A parasitic nematode induces dysbiosis in susceptible but not resistant gastropod hosts
What role does the microbiome play when we are infected with parasites? Using 16S metagenomics, we found one slug species infected with parasitic nematodes undergoes dysbiosis, however, a resistant slug does not. The nematode could be manipulating the host microbiome, or the bacterial communities may be altered due to ill health. How the resistant slug combats nematodes is unknown, but perhaps the bacterial communities in the microbiome play a role. AbstractAnimals ’ gut microbiomes affect a wide array of biological processes including immunity and protection from pathogens. However, how the microbiome changes due to inf...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - March 11, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Laura Sheehy,
Kerry MacDonald ‐Howard,
Chris D. Williams,
Gareth D. Weedall,
Hayley Jones,
Robbie Rae Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Highly efficient export of a disulfide ‐bonded protein to the periplasm and medium by the Tat pathway using CyDisCo in Escherichia coli
In this study, we show that YebF can be exported to the periplasm and media at a very high level by the Tat pathway in a manner almost completely dependent on the CyDisCo system for disulfide bond formation in the cytoplasm by two other Tat signal peptides: those of MdoD and AmiC. AbstractHigh-value heterologous proteins produced inEscherichia coli that contain disulfide bonds are almost invariably targeted to the periplasm via the Sec pathway as it, among other advantages, enables disulfide bond formation and simplifies downstream processing. However, the Sec system cannot transport complex or rapidly folding proteins, as...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - March 9, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Klaudia Arauzo ‐Aguilera,
Mirva J. Saaranen,
Colin Robinson,
Lloyd W. Ruddock Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
The abundance of the potential pathogen Staphylococcus hominis in the air microbiome in a dental clinic and its susceptibility to far ‐UVC light
This study established a reliable methodology for air sampling in a dental clinic setting and quantified the abundance of culturable mesophilic aerobic bacteria present in these samples using regression modeling.Staphylococcus hominis, a potentially pathogenic bacterium, was the most abundant species of aerobic bacteria and comprised 60% –80% of allStaphylococcus spp. in the clinic air microbiome. The study also assessed the susceptibility ofS. hominis to 222 nm far-UVC light suggesting far-UVC light for reducing bacterial load in dental clinics. AbstractThe dental clinic air microbiome incorporates microbes from the ...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - March 6, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Marilena Aquino de Muro,
Igor Shuryak,
Anne ‐Catrin Uhlemann,
Alice Tillman,
Dwayne Seeram,
Joseph Zakaria,
David Welch,
Steven M. Erde,
David J. Brenner Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Bioinformatic survey of CRISPR loci across 15 Serratia species
This study has contributed to extending the general knowledge of the CRISPR –Cas systems, particularly in Serratia, a ubiquitous genus detected in different environments. AbstractThe Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR –Cas) system of prokaryotes is an adaptative immune defense mechanism to protect themselves from invading genetic elements (e.g., phages and plasmids). Studies that describe the genetic organization of these prokaryotic systems have mainly reported on the Enterobacteriaceae family (now reorganized within the order of Enterobacterales). For some...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - March 3, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Maria Scrascia,
Roberta Roberto,
Pietro D'Addabbo,
Yosra Ahmed,
Francesco Porcelli,
Marta Oliva,
Carla Calia,
Angelo Marzella,
Carlo Pazzani Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: MicrobiologyOpen)
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - February 27, 2023 Category: Microbiology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
The mystery of the ice cold rose —Microbiome of an Arctic winter frost flower
Here we report on the microbiome of frost flowers sampled during the winter and polar night in the Barents Sea. There was a distinct difference in community profile between the extracted DNA and RNA, but both were dominated by members of the SAR11 clade (78% relative abundance and 41.5% relative activity). The data further suggested high abundance and activity byCand. Nitrosopumilus,Nitrospinia, andNitrosomonas, indicating that sulfur and nitrogen cycling are likely the major metabolism in these ephemeral structures. AbstractUnder very cold conditions, delicate ice-crystal structures called frost flowers emerge on the surf...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - February 5, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Stefan Thiele,
Anna Vader,
Lise Øvreås Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
A new role for monomeric ParA/Soj in chromosome dynamics in Bacillus subtilis
ParABS (Soj-Spo0J) systems and SMC complexes are critical mediators of chromosome dynamics in a range of bacteria. In this commentary, I review the roles of these systems inBacillus subtilis, as well as discuss a recent study that implicates a monomeric variant of ParA/Soj as a novel regulator of SMC release and redistribution after loading onto the DNA, a process that is critical for chromosome reorganization during axial filament formation in early sporulation. AbstractParABS (Soj-Spo0J) systems were initially implicated in plasmid and chromosome segregation in bacteria. However, it is now increasingly understood that th...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - January 17, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: David M. Roberts Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
A new spray ‐based method for the in‐vitro development of dry‐surface biofilms
Bacteria can persist in the hospital environment inside dry biofilms which grow on inanimate surfaces surrounding the patients. We developed a new method to produce dry-surface biofilms using the spraying of enriched artificial saliva which mimics the dispersion of respiratory secretions. The method created dehydrated biofilms of methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteria under real-world conditions. AbstractThe inanimate environment immediately surrounding the patient in healthcare facilities is a reservoir of microorganisms embedded in dry-surface biofilms (DSB). These biofilms, first highlighted in 20...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - January 12, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Esther Christine,
Claude Olive,
Myriam Louisin,
Moustapha Dram é,
Karine Marion‐Sanchez Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
Assessing pH ‐dependent activities of virulence factors secreted by Candida albicans
This study was aimed at determining the effect of external pH, substrate nature, and strain origin on protease, lipase, and hemolysin production. To achieve this objective, agar plate assays were performed at pH 5.0, 6.5, and 7.5 with substrates suitable for the detection of each family of enzymes. Moreover, the study was conducted with 20 clinicalC. albicans isolates from blood, oral cavity, skin, urine, and vagina. The hydrolytic zones formed around the colonies were further measured to calculate theEz (enzymatic zone) indexes. We found that detection of proteases in skim milk agar plates was possible for most isolates o...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - January 4, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Asier Ramos ‐Pardo,
Rocío Castro‐Álvarez,
Guillermo Quindós,
Elena Eraso,
Elena Sevillano,
Vladimir R. Kaberdin Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Adaptive laboratory evolution for increased temperature tolerance of the diatom Nitzschia inconspicua
In this study, adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) was performed for over 300 days using consecutive 0.5 °C temperature increases in a constant temperature incubator to attain greater thermal tolerance in the industrially relevant diatomNitzschia inconspicua str. Hildebrandi. The adapted strain was able to grow at a constant temperature of 37.5 °C; whereas this constant temperature was lethal to the parental control, which had an upper-temperature boundary of 35.5°C before adaptive evolution. This ALE method demonstrates the development of enhanced industrial algal strains without the production of genetically modified ...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - December 26, 2022 Category: Microbiology Authors: Alaina J. LaPanse,
Tyson A. Burch,
Jacob M. Tamburro,
Jesse C. Traller,
Agnieszka Pinowska,
Matthew C. Posewitz Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
An in ‐house 45‐plex array for the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in Gram‐positive bacteria
We describe an in-house bead array targeting AMR genes of Gram-positive bacteria and allowing their rapid detection all at once at a reduced cost. A total of 41 AMR probes were designed to target genes frequently associated with resistance to tetracycline, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, pleuromutilins, phenicols, glycopeptides, aminoglycosides, diaminopyrimidines, oxazolidinones and particularly shared amongEnterococcus andStaphylococcus spp. A collection of 124 enterococci and 62 staphylococci isolated from healthy livestock animals through the official Belgian AMR monitoring (2018 –2020) was studied with thi...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - December 26, 2022 Category: Microbiology Authors: Carole Kowalewicz,
Michael Timmermans,
David Fretin,
Pierre Wattiau,
C écile Boland Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Deciphering the role of host species for two Mycobacterium bovis genotypes from the European 3 clonal complex circulation within a cattle ‐badger‐wild boar multihost system
Using whole genome sequencing ofMycobacterium bovis strains collected in two distinct areas of France with an evolutionary model, we showed that the role of host species in the circulation of the pathogen differed between both areas. While wild boars appeared to play the role of an intermediary between badgers and cattle in both areas, the role of badgers differed. Our results suggest that the transition pattern depends on ecological, landscape, and anthropic factors. AbstractBovine tuberculosis is a common disease affecting cattle and wildlife worldwide.Mycobacterium bovis circulation in wildlife decreases the efficacy of...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - December 16, 2022 Category: Microbiology Authors: Laetitia Canini,
Gabriela Modenesi,
Aur élie Courcoul,
Maria‐Laura Boschiroli,
Benoit Durand,
Lorraine Michelet Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: MicrobiologyOpen)
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - December 10, 2022 Category: Microbiology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
A universal stress protein upregulated by hypoxia has a role in Burkholderia cenocepacia intramacrophage survival: Implications for chronic infection in cystic fibrosis
ABurkholderia cenocepacia universal stress protein encoded on the BCAM0276 gene (USP76) which is upregulated in chronic infection in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) and by hypoxia, is involved in attachment to human epithelial cells. It is required for growth in conditions associated with the CF lung, including acidic conditions and oxidative stress. Survival of usp76 deletion mutant was impaired in monocyte-derived macrophages from CF patients, suggesting it is involved in bacterial survival within macrophages, a hallmark ofBurkholderia infection. AbstractUniversal stress proteins (USPs) are ubiquitously expressed in bac...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - December 9, 2022 Category: Microbiology Authors: Andrew O'Connor,
Irene Jurado ‐Martín,
Margaritha M. Mysior,
Anotidaishe L. Manzira,
Joanna Drabinska,
Jeremy C. Simpson,
Mary Lucey,
Kirsten Schaffer,
Rita Berisio,
Siobhán McClean Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
The cell cycle of Staphylococcus aureus: An updated review
DNA replication, chromosome segregation, synthesis of the septal cell wall, and cytokinesis occur concomitantly in staphylococci. The processes are tightly coordinated temporally and spatially. AbstractAs bacteria proliferate, DNA replication, chromosome segregation, cell wall synthesis, and cytokinesis occur concomitantly and need to be tightly regulated and coordinated. Although these cell cycle processes have been studied for decades, several mechanisms remain elusive, specifically in coccus-shaped cells such asStaphylococcus aureus. In recent years, major progress has been made in our understanding of how staphylococci...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - December 9, 2022 Category: Microbiology Authors: Maria D. Barbuti,
Ine S. Myrbr åten,
Danae Morales Angeles,
Morten Kjos Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
