Vitro Evidence from Microglia and Macrophage Cell Lines
AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) injuries induce cell death and consequently the release of myelin and other cellular debris. Microglia as well as hematogenous macrophages actively collaborate to phagocyte them and undergo their degradation. However, myelin accumulation persists in the lesion site long after the injury with detrimental effects on axonal regeneration. This might be due to the presence of inhibitors of phagocytosis in the injury site. As we recently published that some proinflammatory stimuli, like interferon- γ (IFNγ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), inhibit myelin phagocytosis in macrophages, we have no...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 3, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neural Correlates of Early-Life Urbanization and Their Spatial Relationships with Gene Expression, Neurotransmitter, and Behavioral Domain Atlases
AbstractPrevious neuroimaging research has established associations between urban exposure during early life and alterations in brain function and structure. However, the molecular mechanisms and behavioral relevance of these associations remain largely unknown. Here, we aimed to address this question using a combined analysis of multimodal data. Initially, we calculated amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and gray matter volume (GMV) using resting-state functional and structural MRI to investigate their associations with early-life urbanization in a large sample of 511 healthy young adults. Then, we examined th...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 3, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Anandamide and WIN 55212 –2 Afford Protection in Rat Brain Mitochondria in a Toxic Model Induced by 3-Nitropropionic Acid: an In Vitro Study
AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the development of neurodegenerative disorders. In contrast, the regulation of the endocannabinoid system has been shown to promote neuroprotection in different neurotoxic paradigms. The existence of an active form of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) in mitochondrial membranes (mitCB1R), which might exert its effects through the same signaling mechanisms as the cell membrane CB1R, has been shown to regulate mitochondrial activity. Although there is evidence suggesting that some cannabinoids may induce protective effects on isolated mitochondria, substantial evidence on...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 3, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Early Life Stress and Major Depressive Disorder —An Update on Molecular Mechanisms and Synaptic Impairments
AbstractEarly life stress (ELS), characterized as abuse, neglect, and abandonment, can cause several adverse consequences in the lives of affected individuals. ELS experiences can affect an individual ’s development in variable ways, persisting in the long term and promoting lasting impacts, considering that early exposure to stressors can be biologically incorporated, as prolonged stimulation of stress response systems affects the development of the brain structure and other body systems, incr easing the risk of diseases associated with stress and cognitive impairment. This type of stress increases the risk of developin...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 3, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Keratinocyte-Derived Cytokine in the Hippocampus Disrupts Extinction of Conditioned Fear Memory in Tumor-Bearing Mice
AbstractWhile patients with cancer show a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders than the general population, the mechanism underlying this interaction remains unclear. The present study examined whether tumor-bearing (TB) mice show psychological changes using the conditioned fear paradigm and the role of cytokines in these changes. TB mice were established by transplantation with mouse osteosarcoma AXT cells. These TB mice were then found to exhibit disruption in extinction of conditioned fear memory. Eighteen cytokines in serum were increased in TB mice, among which i.c.v. injection of interleukin (IL)-1 β and IL-6 ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 3, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Prognostic Significance of Plasma VEGFA and VEGFR2 in Acute Ischemic Stroke-a Prospective Cohort Study
AbstractEnhancement of vascular remodeling in affected brain tissue is a novel therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, conclusions regarding angiogenesis after AIS remain ambiguous. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) are potent regulators of angiogenesis and vascular permeability. We aimed to investigate the association between VEGFA/VEGFR2 expression in the acute stage of stroke and prognosis of patients with AIS. We enrolled 120 patients with AIS within 24 h of stroke onset and 26 healthy controls. Plasma levels of VEGFA and VEGFR2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunoso...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 1, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Association Between COVID-19 and Neurological Diseases: Evidence from Large-Scale Mendelian Randomization Analysis and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis
AbstractObservational studies have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the risk of neurological diseases, but it remains unclear whether the association is causal. The present study aims to evaluate the causal relationships between SARS-CoV-2 infections and neurological diseases and analyzes the potential routes of SARS-CoV-2 entry at the cellular level. We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with CAUSE method to investigate causal relationship of SARS-CoV-2 infections with neurological diseases. Then, we conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis to obtain evidence of potential neuroin...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 1, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Combination of Gold Nanoparticles with Carnitine Attenuates Brain Damage in an Obesity Animal Model
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of GNPs associated with carnitine on the neurochemical parameters of obesity-induced mice. Eighty male Swiss mice that received a normal lipid diet (control group) or a high-fat diet (obese group) for 10 weeks were used. At the end of the sixth week, the groups were divided for daily treatment with saline, GNPs (70 µg/kg), carnitine (500 mg/kg), or GNPs associated with carnitine, respectively. Body weight was monitored weekly. At the end of the tenth week, the animals were euthanized and the me senteric fat removed and weighed; the brain structures were separa...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 1, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Increased Expression of Transferrin Receptor 1 in the Brain Cortex of 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer ’s Disease Is Associated with Activation of HIF-1 Signaling Pathway
In conclusion, the study provides important information about the expression of TfR1 in the 5xFAD mouse model and the poten tial role of HIF-1 signaling pathway in the regulation of TfR1 in AD, which could represent a promising strategy for the development of therapies for AD. (Source: Molecular Neurobiology)
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 1, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Molecular Investigation and Preliminary Validation of Candidate Genes Associated with Neurological Damage in Heat Stroke
AbstractHeat stroke (HS) is a severe medical condition characterized by a systemic inflammatory response that may precipitate multi-organ dysfunction, with a particular predilection for inducing profound central nervous system impairments. We aim to employ bioinformatics techniques for the retrieval and analysis of genes associated with heat stroke-induced neurological damage. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the GSE64778 dataset from the Sequence Read Archive, resulting in the identification of 1178 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We retrieved 2914 genes associated with heat stroke from the Ge...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 31, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Linking Environmental Chemicals to Neuroinflammation and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Mechanisms and Implications for Prevention
This article explores the potential link between endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), neuroinflammation, and the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neuroinflammation refers to the immune system ’s response to injury, infection, or disease in the central nervous system. Studies have shown that exposure to EDCs, such as bisphenol A and phthalates, can disrupt normal immune function in the brain, leading to chronic or excessive neuroinflammation. This disruption of immune function can contr ibute to developing neurological disorders, including ASD. Furthermore, EDCs may activate microglia, increasing pro-infla...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 31, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
HIF-1 α Induced by Hypoxia Promotes Peripheral Nerve Injury Recovery Through Regulating Ferroptosis in DRG Neuron
AbstractPeripheral nerve injury (PNI) usually has a poor effect on functional recovery and severely declines the patient ’s quality of life. Our prior findings indicated that hypoxia remarkably promoted nerve regeneration of rats with sciatic nerve transection. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of hypoxia in functional recovery of PNI still remain elusive. In this research, we tried to explain the functio nal roles and mechanisms of hypoxia and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in PNI. Our results indicated that hypoxia promoted proliferation and migration of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and increased th...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 31, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Correction: Immunoproteasome Subunit Low Molecular Mass Peptide 2 (LMP2) Deficiency Ameliorates LPS/A β1-42-Induced Neuroinflammation
(Source: Molecular Neurobiology)
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 31, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
