BioSAXS at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility – Extremely Brilliant Source: BM29 with an upgraded source, detector, robot, sample environment, data collection and analysis software
As part of its Extremely Brilliant Source (EBS) upgrade project, the ESRF's BM29 BioSAXS beamline was subject to a significant upgrade and refurbishment. In addition to the replacement of the beamline's original bending magnet source by a two-pole wiggler, leading to an increase in brilliance by a factor of 60, the sample environment of the beamline was almost completely refurbished: a vacuum-compatible Pilatus3 X 2M with a sensitive area of 253.7 mm × 288 mm and frame rates up to 250 Hz was installed, increasing the active area available and thus the q-scaling of scattering images taken; the sample changer wa...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 17, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Tully, M.D. Kieffer, J. Brennich, M.E. Cohen Aberdam, R. Florial, J.B. Hutin, S. Oscarsson, M. Beteva, A. Popov, A. Moussaoui, D. Theveneau, P. Papp, G. Gigmes, J. Cipriani, F. McCarthy, A. Zubieta, C. Mueller-Dieckmann, C. Leonard, G. Pernot, P. Tags: BM29 high-throughput small-angle X-ray scattering SAXS macromolecules in solution online size-exclusion chromatography (SEC-SAXS) microfluidic screening beamlines Source Type: research
A compact-rigid multi-analyser for energy and angle filtering of high-resolution X-ray experiments. Part 2. Efficiency of a single-crystal-comb
Diffraction instruments using filtering by one or several analyser crystals exist since the 1980s and 1990s at synchrotron radiation sources, but, due to its low efficiency, this filtering is little used on laboratory sources. In order to overcome this limitation, the efficiency of a small diffraction filtering multi-analyzer block (MAD block) realized with a `single-crystal-comb' curved on a rigid support is demonstrated here. The geometry of this curved surface is logarithmic spiral and is optimized to allow multi-filtering over a relatively important diffraction angular range and to be also applicable over an X-ray spec...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 16, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Hodeau, J.-L. Prat, A. Boudet, N. Blanc, N. Arnaud, S. Hazemann, J.-L. Lah é ra, E. Proux, O. Jacquet, M. Autran, P.-O. Dejoie, C. Martinetto, P. Tags: high-resolution powder diffraction multi-analyser-diffraction filtering heterogeneous materials compact-rigid multi-analyser research papers Source Type: research
A compact-rigid multi-analyser for energy and angle filtering of high-resolution X-ray experiments. Part 1. Principles and implementation
Diffraction and spectroscopy instruments using a filtering process with several analyser crystals have existed for about 30 years at synchrotron radiation sources, but they are difficult to use on laboratory sources. Several diffraction multi-filtering systems for powder diffraction experiments have been studied and optimized, in order to show the relevance, simplicity and efficiency of their implementation. Optical filter systems containing one or many diffracting elements, precisely positioned in a rigid manner on a logarithmic spiral surface and having a stability that allows high resolution and high sensitivity to powd...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 16, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Prat, A. Hodeau, J.-L. Tags: high-resolution powder diffraction multi-analyser diffraction filtering heterogeneous materials high-resolution experiments compact-rigid multi-analyser research papers Source Type: research
Jungfraujoch: hardware-accelerated data-acquisition system for kilohertz pixel-array X-ray detectors
The JUNGFRAU 4-megapixel (4M) charge-integrating pixel-array detector, when operated at a full 2 kHz frame rate, streams data at a rate of 17 GB s − 1. To operate this detector for macromolecular crystallography beamlines, a data-acquisition system called Jungfraujoch was developed. The system, running on a single server with field-programmable gate arrays and general-purpose graphics processing units, is capable of handling data produced by the JUNGFRAU 4M detector, including conversion of raw pixel readout to photon counts, compression and on-the-fly spot finding. It was also demonstrated that 30 GB ...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 15, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Leonarski, F. Br ü ckner, M. Lopez-Cuenca, C. Mozzanica, A. Stadler, H.-C. Mat ě j, Z. Castellane, A. Mesnet, B. Wojdyla, J.A. Schmitt, B. Wang, M. Tags: X-ray detectors macromolecular crystallography X-ray image acquisition data acquisition field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) short communications Source Type: research
The structure of tick-borne encephalitis virus determined at X-ray free-electron lasers. Simulations
The study of virus structures by X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) has attracted increased attention in recent decades. Such experiments are based on the collection of 2D diffraction patterns measured at the detector following the application of femtosecond X-ray pulses to biological samples. To prepare an experiment at the European XFEL, the diffraction data for the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was simulated with different parameters and the optimal values were identified. Following the necessary steps of a well established data-processing pipeline, the structure of TBEV was obtained. In the structure determinati...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 15, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Assalauova, D. Vartanyants, I.A. Tags: single-particle imaging XFELs tick-borne encephalitis virus research papers Source Type: research
Fly-scan-oriented motion analyses and upgraded beamline integration architecture for the High-Dynamic Double-Crystal Monochromator at Sirius/LNLS
The High-Dynamic Double-Crystal Monochromator (HD-DCM) is a mechatronic system with unique control-based architecture and deep paradigm changes as compared with traditional beamline monochromators. Aiming at unprecedented inter-crystal positioning stability in vertical-bounce double-crystal monochromators (DCMs) of the order of 10 nrad RMS (1 Hz to 2.5 kHz), and not only in fixed-energy but also in fly-scan operation, it has been developed according to a `first-time right' predictive design approach for hard X-ray beamlines at Sirius, the fourth-generation light source at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laborat...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 14, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Geraldes, R.R. Luiz, S.A.L. de Brito Neto, J.L. Soares, T.R.S. dos Reis, R.D. Calligaris, G.A. Witvoet, G. Vermeulen, J.P.M.B. Tags: vertical double-crystal monochromator synchrotron instrumentation high-performance mechatronics continuous energy scanning beamline integration research papers Source Type: research
FOCUS: fast Monte Carlo approach to coherence of undulator sources
FOCUS (Fast Monte CarlO approach to Coherence of Undulator Sources) is a new GPU-based simulation code to compute the transverse coherence of undulator radiation from ultra-relativistic electrons. The core structure of the code, which is written in the language C++ accelerated with CUDA, combines an analytical description of the emitted electric fields and massively parallel computations on GPUs. The combination is rigorously justified by a statistical description of synchrotron radiation based on a Fourier optics approach. FOCUS is validated by direct comparison with multi-electron Synchrotron Radiation Workshop (SRW) ...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 14, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Siano, M. Geloni, G. Paroli, B. Butti, D. Lef è vre, T. Mazzoni, S. Trad, G. Iriso, U. Nosych, A.A. Torino, L. Potenza, M.A.C. Tags: undulator sources cross spectral density function spectral degree of coherence GPU synchrotron radiation partially coherent radiation Monte Carlo simulations numerical algorithms research papers Source Type: research
Direct LiF imaging diagnostics on refractive X-ray focusing at the EuXFEL High Energy Density instrument
The application of fluorescent crystal media in wide-range X-ray detectors provides an opportunity to directly image the spatial distribution of ultra-intense X-ray beams including investigation of the focal spot of free-electron lasers. Here the capabilities of the micro- and nano-focusing X-ray refractive optics available at the High Energy Density instrument of the European XFEL are reported, as measured in situ by means of a LiF fluorescent detector placed into and around the beam caustic. The intensity distribution of the beam focused down to several hundred nanometers was imaged at 9 keV photon energy. A deviatio...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 9, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Makarov, S. Makita, M. Nakatsutsumi, M. Pikuz, T. Ozaki, N. Preston, T.R. Appel, K. Konopkova, Z. Cerantola, V. Brambrink, E. Schwinkendorf, J.-P. Mohacsi, I. Burian, T. Chalupsky, J. Hajkova, V. Juha, L. Vozda, V. Nagler, B. Zastrau, U. Pikuz, S. Tags: X-ray free-electron lasers X-ray focusing X-ray beam characterization compound refractive lenses focusing system lithium fluoride (LiF) detector research papers Source Type: research
Artifact identification in X-ray diffraction data using machine learning methods
In situ synchrotron high-energy X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) is highly utilized by researchers to analyze the crystallographic structures of materials in functional devices (e.g. battery materials) or in complex sample environments (e.g. diamond anvil cells or syntheses reactors). An atomic structure of a material can be identified by its diffraction pattern along with a detailed analysis of the Rietveld refinement which yields rich information on the structure and the material, such as crystallite size, microstrain and defects. For in situ experiments, a series of XRD images is usually collected on the same sample under...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 9, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Yanxon, H. Weng, J. Parraga, H. Xu, W. Ruett, U. Schwarz, N. Tags: in situ synchrotron high-energy X-ray powder diffraction machine learning image identification and recognition research papers Source Type: research
A magnetically controlled chemical – mechanical polishing (MC-CMP) approach for fabricating channel-cut silicon crystal optics for the High Energy Photon Source
Crystal monochromators are indispensable optical components for the majority of beamlines at synchrotron radiation facilities. Channel-cut monochromators are sometimes chosen to filter monochromatic X-ray beams by virtue of their ultrahigh angular stability. Nevertheless, high-accuracy polishing on the inner diffracting surfaces remains challenging, thus hampering their performance in preserving the coherence or wavefront of the photon beam. Herein, a magnetically controlled chemical – mechanical polishing (MC-CMP) approach has been successfully developed for fine polishing of the inner surfaces of channel-cut crystals. ...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 5, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Hong, Z. Diao, Q. Xu, W. Yuan, Q. Yang, J. Li, Z. Jiang, Y. Zhang, C. Zhang, D. Liu, F. Zhang, X. Liu, P. Tao, Y. Sheng, W. Li, M. Zhao, Y. Tags: channel-cut crystal MC-CMP high-accuracy roughness residue-stress free scratch- and speckle-free research papers Source Type: research
Differential phase contrast for quantitative imaging and spectro-microscopy at a nanoprobe beamline
The interaction of a focused X-ray beam with a sample in a scanning probe experiment can provide a variety of information about the interaction volume. In many scanning probe experiments X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is supplemented with measurements of the transmitted or scattered intensity using a pixelated detector. The automated extraction of different signals from an area pixelated detector is described, in particular the methodology for extracting differential phase contrast (DPC) is demonstrated and different processing methods are compared across a range of samples. The phase shift of the transmitted X-ray beam by the s...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 5, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Quinn, P.D. Cacho-Nerin, F. Gomez-Gonzalez, M.A. Parker, J.E. Poon, T. Walker, J.M. Tags: differential phase contrast DPC ptychography nanoprobe spectro-microscopy research papers Source Type: research
Experimental testing of a prototype cantilevered liquid-nitrogen-cooled silicon mirror
This report presents testing of a prototype cantilevered liquid-nitrogen-cooled silicon mirror. This mirror was designed to be the first mirror for the new soft X-ray beamlines to be built as part of the Advanced Light Source Upgrade. Test activities focused on fracture, heat transfer, modal response and distortion, and indicated that the mirror functions as intended. (Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation)
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 5, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Cutler, G. Cocco, D. Bentley, B. Cervantes, M. Chavez, P. Chrzan, J. DiMaggio, S. Hussey, R. Ilmberger, J. Lindsay, J. Lizotte, E. McCombs, K. Morton, S. Paulovits, G. Pearson, K. Redding, C. Smith, N. Tokunaga, K. Zehm, D. DiMasi, E. Padmore, H. Tags: cantilevered silicon mirrors X-ray optics mirror cooling Advanced Light Source Upgrade research papers Source Type: research
A compact von H á mos spectrometer for parallel X-ray Raman scattering and X-ray emission spectroscopy at ID20 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
A compact spectrometer for medium-resolution resonant and non-resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy in von H á mos geometry is described. The main motivation for the design and construction of the spectrometer is to allow for acquisition of non-resonant X-ray emission spectra while measuring non-resonant X-ray Raman scattering spectra at beamline ID20 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Technical details are provided and the performance and possible use of the spectrometer are demonstrated by presenting results of several X-ray spectroscopic methods on various compounds. (Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation)
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 2, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Sahle, Ch.J. Gerbon, F. Henriquet, C. Verbeni, R. Detlefs, B. Longo, A. Mirone, A. Lagier, M.-C. Otte, F. Spiekermann, G. Petitgirard, S. Tags: X-ray spectroscopy X-ray emission spectroscopy X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy beamlines Source Type: research
Hybrid height and slope figuring method for grazing-incidence reflective optics
In this study, a novel 2D slope-based figuring method is proposed, which employs an alternating objective optimization on the slopes in the x- and y-directions directly. An analytical simulation revealed that the slope-based method achieved smaller residual slope errors than the height-based method, while the height-based method achieved smaller residual height errors than the slope-based method. Therefore, a hybrid height and slope figuring method was proposed to further enable explicit control of both the height and slopes according to the final mirror specifications. An experiment to finish an elliptical-cylindrical mir...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 2, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Wang, T. Huang, L. Ke, X. Zhu, Y. Choi, H. Pullen, W. Negi, V. Kim, D. Idir, M. Tags: ion beam figuring synchrotron optics two-dimensional surface slopes research papers Source Type: research
The PERCIVAL detector: first user experiments
The PERCIVAL detector is a CMOS imager designed for the soft X-ray regime at photon sources. Although still in its final development phase, it has recently seen its first user experiments: ptychography at a free-electron laser, holographic imaging at a storage ring and preliminary tests on X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. The detector performed remarkably well in terms of spatial resolution achievable in the sample plane, owing to its small pixel size, large active area and very large dynamic range; but also in terms of its frame rate, which is significantly faster than traditional CCDs. In particular, it is the comb...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - November 26, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Correa, J. Mehrjoo, M. Battistelli, R. Lehmk ü hler, F. Marras, A. Wunderer, C.B. Hirono, T. Felk, V. Krivan, F. Lange, S. Shevyakov, I. Vardanyan, V. Zimmer, M. Hoesch, M. Bagschik, K. Guerrini, N. Marsh, B. Sedgwick, I. Cautero, G. Stebel, L. Giuressi, Tags: X-ray detectors soft X-rays ptychography holographic imaging XPCS beamlines Source Type: research
