The effects of CORM3 or NaHS on the oxidative stress caused by chronic kidney disease in rats: potential interaction between CO and H2S signaling pathway
In conclusion, this study demonstrated that formation of CO and H2S were interdependently improved CKD-induced oxidative stress and neuronal death, which is may be through increased expression of CBS. (Source: Metabolic Brain Disease)
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 22, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neutrophil extracellular traps in intracerebral hemorrhage: implications for pathogenesis and therapeutic targets
AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage is a common neurological disease, and its pathological mechanism is complex. As the first recruited leukocyte subtype after intracerebral hemorrhage, neutrophils play an important role in tissue damage. In the past, it was considered that neutrophils performed their functions through phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and degranulation. In recent years, studies have found that neutrophils also have the function of secreting extracellular traps. Extracellular traps are fibrous structure composed of chromatin and granular proteins, which plays an important role in innate immunity. Studies have shown a...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Impact of the metabolic syndrome on prevalence and survival in motor neuron disease: a retrospective case series
AbstractMetabolic dysfunction is an important factor in the pathogenesis of motor neuron disease, but its prevalence and association with survival in this disorder is unknown. We hypothesized that patients with motor neuron disease would show a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome compared to the general New Zealand population, and that metabolic syndrome would be associated with worsened survival. We undertook a retrospective analysis in 109 motor neuron disease patients diagnosed and treated at Waikato Hospital from 2013 to 2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Survival was defined as the da...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Abnormal grey matter structural changes in patients with end-stage kidney disease and mild cognitive impairment: correlations with clinical features
This study gathered data from 23 patients with ESKD-MCI, 24 patients with ESKD and non-cognitive impairment (NCI), and 27 health controls (HCs). Structural magnetic resonance studies, cognitive assessments, and general clinical data were collected from all participants. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was performed to compare grey matter (GM) volume differences between the groups. The patients ’ GM maps and clinical features were subjected to univariate regression to check for possible correlations. Patients with ESKD-MCI displayed significantly more impairments in multiple cognitive domains, including global cognition,...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
G-CSF improved the memory and dendritic morphology impairments in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons after brain ischemia in the male rats
ConclusionG-CSF, even with three doses, improved learning and memory deficits, and dendritic morphological changes in the CA1 hippocampal neurons resulted from brain ischemia. (Source: Metabolic Brain Disease)
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Proteomic advance of ischemic stroke: preclinical, clinical, and intervention
AbstractIschemic stroke (IS) is the most common type of stroke and is characterized by high rates of mortality and long-term injury. The prediction and early diagnosis of IS are therefore crucial for optimal clinical intervention. Proteomics has provided important techniques for exploring protein markers associated with IS, but there has been no systematic evaluation and review of research that has used these techniques. Here, we review the differential proteins that have been found in cell- and animal- based studies and clinical trials of IS in the past 10 years; determine the key pathological proteins that have been id...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neuroprotective effects of ivermectin against transient cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats
This study examined the effects of ivermectin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in rats. A rat model of transient global IR was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 20 min. Rats received ivermectin (2 mg/kg/day,ip) one hour after inducing cerebral IR for three consecutive days at 24-h intervals. Next, we examined the effects of ivermectin on brain infarction, histopathology, malondialdehyde levels, myeloperoxidase activity, spatial learning and memory, and phospho-AMPK protein levels. The results showed that ivermectin reduced brain infarct size (P < 0.001) and histopathological changes such as ...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The critical role of gut-brain axis microbiome in mental disorders
AbstractThe Gut-brain axis is a bidirectional neural and humoral signaling that plays an important role in mental disorders and intestinal health and connects them as well. Over the past decades, the gut microbiota has been explored as an important part of the gastrointestinal tract that plays a crucial role in the regulation of most functions of various human organs. The evidence shows several mediators such as short-chain fatty acids, peptides, and neurotransmitters that are produced by the gut may affect the brain ’s function directly or indirectly. Thus, dysregulation in this microbiome community can give rise to sev...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Meclizine moderates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in mice through the regulation of AKT/ NF- κβ/ERK/JNK signaling pathway
AbstractNeuroinflammation is identified as significant inflammatory reactions occurring in the central nervous system. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates innate immune reactions and is used as an in vivo animal model for the investigation of inflammation. Meclizine (MCLZ) is a histamine antagonist with potential neuroprotective qualities. Forty adult male Swiss albino mice were divided into four groups (n = 10). Group 1 served as a control negative group. Groups 2–4 were injected with LPS (5 mg/kg; i.p). Group 2 served as LPS-control. Groups 3& 4 were given MCLZ (12.5& 25 mg/kg; p.o) respectively for 14 ...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Andrographolide inhibits the activation of spinal microglia and ameliorates mechanical allodynia
In this study, we observed that Andro attenuated mechanical allodynia in inflammatory pain mice induced by injecting complete Freund ’s adjuvant (CFA) into the right hind paws. This analgesic effect of Andro is mainly dependent on its inhibition of microglial overactivation and the release of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF and IL-1β) in lumbar spinal cords of inflammatory pain model mice. More importantly, our data in vivo and in vitro revealed a negative role for Andro in regulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, which might contribute to the inhibition of spinal microglial activation and proinflammatory cytokines ...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on cognitive impairment and neuroprotective mechanisms in diabetes mellitus animal models
This study aims to assess the effects of exercise on cognitive impairment behavioral performance and neuroprotective mechanisms in diabetes mellitus (DM) animal models. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database (VIP), and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) were systematically searched for studies investigating the impact of exercise on cognitive impairment in animal models of diabetes mellitus (DM) from the inception of these databases through July 2023. Rigorous quality assessments were conducted on the included literature. Primary outcome measur...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) ameliorates ethanol-induced cognitive impairment by modulating NMDA and GABA-A receptors in rat hippocampus
AbstractBrain damage caused by ethanol abuse may lead to permanent damage, including severe dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ginger powder on ethanol-induced cognitive disorders by examining oxidative damage and inflammation status, and the gene expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A receptors in the hippocampus of male rats. 24 adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were allocated randomly to four groups as follows control, ethanol (4g/kg/day, by gavage), ginger (1g/kg/day, by gavage), and ginger-ethanol. At the end of the study, memory and learning were eval...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs RMRP, CTC-487M23.5, and DGCR5 in the peripheral blood of patients with Bipolar disorder
AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recently considered as one of the regulatory mechanisms of the nervous system. Hence, lncRNAs may be considered diagnostic biomarkers for bipolar disorder (BD). We aimed to investigate the expression of RMRP, CTC-487M23.5, andDGCR5 lncRNAs in bipolar patients. The levels of these three lncRNAs were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 50 BD patients and 50 healthy subjects by real-time PCR. Moreover, we performed a ROC curve analysis between the gene expression and some clinical features of BD patients. Significant upregulation ofRMRP andCTC-487M23.5 and...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 14, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Targeting inflammatory signaling in obsessive compulsive disorder: a promising approach
AbstractObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder. Approximately, around 2% to 3% percent of the general population experience symptoms of OCD over the course of their lifetime. OCD can lead to economic burden, poor quality of life, and disability. The characteristic features exhibited generally in OCD are continuous intrusive thoughts and periodic ritualized behaviours. Variations in genes, pathological function of Cortico-Striato-Thalamo-Cortical (CSTC) circuits and dysregulation in the synaptic conduction have been the major factors involved in the pathological progression of OCD. However, the b...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Purple pitanga extract (Eugenia uniflora) attenuates oxidative stress induced by MPTP
Abstract1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) has been widely used due to its specific and reproducible neurotoxic effect on the nigrostriatal system, being considered a convenient model of dopaminergic neurodegeneration to study interventions therapeutics. The purple pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) is a polyphenol-rich fruit with antioxidant and antidepressant properties, among others. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of purple pitanga extract (PPE) on acute early oxidative stress induced by intranasal 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administration in rats. Male Wistar rats were p...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - November 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research