Novel setup for rapid phase contrast CT imaging of heavy and bulky specimens
This work introduces a novel setup for computed tomography of heavy and bulky specimens at the SYRMEP beamline of the Italian synchrotron Elettra. All the key features of the setup are described and the first application to off-center computed tomography scanning of a human chest phantom (approximately 45 kg) as well as the first results for vertical helical acquisitions are discussed. (Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation)
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 23, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Dullin, C. D'Amico, L. Saccomano, G. Longo, E. Wagner, W.L. Reiser, J. Svetlove, A. Albers, J. Contillo, A. Abrami, A. Sturari, L. Tromba, G. Sodini, N. Dreossi, D. Tags: propagation based imaging human chest phantom rapid phase contrast CT beamlines Source Type: research
Beam damage in operando X-ray diffraction studies of Li-ion batteries
This study investigates the extent of X-ray beam damage during operando PXRD synchrotron experiments on battery materials with varying X-ray energies, amount of X-ray exposure and battery cell chemistries. Battery cells were exposed to 15, 25 or 35 keV X-rays (with varying dose) during charge or discharge in a battery test cell specially designed for operando experiments. The observed beam damage was probed by µ PXRD mapping of the electrodes recovered from the operando battery cell after charge/discharge. The investigation reveals that the beam damage depends strongly on both the X-ray energy and the amount of exposu...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 23, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Christensen, C.K. Karlsen, M.A. Drejer, A. Ø . Andersen, B.P. Jakobsen, C.L. Johansen, M. S ø rensen, D.R. Kantor, I. J ø rgensen, M.R.V. Ravnsb æ k, D.B. Tags: batteries operando studies beam damage powder diffraction research papers Source Type: research
Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering endstation at the 1C beamline of Pohang Light Source II
An endstation for resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS), dedicated to operations in the hard X-ray regime, has been constructed at the 1C beamline of Pohang Light Source II. At the Ir L3-edge, a total energy resolution of 34.2 meV was achieved, close to the theoretical estimation of 34.0 meV, which considers factors such as the incident energy bandpass, intrinsic analyzer resolution, geometrical broadening of the spectrometer, finite beam-size effect and Johann aberration. The performance of the RIXS instrument is demonstrated by measuring the RIXS spectra of Sr2IrO4. The endstation can be easily reconfigured ...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 22, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Kim, J.-K. Dietl, C. Kim, H.-W.J. Ha, S.-H. Kim, J. Said, A.H. Kim, J. Kim, B.J. Tags: resonant inelastic X-ray scattering RIXS spectrometer 1C beamline PLS-II hard X-rays beamlines Source Type: research
Single-pulse characterization of the focal spot size of X-ray free-electron lasers using coherent diffraction imaging
The characterization of X-ray focal spots is of great significance for the diagnosis and performance optimization of focusing systems. X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) are the latest generation of X-ray sources with ultrahigh brilliance, ultrashort pulse duration and nearly full transverse coherence. Because each XFEL pulse is unique and has an ultrahigh peak intensity, it is difficult to characterize its focal spot size individually with full power. Herein, a method for characterizing the spot size at the focus position is proposed based on coherent diffraction imaging. A numerical simulation was conducted to verify the...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 22, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Gao, Z. Fan, J. Tong, Y. Zhang, J. He, B. Nie, Y. Luan, H. Lu, D. Zhang, D. Yuan, X. Wang, Y. Liu, Z. Jiang, H. Tags: X-ray free-electron laser coherent diffraction imaging spot size characterization KB focusing research papers Source Type: research
Partially coherent light propagation through a kinoform lens
Combining wave optics propagation and geometric ray tracing, the mutual optical intensity (MOI) model is extended to quantitatively simulate the propagation of partially coherent light through a kinoform lens at high speed. The MOI model can provide both a high accuracy and a high efficiency simulation. The intensity and coherence degree distributions at the focal plane are calculated using the MOI model. It is beneficial to improve the focusing capability of the kinoform lens by reducing the coherence or increasing the number of lens steps. In addition, increasing the number of steps is also beneficial to increase the pho...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 22, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Sun, W. Wang, Y. Meng, X. Ren, J. Cao, J. Li, J. Tai, R. Tags: synchrotron radiation beamline kinoform lens mutual optical intensity partially coherent light research papers Source Type: research
Deep-learning-based ring artifact correction for tomographic reconstruction
This study proposes a new ring artifact correction method based on the residual neural network (ResNet) for X-ray tomography. The artifact correction network uses complementary information of each wavelet coefficient and a residual mechanism of the residual block to obtain high-precision artifacts through low operation costs. In addition, a regularization term is used to accurately extract stripe artifacts in sinograms, so that the network can better preserve image details while accurately separating artifacts. When applied to simulation and experimental data, the proposed method shows a good suppression of ring artifacts....
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 10, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Fu, T. Wang, Y. Zhang, K. Zhang, J. Wang, S. Huang, W. Wang, Y. Yao, C. Zhou, C. Yuan, Q. Tags: ring artifact correction X-ray tomography deep learning residual neural network research papers Source Type: research
Off-axis representation of hyperbolic mirror shapes for X-ray beamlines
Mirror-centered, closed-form expressions for hyperbolic surfaces used in X-ray beamlines have been derived. Hyperbolic mirrors create a virtual focus or source point and can be used to lengthen or shorten the effective focal distance of a compound optical system. The derivations here express off-axis segments of a hyperbolic surface in terms of the real and virtual focal distances and the incident glancing angle at the center of the mirror. Conventional mathematical expressions of hyperbolic shapes describe the surfaces in Cartesian or polar coordinates centered on an axis of symmetry, necessitating cumbersome rotation and...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 10, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Goldberg, K.A. Sanchez del Rio, M. Tags: X-ray mirror hyperbolic Wolter beamline research papers Source Type: research
Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction under high pressures up to 33 MPa for mechanoresponsive materials
Equipment for synchrotron X-ray diffraction at high pressures up to 33 MPa with an accuracy of ± 0.1 MPa using a liquid as a pressure-transmitting medium has been developed. This equipment enables atomic-scale observation of the structural change of mechanoresponsive materials under applied pressures. The validity of the equipment is demonstrated by observation of the pressure dependence of the lattice parameters of copper. The observed bulk modulus of copper was found to be 139 (13) GPa which is a good agreement with the literature value. The developed equipment was subsequently applied to a repeatable me...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 10, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Kasai, H. Liu, J. Xu, C.-N. Nishibori, E. Tags: X-ray diffraction synchrotron radiation high pressure mechanoresponsive materials research papers Source Type: research
Online absolute calibration of fast FEL pulse energy measurements
One of the challenges facing modern free-electron laser (FEL) facilities is the accurate pulse-to-pulse online measurement of the absolute flux of the X-ray pulses, for use by both machine operators for optimization and users of the photon beam to better understand their data. This manuscript presents a methodology that combines existing slow-measurement methods currently used in gas detectors across the world and fast uncalibrated signals from multipliers, meant for relative flux pulse-to-pulse measurements, which create a shot-to-shot absolute flux measurement through the use of sensor-based conditional triggers and algo...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 10, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Jurani ć , P. Alarcon, A. Ischebeck, R. Tags: free-electron lasers FELs shot-to-shot absolute flux measurements research papers Source Type: research
In situ X-ray area detector flat-field correction at an operating photon energy without flat illumination
Flat-field calibration of X-ray area detectors is a challenge due to the inability to generate an X-ray flat-field at the selected photon energy the beamline operates at, which has a strong influence on the measurement behavior of the detector. A method is presented in which a simulated flat-field correction is calculated without flat-field measurements. Instead, a series of quick scattering measurements from an amorphous scatterer is used to calculate a flat-field response. The ability to rapidly obtain a flat-field response allows for recalibration of an X-ray detector as needed without significant expenditure of either ...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 10, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Weng, J. Xu, W. Wiaderek, K.M. Borkiewicz, O.J. Chen, J. Von Dreele, R.B. Gallington, L.C. Ruett, U. Tags: flat-field correction flat-field calibration dectector drift research papers Source Type: research
Photon-shot-noise-limited transient absorption soft X-ray spectroscopy at the European XFEL
Femtosecond transient soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a very promising technique that can be employed at X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) to investigate out-of-equilibrium dynamics for material and energy research. Here, a dedicated setup for soft X-rays available at the Spectroscopy and Coherent Scattering (SCS) instrument at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (European XFEL) is presented. It consists of a beam-splitting off-axis zone plate (BOZ) used in transmission to create three copies of the incoming beam, which are used to measure the transmitted intensity through the excited and unexcited sample, a...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - February 20, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Le Guyader, L. Eschenlohr, A. Beye, M. Schlotter, W. D ö ring, F. Carinan, C. Hickin, D. Agarwal, N. Boeglin, C. Bovensiepen, U. Buck, J. Carley, R. Castoldi, A. D'Elia, A. Delitz, J.-T. Ehsan, W. Engel, R. Erdinger, F. Fangohr, H. Fischer, P. Fiorini, C Tags: transient absorption soft X-ray spectroscopy European XFEL research papers Source Type: research
Adaptive vibration control method for double-crystal monochromator base on VMD and FxNLMS
Double-crystal monochromators (DCMs) are one of the most critical optical devices in beamlines at synchrotron sources, directly affecting the quality of the beam energy and position. As the performance of synchrotron light sources continues to improve, higher demands are placed on the stability of DCMs. This paper proposes a novel adaptive vibration control method combining variational modal decomposition (VMD) and filter-x normalized least mean squares (FxNLMS), ensuring DCM stability under random engineering disturbance. Firstly, the sample entropy of the vibration signal is selected as the fitness function, and the numb...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - February 20, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Bai, Y. Gong, X. Lu, Q. Song, Y. Zhu, W. Xue, S. Wang, D. Peng, Z. Zhang, Z. Tags: active vibration control double-crystal monochromator FxNLMS algorithm variational modal decomposition synchrotron radiation research papers Source Type: research
High-efficiency focusing and imaging by dielectric kinoform zone plate lenses with soft X-rays
With fast advances in enhancing the focusing/imaging resolution of Fresnel zone plate lenses toward sub-10 nm, low diffraction efficiency in connection with their rectangular zone shape still remains a big issue in both soft and hard X-ray microscopy. In hard X-ray optics, encouraging progress has recently been reported in our earlier attempts of high focusing efficiency by 3D kinoform shaped metallic zone plates, formed by greyscale electron beam lithography. This paper addresses our efforts towards high focusing/imaging efficiency by developing a novel dielectric kinoform zone plate lens for soft X-rays. The effects ...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - February 17, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Tong, X. Chen, Y. Xu, Z. Li, Y. Xing, Z. Mu, C. Zhao, J. Zhen, X. Mao, C. Tai, R. Tags: dielectric kinoform zone plate lens greyscale electron beam lithography high-efficiency focusing by soft X-rays X-ray microscopy research papers Source Type: research
In situ wet pharmaceutical granulation captured using synchrotron radiation based dynamic micro-CT
Synchrotron radiation based dynamic micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a powerful technique available at synchrotron light sources for investigating evolving microstructures. Wet granulation is the most widely used method of producing pharmaceutical granules, precursors to products like capsules and tablets. Granule microstructures are known to influence product performance, so this is an area for potential application of dynamic CT. Here, lactose monohydrate (LMH) was used as a representative powder to demonstrate dynamic CT capabilities. Wet granulation of LMH has been observed to occur on the order of several secon...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - February 17, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Ding, X.F. Zeinali Danalou, S. Zhang, L. Zhu, N. Tags: dynamic CT in situ micro-CT time-resolved imaging wet granulation research papers Source Type: research
Mapping the 3D position of battery cathode particles in Bragg coherent diffractive imaging
In Bragg coherent diffractive imaging, the precise location of the measured crystals in the interior of the sample is usually missing. Obtaining this information would help the study of the spatially dependent behavior of particles in the bulk of inhomogeneous samples, such as extra-thick battery cathodes. This work presents an approach to determine the 3D position of particles by precisely aligning them at the instrument axis of rotation. In the test experiment reported here, with a 60 µ m-thick LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 battery cathode, the particles were located with a precision of 20 µ m in the out-of-plane direction, a...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - February 16, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Shabalin, A.G. Zhang, M. Yao, W. Rysov, R. Ren, Z. Lapkin, D. Kim, Y.-Y. Assalauova, D. Mukharamova, N. Sprung, M. Vartanyants, I.A. Meng, Y.S. Shpyrko, O.G. Tags: extra-thick battery cathodes Bragg coherent X-ray diffractive imaging Bragg diffraction sphere of confusion 3D mapping short communications Source Type: research
