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Repairing the GBM Step by Step
(Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN)
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - April 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tufro, A. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

JASN this Month: Something Old, Something New
(Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN)
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - April 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Briggs, J., Palevsky, P., Knepper, M. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

This Months Highlights
(Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN)
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - April 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: This Month ' s Highlights Source Type: research

Cluster-Randomized Trial of Devices to Prevent Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection
In conclusion, compared with Tego connectors plus Curos caps, ClearGuard HD antimicrobial barrier caps significantly lowered the rate of catheter-related BSIs in patients undergoing hemodialysis using CVCs, representing an important advancement in hemodialysis patient care. (Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN)
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Brunelli, S. M., Van Wyck, D. B., Njord, L., Ziebol, R. J., Lynch, L. E., Killion, D. P. Tags: Clinical Research Source Type: research

Blood HER2 and Uromodulin as Causal Mediators of CKD
Many biomarkers have been epidemiologically linked with CKD; however, the possibility that such associations are due to reverse causation or confounding limits the utility of these biomarkers. To overcome this limitation, we used a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to identify causal mediators of CKD. We performed MR by first identifying genetic determinants of 227 serum protein biomarkers assayed in 4147 participants of the Outcome Reduction with Initial Glargine Intervention (ORIGIN) trial who had early or prediabetes, and assessing the effects of these biomarkers on CKD in the CKD genetics consortium (n=117,165; 12,...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Sjaarda, J., Gerstein, H. C., Yusuf, S., Treleaven, D., Walsh, M., Mann, J. F. E., Hess, S., Pare, G. Tags: Clinical Research Source Type: research

Hemodialysis Induces an Acute Decline in Cerebral Blood Flow in Elderly Patients
The initiation of hemodialysis is associated with an accelerated decline of cognitive function and an increased incidence of cerebrovascular accidents and white matter lesions. Investigators have hypothesized that the repetitive circulatory stress of hemodialysis induces ischemic cerebral injury, but the mechanism is unclear. We studied the acute effect of conventional hemodialysis on cerebral blood flow (CBF), measured by [15O]H2O positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT). During a single hemodialysis session, three [15O]H2O PET-CT scans were performed: before, early after the start of, and at the en...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Polinder-Bos, H. A., Garcia, D. V., Kuipers, J., Elting, J. W. J., Aries, M. J. H., Krijnen, W. P., Groen, H., Willemsen, A. T. M., van Laar, P. J., Strijkert, F., Luurtsema, G., Slart, R. H. J. A., Westerhuis, R., Gansevoort, R. T., Gaillard, C. A. J. M. Tags: Clinical Research Source Type: research

APOL1 Genotype and Renal Function of Black Living Donors
In conclusion, APOL1 high-risk genotype in black living kidney donors associated with greater decline in postdonation kidney function. Trajectory of renal function was similar between donors and nondonors. The association between APOL1 high-risk genotype and poor renal outcomes in kidney donors requires validation in a larger study. (Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN)
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Doshi, M. D., Ortigosa-Goggins, M., Garg, A. X., Li, L., Poggio, E. D., Winkler, C. A., Kopp, J. B. Tags: Clinical Research Source Type: research

The Change in Living Kidney Donation in Women and Men in the United States (2005-2015): A Population-Based Analysis
In conclusion, living donation declined in men but remained stable in women between 2005 and 2015, and income appeared to have a greater effect on living donation in men. (Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN)
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Gill, J., Joffres, Y., Rose, C., Lesage, J., Landsberg, D., Kadatz, M., Gill, J. Tags: Clinical Epidemiology Source Type: research

Effect of Bariatric Surgery on CKD Risk
Obesity is linked to the development and progression of CKD, but whether bariatric surgery protects against CKD is poorly understood. We, therefore, examined whether bariatric surgery influences CKD risk. The study included 2144 adults who underwent bariatric surgery from March of 2006 to April of 2009 and participated in the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery-2 Study cohort. The primary outcome was CKD risk categories as assessed by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) consortium criteria using a combination of eGFR and albuminuria. Patients were 79% women and 87% white, with a median age of 46 y...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Friedman, A. N., Wahed, A. S., Wang, J., Courcoulas, A. P., Dakin, G., Hinojosa, M. W., Kimmel, P. L., Mitchell, J. E., Pomp, A., Pories, W. J., Purnell, J. Q., le Roux, C., Spaniolas, K., Steffen, K. J., Thirlby, R., Wolfe, B. Tags: Clinical Epidemiology Source Type: research

Endogenous IL-33 Contributes to Kidney Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury as an Alarmin
We examined the role of the nuclear alarmin IL-33 in tissue injury and innate immune response triggered by experimental kidney ischemia-reperfusion. In wild-type mice, we found that IL-33 was constitutively expressed throughout the kidney in peritubular and periglomerular spaces, mainly by microvascular endothelial cells, from which it was released immediately during IRI. Compared with wild-type mice, mice lacking IL-33 (IL-33Gt/Gt) exhibited reductions in early tubular cell injury and subsequent renal infiltration of IFN-/IL-17A–producing neutrophils, with preservation of renal functions. This protection associated ...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ferhat, M., Robin, A., Giraud, S., Sena, S., Goujon, J.-M., Touchard, G., Hauet, T., Girard, J.-P., Gombert, J.-M., Herbelin, A., Thierry, A. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

Fibroblast-Specific {beta}-Catenin Signaling Dictates the Outcome of AKI
In this study, we investigated the role of fibroblast-specific β-catenin signaling in dictating the outcome of AKI, using conditional knockout mice in which β-catenin was specifically ablated in fibroblasts (Gli1-β-cat–/–). After ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), Gli1-β-cat–/– mice had lower serum creatinine levels and less morphologic injury than Gli1-β-cat+/+ littermate controls. Moreover, we detected fewer apoptotic cells, as well as decreased cytochrome C release; reduced expression of Bax, FasL, and p53; and increased phosphorylation of Akt, in the Gli1-β-cat&ndas...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Zhou, D., Fu, H., Xiao, L., Mo, H., Zhuo, H., Tian, X., Lin, L., Xing, J., Liu, Y. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

Wnt9a Promotes Renal Fibrosis by Accelerating Cellular Senescence in Tubular Epithelial Cells
Cellular senescence is associated with renal disease progression, and accelerated tubular cell senescence promotes the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. We assessed the potential role of Wnt9a in tubular cell senescence and renal fibrosis. Compared with tubular cells of normal subjects, tubular cells of humans with a variety of nephropathies and those of several mouse models of CKD expressed high levels of Wnt9a that colocalized with the senescence-related protein p16INK4A. Wnt9a expression level correlated with the extent of renal fibrosis, decline of eGFR, and expression of p16...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Luo, C., Zhou, S., Zhou, Z., Liu, Y., Yang, L., Liu, J., Zhang, Y., Li, H., Liu, Y., Hou, F. F., Zhou, L. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

Impairment of PPAR{alpha} and the Fatty Acid Oxidation Pathway Aggravates Renal Fibrosis during Aging
In this study, we investigated peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor α (PPARα) and the FAO pathway as regulators of age-associated renal fibrosis. The expression of PPARα and the FAO pathway–associated proteins significantly decreased with the accumulation of lipids in the renal tubular epithelial region during aging in rats. In particular, decreased PPARα protein expression associated with increased expression of PPARα-targeting microRNAs. Among the microRNAs with increased expression during aging, miR-21 efficiently decreased PPARα expression and impaired FAO when ecto...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chung, K. W., Lee, E. K., Lee, M. K., Oh, G. T., Yu, B. P., Chung, H. Y. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

IL-17C/IL-17 Receptor E Signaling in CD4+ T Cells Promotes TH17 Cell-Driven Glomerular Inflammation
The IL-17 cytokine family and the cognate receptors thereof have a unique role in organ-specific autoimmunity. Most studies have focused on the founding member of the IL-17 family, IL-17A, as the central mediator of diseases. Indeed, although pathogenic functions have been ascribed to IL-17A and IL-17F in the context of immune-mediated glomerular diseases, the specific functions of the other IL-17 family members in immunity and inflammatory kidney diseases is largely unknown. Here, we report that compared with healthy controls, patients with acute Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody (ANCA)-associated crescentic glomerul...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Krohn, S., Nies, J. F., Kapffer, S., Schmidt, T., Riedel, J.-H., Kaffke, A., Peters, A., Borchers, A., Steinmetz, O. M., Krebs, C. F., Turner, J.-E., Brix, S. R., Paust, H.-J., Stahl, R. A. K., Panzer, U. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

Protein Kinase 2{beta} Is Expressed in Neural Crest-Derived Urinary Pacemaker Cells and Required for Pyeloureteric Contraction
Nonobstructive hydronephrosis, defined as dilatation of the renal pelvis with or without dilatation of the ureter, is the most common antenatal abnormality detected by fetal ultrasound. Yet, the etiology of nonobstructive hydronephrosis is poorly defined. We previously demonstrated that defective development of urinary tract pacemaker cells (utPMCs) expressing hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3 (HCN3) and the stem cell marker cKIT causes abnormal ureteric peristalsis and nonobstructive hydronephrosis. However, further investigation of utPMC development and function is limited by lack of knowledge...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - March 30, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Iskander, S. M., Feeney, M. M., Yee, K., Rosenblum, N. D. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research