Use of recombinant Lactobacillus sakei for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced enteritis
Radiation-induced enteritis is one of the most common complications in patients under radiotherapy at abdominal or pelvic cavity. Up to 50% of patients treated with pelvic radiotherapy has been reported radiation-induced acute enteritis, and half of them developed chronic enteritis. Overproduction of free radicals, activation of inflammatory pathways and vascular endothelial dysfunction were considered as the primary mechanisms of radiation-induced enteritis. Because probiotics have been demonstrated as a promising potential candidate for treating intestinal diseases, it may be a safer and more effective radioprotector for...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 27, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jun-yan He, Wu-zhou Wang, Hui-zhou Qi, Yun Ma, Shu-ya He Source Type: research
Majoon Birjandi (MB): A rationale for the medical use of a traditional and uniquely processed Iranian folk medicine containing cannabis
Extensive research has been conducted on the benefits of cannabinoids in the treatment of various medical conditions including nausea, pain, anorexia, weight loss, spasticity, and age-related macular degeneration [1,2]. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 26, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Omid Mehrpour, Roland J Lamarine, Samaneh Nakhaee Source Type: research
Aging is an adaptation that selects in animals against disruption of homeostasis
During evolution, Muller ’s ratchet permanently generates deleterious germline mutations that eventually must be defused by selection. It seems widely held that cancer and aging-related diseases (ARDs) cannot contribute to this germline gene selection because they tail reproduction and thus occur too late, at the end of t he life cycle. Here we posit however that by lessening the offspring’s survival by proxy through diminishing parental care, they can still contribute to the selection.The hypothesis in detail: The widespread occurrence of aging in animals suggests that it is an adaptation. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 26, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Anthonie W.J. Muller Source Type: research
A proposed tandem mechanism for memory storage in neurons involving magnetite and prions
Knowledge about how information is stored in neurons of animals and in the human brain is still incomplete. A hypothesis related to long-term changes in synaptic efficiency has strong experimental support, but does not seem to be able to explain all observations. It has recently been proposed that magnetite together with a prion-like protein could be involved in a tandem mechanism for storage of memory in neurons in which electric impulses are received and reshaped by the magnetite to a form which can be accepted by the protein. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Erik M. Alfsen, Fredrik C. St ørmer, Arild Njå, Lars Walløe Source Type: research
Salivary lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as a tool for early diagnosis of oral cancer in individuals with Fanconi Anemia
Currently one of the greater challenges is the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Many studies address the genetic and metabolic aspects to support in early diagnosis and increase the survival of individuals at high risk. Individuals with Fanconi anemia can be included in this high risk group because they have a predisposition to develop head and neck cancer. The use of salivary enzymes as biomarkers to detect the changes in oral tissue at the initial phase seems viable, because saliva is easy to obtain, it moisture oral mucosa and cells metabolic compounds can be found on it. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Talita Piassa Mafessoni, Carol Eurich Mazur, Jos é Miguel Amenábar Source Type: research
High risk for neural tube defects; the role of arsenic in drinking water and rice in Asia
Neural tube defects (NTDs) affect>300,000 children annually worldwide. The incidence of NTDs in Northern India (7.7/1000), is tenfold higher than in the US (0.7/1000). Higher rates were previously reported in Northern China. The causes of these trends have not been elucidated. Arsenic is a teratogen shown in animals to induce NTDs. The main potential sources for environmental arsenic exposure, groundwater and rice as a staple food, are high in India and China. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 23, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yona Amitai, Gideon Koren Source Type: research
Pitfall in the mouth caused by longevity
To the Editor (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 23, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Koichi Tsunoda, Mihiro Takazawa, Tonghyo Chong, Yoko Morita Source Type: research
Astroglial water channel aquaporin 4-mediated glymphatic clearance function: a determined factor for time-sensitive treatment of aerobic exercise in patients with Alzheimer ’s disease
Currently, there are no effective drug therapies for Alzheimer ’s disease (AD). Thus, exploring new non-pharmacological strategies, including the neuroprotective mechanisms of aerobic exercise, to enhance therapeutic treatment of AD are essential. Previous studies have shown that the beneficial efficiency of aerobic exercise in the prevention and treatment of AD is time-sensitive, but its mechanism is not clear. Recent studies revealed that the water channel protein aquaporin 4 (AQP4) mediates the glymphatic system to clear interstitial solutes, including β-amyloid, from the brain. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 23, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mengmei Yin, Tinglin Pu, Linmei Wang, Charles Marshall, Ting Wu, Ming Xiao Source Type: research
Continuation of Evolution: Headliner Glargine U300
When the glargine U300 molecule was first developed, the target was the patients, who treated with high insulin dosage, due to its three times concentrated composition and gradual release compared to U100 formulation. The following studies have also showed that, with the use of U300 formulation compared to the use of U100 formulation, there were fewer nocturnal episodes of severe hypoglycemia, lower weight gain (-0.5 kg) and smaller difference between maximum and minimum glucose levels within the 24 hour period, which means less glucose variability. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 23, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Utku Erdem Soyaltin, Ilg ın Yildirim Şimşir, Şevki Çetinkalp Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 21, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Hypobaric Birth Room May Prevent Intraventricular Hemorrhage In Extremely Low Birth Weights Infants
In the early postnatal period, intraventricular hemorrhage may develop in infants with extremely low birth weights due to hemodynamic instability. One of the most significant factors in intraventricular hemorrhage development is fluctuations in the cerebral blood flow due to left-to-right shunting as a result of patent ductus arteriosus, and such cases most frequently develop intraventricular hemorrhage within the first 72 hours. The frequency of intraventricular hemorrhage may be reduced through the prevention of fluctuations in the cerebral blood flow in this time frame. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 16, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kadir Şerafettin Tekgündüz, Sibel Ejder Tekgündüz Source Type: research
Big data vs accurate data in health research:large-scale physical activity monitoring, smartphones, wearable devices and risk of unconscious bias
Fundamental to the advancement of scientific knowledge is unbiased, accurate and validated measurement techniques. Recent United Nations and landmark Nature publications highlight the global uptake of mobile technology and the staggering potential for big data to encourage people to be physically active and to influence health policy.However, concerns exist about inconsistencies in smartphone health apps. Big data has many benefits, but noisy data may lead to wrong conclusions. In reaction to the increasing availability of low quality data; we call for a rigorous debate into the validity of substituting big data for accura...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 16, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: M.A. Brodie, E.M. Pliner, A. Ho, Kalina Li, Z. Chen, S.C. Gandevia, S.R. Lord Source Type: research
Proposed Mechanisms of Relative Bradycardia
Relative bradycardia is the term used to describe the mechanism where there is dissociation between pulse and temperature. This finding is important to recognize since it may provide further insights into the potential underlying causes of disease. There is no known proposed mechanism to explain this phenomenon. We hypothesize that relative bradycardia is the central mechanism reflecting and influenced potentially by the direct pathogenic effect on the sinoatrial node as well as cross-talk between the autonomic nervous system and immune system. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 16, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Fan Ye, David Winchester, Carolyn Stalvey, Michael Jansen, Arthur Lee, Matheen Khuddus, Joseph Mazza, Steven Yale Source Type: research
Role of copper in depression. Relationship with ketamine treatment
Depression is one of the most common psychiatric issues with a proportion of adults with major depressive disorder who fail to achieve remission with index pharmacological treatment. There are unmet needs in ADT focus on non-monoaminergic agents. Accumulating evidence suggests that the N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) plays an important role in the neurobiology and treatment of major depressive disorder. The role of copper ions in pathogenesis and treatment of depression is not fully clarified, however interaction between copper and NMDAR is of prime importance. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 16, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jakub S łupski, Wiesław Jerzy Cubała, Natalia Górska, Maria Gałuszko-Węgielnik, Mariusz Stanisław Wiglusz Source Type: research
Hamstring injury prevention: A role for genetic information?
Hamstring Strain Injuries (HSI) are common within many sports, imposing a significant burden in terms of both financial cost, recovery time, and loss of performance. Recently, research has focused on better understanding the factors that increase an individual ’s risk of suffering a HSI, with both lower strength (particularly eccentric strength) and shorter hamstring muscle fascicles found to play a significant role. Such findings have led to an increased popularization of eccentric hamstring exercises, such as the Nordic Hamstring Exercise, the correct utilization of which has been shown to reduce HSI rates. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 15, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Craig Pickering, John Kiely Source Type: research
