Mismatch between GLUTs and glucose levels causes neuronal damage during glucose fluctuations
Abnormal glucose levels damage the central nervous system, especially in case of rapid fluctuations. Even a single episode of glucose reperfusion can result in overt impairment of neurons. Oxidative stress plays an important role in this process, sharing properties with the pathophysiologic changes of glucose neurotoxicity. Glucose transporters (GLUTs) located in the brain are involved in direct glucose uptake by neurons. Instead of being insulin-sensitive, these transporters are regulated by glucose levels in the extracellular fluid, increasing their expression while glucose levels fall, to absorb more glucose. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhichao Xie, Jun Guo, Yan Kang, Xiaofeng Ou Source Type: research

Hypothesis: Is there a link between the immune response to Human Herpes Virus type 6 Α (HHV-6Α) infection and the interaction network (interactome) of the genes encoding the CTSS, PTX3, CHI3L1, Mx1, CXCL16, BIRC3 and BST2 proteins?
Human Herpes Virus type 6 (HHV-6) is a ubiquitous virus consisting of two viral species, HHV-6A and HHV-6B that have been associated with numerous and diverse pathologies. As many other viruses HHV-6 modulates the apoptotic machinery of its host to subvert immune response to infection, yet the exact mechanisms behind this process remain under investigation. The genes encoding the CTSS, PTX3, CHI3L1, Mx1, CXCL16, BIRC3 and BST2 proteins have been linked to HHV-6 Α related neurologic diseases whilst also associated with apoptosis. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Rouka Erasmia Source Type: research

Splenectomy may have more complications than currently proven
The spleen has been one of the least understood major organs for centuries. Its significance is relatively well-known today but it seems that all aspects of its activities are not fully understood. Persian medicine (PM) has special views on the function of spleen; many side effects were reported in PM due to spleen dysfunction. On the other hand nowadays splenectomy as a treatment strategy is recommended for some disorders and increasing risk of infections is considered as the most important long term side effect of that. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Somayeh Zakeri, Narjes Gorji, Marjan Akhtari, Reihaneh Moeini Source Type: research

Inducing hypertrophic effects of type I skeletal muscle fibers: a new hypothetical paradigm in resistance training aimed at muscular hypertrophy
An emerging body of evidence is starting to suggest that the hypertrophy of skeletal muscle fibers might be load specific. In other words, it may be that resistance training with high loads (i.e., ≥60% of 1 repetition maximum [RM]) emphasizes a greater growth of type II muscle fibers, while resistance training with low loads (i.e., (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jozo Grgic, Jan Homolak, Pavle Mikulic, Javier Botella, Brad J. Schoenfeld Source Type: research

Biofilms busters to improve the detection of Borrelia using PCR
Lyme disease is an affection caused by a spirochete infection called Borrelia Burgdorferi which may harbor a varied and misleading clinical symptomatology. The serology tests commonly used for diagnosis show a wide sensitivity varying from 34% to 70,5%, leaving many infected patients with false negative tests. Alternative techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) could be helpful but not conclusive enough. Using biofilm busters, such as stevia and serratiopeptidase, could lead to bacterial blood release, thus increasing the spirochete load, making PCR test more sensitive, thus improving the patient ’s diagnosis ...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 17, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Alexis Lacout, V éronique Dacher, Mostafa El Hajjam, Pierre Yves Marcy, Christian Perronne Source Type: research

Determining the venous oxygen reservoir: a novel, hypothetical approach to titration of supplemental oxygen in preterm newborns.
While normal oxygen saturation is commonly thought to be a marker of normal oxygenation, cutaneous saturation does not account for the sufficiency of oxygen within each cell or that of the system overall. Rather, cutaneous oximetry simply defines the saturation of haemoglobin (Hb) with oxygen in a pulsatile vessel. Assessment of sufficiency is best determined by measurement of the amount of oxygen left over following aerobic respiration. This left over oxygen is ‘stored’ on Hb in the venous compartment and can be calculated as the venous oxygen content. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 16, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chad C. Andersen, Nicolette A. Hodyl, Nina M. Ziegler, Michael J. Stark Source Type: research

A Complex Systems Approach to Cancer Prevention
Cancer incidence continues to be a major health problem possibly because cancer is a complex system comprising many agents that interact in a non-linear manner resulting in many possible outcomes. The degree of complexity of a cancer system could be vast involving multiple endogenous and exogenous agents interacting with the over 10 trillion cells comprising the body. It is hypothesized that the practical management of this complexity may be a key to cancer prevention and possibly treatment. But the management and resolution of such an immensely complex system is difficult and may require a multidisciplinary approach inclu...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 16, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: P.W. Jupp Source Type: research

Novel mutant of Escherichia coli asparaginase II to reduction of the glutaminase activity in treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia by molecular dynamics simulations and QM-MM studies
L-Asparaginases (ASNase) belong to a family of amidohydrolases, have both asparaginase and glutaminase activity. Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is an outrageous disease worldwide. Bacterial ASNase has been used for the treatment of ALL. Glutaminase activity of enzyme causes some side effect and it is not essential for anticancer activity. The aim of this study was engineering of Escherichia coli asparaginase II to find a mutant with reduced glutaminase activity by molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) and QM-MM (Quantum mechanics molecular dynamics) simulations. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 16, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Noeman Ardalan, Sako Mirzaie, Abbas Akhavan Sepahi, Ramazan Ali Khavari-Nejad Source Type: research

Impulsive Mechanisms Influencing Relapse in Alcohol Drinking
Impulsivity has been related to different features of addictive behaviors. Growing data, generated in separated lines of research, suggest that different processes underlying impulsivity are associated to relapse in alcohol drinking. Considering the evidence, relapse can be understood as an impulsive choice or as an impulsive action. In the first case, the return to drinking behavior is a consequence of insensitive to delayed consequence, that is, to the discounting of delayed rewards. In the second case, relapse is a consequence of failures to inhibit prepotent responses. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 15, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Hugo E. Reyes-Huerta, Cristiano dos Santos, Kalina Mart ínez Source Type: research

Linked help from bacterial proteins drives autoantibody production in small vessel vasculitis
The small vessel vasculitides granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis are associated with autoantibodies to neutrophil cytoplasm antigens (ANCA), principally proteinase-3 (PR3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). There is an association between GPA and nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus. The recent finding that S. aureus produces proteins that bind tightly to and block the function of both PR3 and MPO suggests a mechanism for ANCA formation. The bacterial protein-autoantigen conjugate is recognised by B cells with ANCA specificity, internalised, and the bacterial protein processed and presented to T...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 15, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: David B.G. Oliveira Source Type: research

The cardiovascular robustness hypothesis: Unmasking young adults' hidden risk for premature cardiovascular death
An undetected high risk for premature death of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with low-to-moderate risk factor levels is an acknowledged obstacle to CVD prevention.In this paper, we present the hypothesis that the vasculature's robustness against risk factor load will complement conventional risk factor models as a novel stratifier of risk. Figuratively speaking, mortality risk prediction without robustness scoring is akin to predicting the breaking risk of a lake's ice sheet considering load only while disregarding the sheet's bearing strength. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 15, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lutz E. Kraushaar, Alexander Dressel Source Type: research

The use of polysulfated polysaccharides heparin like compounds, glycosaminoglycans and Vitamin B17 as a possible treatment for prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is impacting many men globally. It is a disease that has no effective treatment is available in the market. The understanding of the biophysical and biochemical aspects of the disease and the mechanism that allow it to metastasize is key to finding an effect treatment. Maintenance or pretreatment drug as well as a post treatment drug can be effective to avoid or delay the disease from appearing. The polysaccharides and monosaccharides polymers combined with vitamins can be the ingredient to developing the treatment. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 12, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jamil Hantash Source Type: research

Would glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have efficacy in binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa? A review of the current literature
Binge eating, eating an abnormally large amount of food in a discrete period of time with a sense of loss of control over eating, is a defining feature of the eating disorders binge eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Both BED and BN are important public health problems for which there are few medical treatments. However, almost all drugs with central nervous system-mediated weight loss properties studied thus far in randomized, placebo-controlled trials in persons with BED or BN have been efficacious for reducing binge eating behavior. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 2, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Susan L. McElroy, Nicole Mori, Anna I. Guerdjikova, Paul E. Keck Source Type: research

Would glucagon peptide-1 receptor agonists have efficacy in binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa? A review of the current literature
Binge eating, eating an abnormally large amount of food in a discrete period of time with a sense of loss of control over eating, is a defining feature of the eating disorders binge eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Both BED and BN are important public health problems for which there are few medical treatments. However, almost all drugs with central nervous system-mediated weight loss properties studied thus far in randomized, placebo-controlled trials in persons with BED or BN have been efficacious for reducing binge eating behavior. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 2, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Susan L. McElroy, Nicole Mori, Anna I. Guerdjikova, Paul E. Keck Source Type: research

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(Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - January 1, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research