Dietary Supplementation with Cholic Acid Reduces Insulin Secretion in Response to Intraperitoneal Glucose Administration in Rats
In this study, we investigated whether the rise of enterohepatic 12-hydroxylated BAs associates with glucose tolerance and/or insulin secretion using rats fed a diet supplemented with cholic acid (CA) at a level of 0.5 g/kg diet. Almost no increase was observed in plasma insulin in response to the intraperitoneal glucose administration in the CA-fed rats despite the significant increase of plasma insulin in control with the same treatment. In contrast, the changes in insulin secretion were observed in both groups and no difference was detected between the groups in the oral glucose tolerance test. Increases were observed i...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Fumika Yokoyama Reika Yoshitsugu Hiromichi Yamazaki Satoshi Ishizuka Source Type: research

A Short-Term Zinc-Deficient Diet Maintains Serum Calcium Concentrations through Ca Absorption-Related Gene Expression in Rats
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2024;70(1):82-87. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.70.82.ABSTRACTWe investigated the effects of short-term dietary zinc deficiency on zinc and calcium metabolism. Four-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into two pair-fed groups for a 1-wk treatment: zinc-deficient group (ZD, 1 ppm); control group (PF, 30 ppm). The mRNA expression of zinc transporters, such as Slc39a (Zip) 4, Zip5, Zip10, and Slc30a (ZnT) 1, in various tissues (liver, kidney, and duodenum) quickly responded to dietary zinc deficiency. Although there was no significant difference in serum calcium concentrations between the PF and ZD groups...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Takako Suzuki Kazuharu Suzuki Jun Takahashi Yukio Nakamura Source Type: research

Oral Administration of Apple Pectin Solution Improves Atopic Dermatitis in a Mouse Model
In this study, we investigated the effect of oral apple pectin administration on skin inflammation in an AD mouse model and examined changes in T cells involved in AD. To induce AD, a picryl chloride solution was applied to the shaved back skin of male NC/Nga mice. AD mice then received an oral apple pectin solution (0.4% or 4%) for 35 d. Compared with untreated AD mice, mice in both apple pectin-treated groups showed improvement in AD-induced inflammation and skin symptoms. Histological evaluation showed that apple pectin treatment attenuated epidermal thickening and decreased the number of mast cells and CD4+ cells in AD...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Asuka Fujisaki Aya Matsui Kosuke Shiki Rika Tateishi Tatsuki Itoh Source Type: research

Chronic Ethanol Intake Impairs Niacin Nutritional Status in Mice
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2024;70(1):1-8. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.70.1.ABSTRACTNiacin is involved in many biological reactions relating energy metabolism, redox reactions, DNA repair and longevity. Since niacin deficiency has been reported in alcoholic patients, and niacin coenzyme NAD is used as substrate to dehydrogenate ethanol in the liver, ethanol consumption can be a factor to impair niacin nutritional status. We have recently established the niacin insufficient model mice using kynurenine 3-monooxygenase knock out (KMO-/-) mice with niacin-limited diet, which lack the de novo NAD synthesis pathway from tryptophan. To ...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Amane Mizutani Chihiro Goto Hidetsugu Fujigaki Yasuko Yamamoto Kuniaki Saito Sho Hatayama Tsutomu Fukuwatari Source Type: research

Cholesterol-Lowering and Antioxidant Effects of Pork-Liver Protein Hydrolysate in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty Rats
In this study, we investigated the effects of a porcine liver protein hydrolysate (PLH) diet on lipid metabolism in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, a model of type II diabetes. OLETF rats (20-wk-old males) were pair-fed with either a PLH diet containing 20% PLH or a casein diet for 14 wk. Dietary PLH significantly lowered serum cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations, mainly by decreasing low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein fractions. Fecal cholesterol was significantly increased in the PLH diet group; however, the total bile acid concentration in the feces was not significantly differe...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Muneshige Shimizu Shin Kamiyama Hideyuki Sone Toshihide Nishimura Source Type: research

Investigation of Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Profiles of Japanese Diets Using the Food Exchange Lists for Diabetes Diet
This study suggests the importance of evaluating diet using AA and FA units.PMID:38417849 | DOI:10.3177/jnsv.70.25 (Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology)
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ayari Tsumura Hisami Yamanaka-Okumura Hana Kawakami Shiori Yamamoto Mayu Oura Hiroshi Tatano Hirokazu Ohminami Masashi Masuda Yutaka Taketani Source Type: research

Antioxidant Vitamin Intake and LOX-Index in Japanese Municipal Workers
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2024;70(1):36-43. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.70.36.ABSTRACTAntioxidant vitamin intake has been reported to be associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases. To date, however, no study has examined the association between antioxidant vitamin intake and LOX-index, a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the cross-sectional association between antioxidant vitamin (α-carotene, β-carotene, α-tocopherol, and vitamin C) intake and LOX-index in Japanese municipal workers. Participants were 346 workers (171 men and 175 women aged 19-71 y) who received a health check-up a...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Mirai Sakanari Masanori Ohta Mayumi Nagano Yoko Umeki Akiko Nanri Source Type: research

Impact of Energy Malnutrition on Exacerbation Hospitalization in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Retrospective Observational Study
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2024;70(1):44-52. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.70.44.ABSTRACTNutritional disorders in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with cachexia, sarcopenia, and weight loss. In particular, weight loss is a prognostic factor in COPD independent of pulmonary function, and energy malnutrition is a contributing factor. Frequent exacerbation hospitalization is also a prognostic factor for COPD patients. The impact of energy malnutrition on adverse events such as exacerbation hospitalization is unknown, and this study aimed to investigate that. We included 163 male subjects with C...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Manabu Tomita Hiroo Matsuse Ryuki Hashida Kenta Murotani Masaru Uchida Megumi Monji Emiko Tokushima Yujiro Imaizumi Yusuke Nanri Koji Hiraoka Source Type: research

PA YEAST SC-1, Polyamine-Rich Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Induces Muscle Hypertrophy in C2C12 Myotubes
We examined whether PA YEAST SC-1 induces muscle hypertrophy and elucidated the underlying action mechanisms of polyamines and the active ingredients in PA YEAST SC-1 using C2C12 myotubes. PA YEAST SC-1 at 1 mg/mL increased myosin heavy chain expression in C2C12 myotubes. Mechanistically, PA YEAST SC-1 induced the activation of Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase/p70S6K signaling. Furthermore, PA YEAST SC-1 decreased the expression levels of the ubiquitin ligases, atrogin-1 and muscle RING finger-1, via forkhead box O1 phosphorylation. These findings suggest PA YEAST SC-1 as an effective food ingredient for the trea...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Yasukiyo Yoshioka Keigo Onishi Kensuke Yasui Noriyuki Miyoshi Source Type: research

Upregulation Effect of Citrus Species on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2024;70(1):61-71. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.70.61.ABSTRACTBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that plays fundamental roles in neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity. Its upregulation in the brain can effectively prevent and treat central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including depression, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). BDNF is synthesized in various peripheral tissues as well as in the brain and can be transported from peripheral circulation into the brain through the blood-brain barrier. Therefore, foods that upregulate BDNF in peripheral tissues ma...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kensuke Nakajima Ahreum Han Arisa Kayano Shigeru Oiso Source Type: research

Nutritional and Training Strategies for Actual Competition in World-Class Japanese Female Wrestler: A Case Report
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2024;70(1):72-75. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.70.72.ABSTRACTWrestlers have a risk of relative energy deficiency in sports because they believe that they can gain an advantage over their opponents by temporarily adopting weight-making strategies even women. However, precise methods of making weight and the effect of manipulating body mass (BM) on health and performance in female wrestlers have not been reported. Our study aimed to report a case of weight making in a world-class female wrestler, who won the world competition seven times in 5-y and had oligomenorrhea. We obtained the BM, blood, urine, and ...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Emi Kondo Masashi Saito Akiko Uchizawa Shinsuke Tamai Koichi Watanabe Hiroyuki Sagayama Source Type: research

Dietary Supplementation with Cholic Acid Reduces Insulin Secretion in Response to Intraperitoneal Glucose Administration in Rats
In this study, we investigated whether the rise of enterohepatic 12-hydroxylated BAs associates with glucose tolerance and/or insulin secretion using rats fed a diet supplemented with cholic acid (CA) at a level of 0.5 g/kg diet. Almost no increase was observed in plasma insulin in response to the intraperitoneal glucose administration in the CA-fed rats despite the significant increase of plasma insulin in control with the same treatment. In contrast, the changes in insulin secretion were observed in both groups and no difference was detected between the groups in the oral glucose tolerance test. Increases were observed i...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Fumika Yokoyama Reika Yoshitsugu Hiromichi Yamazaki Satoshi Ishizuka Source Type: research

A Short-Term Zinc-Deficient Diet Maintains Serum Calcium Concentrations through Ca Absorption-Related Gene Expression in Rats
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2024;70(1):82-87. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.70.82.ABSTRACTWe investigated the effects of short-term dietary zinc deficiency on zinc and calcium metabolism. Four-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into two pair-fed groups for a 1-wk treatment: zinc-deficient group (ZD, 1 ppm); control group (PF, 30 ppm). The mRNA expression of zinc transporters, such as Slc39a (Zip) 4, Zip5, Zip10, and Slc30a (ZnT) 1, in various tissues (liver, kidney, and duodenum) quickly responded to dietary zinc deficiency. Although there was no significant difference in serum calcium concentrations between the PF and ZD groups...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Takako Suzuki Kazuharu Suzuki Jun Takahashi Yukio Nakamura Source Type: research

Oral Administration of Apple Pectin Solution Improves Atopic Dermatitis in a Mouse Model
In this study, we investigated the effect of oral apple pectin administration on skin inflammation in an AD mouse model and examined changes in T cells involved in AD. To induce AD, a picryl chloride solution was applied to the shaved back skin of male NC/Nga mice. AD mice then received an oral apple pectin solution (0.4% or 4%) for 35 d. Compared with untreated AD mice, mice in both apple pectin-treated groups showed improvement in AD-induced inflammation and skin symptoms. Histological evaluation showed that apple pectin treatment attenuated epidermal thickening and decreased the number of mast cells and CD4+ cells in AD...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Asuka Fujisaki Aya Matsui Kosuke Shiki Rika Tateishi Tatsuki Itoh Source Type: research

Chronic Ethanol Intake Impairs Niacin Nutritional Status in Mice
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2024;70(1):1-8. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.70.1.ABSTRACTNiacin is involved in many biological reactions relating energy metabolism, redox reactions, DNA repair and longevity. Since niacin deficiency has been reported in alcoholic patients, and niacin coenzyme NAD is used as substrate to dehydrogenate ethanol in the liver, ethanol consumption can be a factor to impair niacin nutritional status. We have recently established the niacin insufficient model mice using kynurenine 3-monooxygenase knock out (KMO-/-) mice with niacin-limited diet, which lack the de novo NAD synthesis pathway from tryptophan. To ...
Source: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology - February 28, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Amane Mizutani Chihiro Goto Hidetsugu Fujigaki Yasuko Yamamoto Kuniaki Saito Sho Hatayama Tsutomu Fukuwatari Source Type: research