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A method for discriminating neutron and gamma waveforms based on a comparison of differences between pulse feature heights
In this study, a simpler machine learning-based method was proposed for discriminating thermal neutron/gamma pulse shapes. The method was tested on data from a CLYC detector using a241Am-Be neutron source. A comparison was made with three traditional methods and three other machine learning-based methods. The proposed method exhibited excellent anti-noise capabilities, particularly at low signal-to-noise ratios. Even with a standard deviation of noise reaching 0.05, the proposed method achieved an accuracy of 90%, surpassing the performance of the six discrimination methods evaluated. (Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry)
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - December 5, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Variation of indoor radon concentration in a walk-in  type  test chamber under controlled environmental conditions
AbstractLong-term internal exposure to radon and its progenies may lead to lung cancer. An experimental setup was arranged to assess the impact of temperature and humidity on the distribution of radon concentration in a walk-in type stability test chamber. Different temperature and humidity conditions were established between 15 –35 °C and 45–85%, respectively. Passive measurement of radon concentration was carried out using pinhole dosimeters on a monthly basis. The average radon concentration was found to increase with an increase in temperature and decreases with an increase in humidity. The distribution of radon ...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - December 2, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Investigation of adsorption mechanism of Mo(VI) by baker's yeast and applicability to the uranium liquid waste treatment process
AbstractRadioactive liquid wastes contaminated by U are generated by solvent extraction of nuclear fuel materials in experiments of reprocessing technologies. We are focusing on baker's yeasts for their excellent metal ions adsorption characteristics, easy handling, and reasonable. We considered that chemically stable uranium oxides could be obtained by thermal decomposition of baker's yeast adsorbed with U, and investigated the waste liquid treatment process using baker's yeast. To clarify the adsorption mechanism, this study analyzed baker's yeast adsorbed with a simulant of the U. Uranium adsorption test was conducted t...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - December 2, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Determination of 226Ra in urine and water samples and sequential separation of 228Ra and 90Sr in drinking water
AbstractAmong natural radionuclides,226Ra and228Ra intake can contribute considerably to radiological dose. Liquid scintillation counting offers a reliable and sensitive method for measurement in environmental (water) and biological (urine) matrices. While the determination of226Ra in water is quite simple, its determination in urine requires a suitable radiochemical procedure. In both cases an indirect measurement of daughter222Rn (with218Po and214Po) in secular equilibrium allows to determine226Ra activity. Moreover, in presence of anthropogenic radionuclides, a sequential separation of228Ra and90Sr in water has been dev...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - December 2, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Removal of fission product tellurium and iodine from recently irradiated HEU using copper metal
AbstractGamma detection of select fission products or activation products such as153Sm and239Np in a fission sample is difficult due to gamma interferences from radiotellurium and radioiodine. To aid in the detection of these difficult-to-detect nuclides, the radiotellurium and radioiodine were removed using Cu metal turnings. This method is highly effective at the removal of the interfering radionuclides removing  >  98% of the radiotellurium and radioiodine. A mechanistic study was conducted. Determining the deposition mechanism, using a number of techniques including XANES and electrochemistry providing an unders...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - December 1, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Pulsed neutron logging responses of gas-bearing tight sandstone reservoir-numerical analysis and quantitative evaluation
AbstractUsing the Monte Carlo method, we conducted a comprehensive numerical simulation to investigate the response of the pulsed neutron logging in gas-bearing tight sandstone reservoir. We developed the saturation evaluation method based on the relative variation of the epithermal neutron count rates (denoted byDe). Moreover, influential factors including the reservoir property, the fluid compositions, the gas saturation, as well as the solid components are investigated. The relationship between the gas saturation andDe was established. The study provided a theoretical support for the quantitative characterization of gas...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - December 1, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Novel simplified synthesis of diglycolamides extractants
This study offers a new simplified approach of diglycolamides synthesis, extraction agents used in separation procedures in various fields of nuclear chemistry such as waste management, spent nuclear fuel reprocessing, radioecology or radiopharmacy. The synthesis is assisted by coupling agent, propylphosphonic anhydride, commercially known as T3P®. Using this agent allows to perform the synthesis in a single step and to synthesize also novel types of diglycolamides that have not been described, yet. Thus, this approach helps to widen the spectrum of prepared diglycolamides and possible use of these extraction agents. Prep...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - December 1, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Development of RF GD-OES technique for chemical qualification of BWR and PHWR core components
AbstractThe present paper discusses about a new method developed for determining the quality of BWR and PHWR core components with respect to chemistry viz; determination of alloying elements as well as impurities using Radio Frequency Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectrometer (RF GD-OES). Various experimental parameters of Glow discharge plasma such as forward power, Argon gas pressure inside plasma chamber, pre-integration time and integration time have been optimized using ‘‘Single parameter alternative method’’. The method has been validated using Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) and also by comparing wit...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - December 1, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

PIXE analysis of contaminants in tree rings in proximity of the aluminum processing factory in Ladomersk á Vieska (Slovakia)
AbstractThe aluminum smelter in the Žiar nad Hronom region of central Slovakia was a substantial source of pollution in the past. Five trees were sampled in close proximity to the smelter and the tree rings were chemically processed and analyzed with the PIXE technique. Elevated concentrations of Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Fe, and Zn were observed in tree rings, however, they did not show a significant correlation with PM, HF and SO2 emission rates. Concentration trends show a significant effect of the heartwood-sapwood boundary layer, where a substantial drop or increase was observed between tree-ring sections. (Source: Jo...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - November 30, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

A synthesis of novel phenol formaldehyde type dibenzo-18-crown-6 resin for Zn(II) and zinc isotope separation
AbstractA novel phenol formaldehyde crown ether adsorbent PS@DB18C6 for the separation of Zn isotopes was synthesized by grafting of dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6) onto polystyrene (PS) particles with phenol formaldehyde. In batch adsorption experiments, the highest isotope discriminations ( Δ66Zn  = 38.8, Δ68Zn  = 75.0) was obtained in 200 ppm Zn(II) acetone solution at 10 °C. Through chromatographic experiments, the separation coefficients of 5 m migration distance are 6.85 × 10–4 and 1.507  × 10–3. for the isotopic pairs of66Zn/64Zn,68Zn/64Zn respectively at 25  °C and the flow rate of feed so...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - November 29, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Purification of organic liquid waste containing sodium dodecylbenzensulfonate and oxalic acid using Y2O3 particles
This study explored the role of Y2O3 particles in the removal of organic matter (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and oxalic acid). The total removal of organic matter was analyzed by considering the precipitation ratio, the particle-induced removal ratio, and the electrochemical oxidation ratio. When Y2O3 particles were added, the organic matter was effectively removed by precipitation and adsorption; however, the removal ratio by the EAOP decreased significantly. Furthermore, when using more than 40  g/L of Y2O3, it was found that the organic liquid waste could be treated without applying electrochemical oxidation through...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - November 29, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Electrochemical and thermodynamic properties of Pu(III) ions at the Mo electrode in LiCl –KCl eutectics
AbstractTo enhance the extraction of remaining fissile nuclides from spent nuclear fuel through pyrochemical reprocessing, the operational lifetime of such fuels can be extended, ultimately leading to increased cost efficiency and a reduction in the amount of radioactively contaminated waste generated by fast-neutron reactors. Understanding the electrochemical behavior of fissile nuclides in LiCl –KCl is pivotal to the success of molten salt electrorefining pyrochemical reprocessing. In this pursuit, a comprehensive study of Pu(III) salt was conducted to comprehend its electrochemical characteristics within molten chlori...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - November 29, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Chitosan-poly(imide dioxime) semi-interpenetrating network hydrogel for efficient uranium recovery from seawater
AbstractThe development of high-performance adsorbents is highly demanded in sustainable production of nuclear power. Herein, porous chitosan-poly(imide dioxime) (Cs-PIDO) hydrogel with semi-interpenetrating structure was prepared. Cs-PIDO-1 showed rapid kinetics, high adsorption capacity and excellent regeneration capability. Impressively, the capture speed of Cs-PIDO-1 reached 0.35  mg g−1 d−1 during the first 2-week extraction and its 4-week adsorption capacity was up to 5.75  mg g−1 in real seawater. The superior uranium harvesting performance originated from the cooperation effect of hierarchically porous s...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - November 28, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Radiation profile mapping and health impact assessment due to 222Rn exposure from groundwater in coal mining city Asansol, West Bengal, India
Abstract222Rn activity was measured in Asansol city and the adjacent mining area, West Bengal, India.222Rn concentrations were found to vary in the range 6.4 –145, 1080–91002, and 2070–180000 Bqm−3 in indoor air, soil gas, and groundwater, respectively. Total effective doses (TEDs) due to222Rn exposure were also estimated. In some sampling locations, TEDs appear to exceed the maximum permissible limit (100 µSvy−1).222Rn concentration variation contour mapping was prepared. Carcinogenic health risk factors (HRF) due to222Rn activity were also estimated. In some places, HRFs are found to be very high (>  perm...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - November 28, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Determination of the elemental composition of Mentha arvenis, Trigonella foenum-graecum L., and Cinnamomum tamala using instrumental neutron activation analysis technique
AbstractMentha arvenis (Mint),Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Indian bay leaf), andCinnamomum tamala (fenugreek) were studied for trace elements using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Highest concentrations of Mn, Na and were quantified in Mint, Ca and Cl in bay leaves while fenugreek was found to be rich in Al, Co, Cr, Fe, Mg, Rb, Sc and Sr. K/Na ratios of greater than 1 predict the suitability of use of these herbs by hypertensive subjects. When compared with the recommended dietary allowance for an adult it was seen that most of the measured elements are essential in our daily diet and therefore these herb...
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - November 28, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research