Colonic Fermentation and Acetate Production in Youth with and without Obesity
ConclusionsThese data suggest that youth with obesity ferment lactulose to a lesser degree than youth without obesity and that colonic acetate serves as a substrate for hepatic DNL.This trial was registered atclinicaltrials.gov as NCT03454828. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 7, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Variation in AIN-93G/M Diets Across Different Commercial Manufacturers: Not All AIN-93 Diets are Created Equal
ABSTRACTRecognizing the importance of standardized experimental diets, the AIN endorsed the generation of diets for rodents, AIN-93G and -93M, that are composed of purified ingredients and meet the nutrient requirements of rodents at different stages of life. Use of these diets was intended to allow for comparability and reproducibility of studies among laboratories and over time. Although it was anticipated that commercial manufacturers would follow the published formulations precisely, this is not always the case. Here, we present the diversity in macronutrient and micronutrient profiles across 15 commercial manufacturer...
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 7, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Disparities in Risks of Inadequate and Excessive Intake of Micronutrients during Pregnancy
ConclusionsImproved diet quality is needed for most pregnant females. Even with dietary supplement use,>20% of participants were at risk of inadequate intake of ≥1 micronutrients, especially in some population subgroups. Pregnancy may be a window of opportunity to address disparities in micronutrient intake that could contribute to intergenerational health inequalities. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 7, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Infant Metabolome in Relation to Prenatal DHA Supplementation and Maternal Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism rs174602: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Mexico
ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate differences in infant metabolism in response to prenatal DHA supplementation by maternal SNP rs174602 and further support the need to incorporate genetic analysis ofFADS polymorphisms into DHA supplementation trials.This trial was registered atclinicaltrials.gov as NCT00646360. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 7, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Delayed Processing of Chilled Whole Blood for 24 Hours Does Not Affect the Concentration of the Majority of Micronutrient Status Biomarkers
ConclusionsIn blood collected from adult participants, delayed processing of chilled whole blood for 24 hours did not materially affect the measured concentrations of the majority of micronutrients and selected clinical biomarkers. This suggests that for these analytes, adherence to a 2-hour processing protocol may be unnecessary. This knowledge is valuable and may help to simplify logistics for sample transport and processing of blood samples for micronutrient status assessment. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 6, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Machine Learning Identifies Stool pH as a Predictor of Bone Mineral Density in Healthy Multiethnic US Adults
ConclusionsModifiable factors, such as diet, explained less variation in the data compared with nonmodifiable factors, such as age, sex, and ethnicity, in healthy US men and women. Low stool pH predicted higher BMC and BMD. This trial was registered atwww.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02367287. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 6, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Higher Habitual Flavonoid Intakes Are Associated with a Lower Incidence of Diabetes
ConclusionsThe findings reported in this study suggest that a diet abundant in flavonoid-rich foods may help ameliorate diabetes risk, in part through a reduction in body fat. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 6, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Predictors of Age at Juice Introduction and Associations with Subsequent Beverage Intake in Early and Middle Childhood
ConclusionsMarkers of lower socioeconomic status are strongly associated with earlier juice introduction, which, in turn, relates to sugary beverage intake in childhood, potentially replacing water. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 6, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Incorporation of Dietary Amino Acids Into Myofibrillar and Sarcoplasmic Proteins in Free-Living Adults Is Influenced by Sex, Resistance Exercise, and Training Status
ConclusionsThe exercise-induced incorporation of dietary phenylalanine into myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins is attenuated after training regardless of sex, suggesting a reduced reliance on dietary amino acids for postexercise skeletal muscle remodeling in the T state. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 6, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Call for Emergency Action to Limit Global Temperature Increases, Restore Biodiversity, and Protect HealthWealthy nations must do much more, much faster*
The UN General Assembly in September 2021 will bring countries together at a critical time for marshalling collective action to tackle the global environmental crisis. They will meet again at the biodiversity summit in Kunming, China, and the climate conference (COP26) in Glasgow, UK. Ahead of these pivotal meetings, we —the editors of health journals worldwide—call for urgent action to keep average global temperature increases below 1.5°C, halt the destruction of nature, and protect health. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 6, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants Fed with Soy Formula: A Retrospective, National Population-Based Observational Cohort Study
ConclusionsFeeding with soy formula rather than cow's milk formula had no apparent association with increased risks of epilepsy, ADHD, ASD, and developmental status, according to this cohort composed of a general pediatric population. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 6, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Adverse Maternal Environment and Postweaning Western Diet Alter Hepatic CD36 Expression and Methylation Concurrently with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mouse Offspring
ConclusionsUsing a mouse AME model together with postweaning WD, this study demonstrates a role for CD36 in AME-induced NAFLD in offspring and reveals 2 regions of environmentally induced epigenetic heterogeneity withinCd36. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 6, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Systematic Review of the Effects of Oat Intake on Gastrointestinal Health
ConclusionsOat intake was associated with the increase of beneficial bacterial groups in individuals without GI disease and those with CeD. Most studies showed no changes in GI symptoms with oat consumption. In vitro studies in CeD provide insight to oat-sensitive individuals and their GI mucosa, but the clinical studies remain limited, precluding our ability to draw firm conclusions. The prevalence of oat sensitivity in individuals with CeD should be further explored as this could improve clinical management and facilitate inclusion of oat in the diet for this population. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 6, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Calendar of Events
Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, events around the world are being postponed or moved online. For the most current information on events listed below, please visit the meeting's website. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - September 4, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Measuring Postprandial Metabolic Flexibility to Assess Metabolic Health and Disease
ABSTRACTMetabolic abnormalities substantially increase the risk of noncommunicable diseases, which are among the leading causes of mortality globally. Mitigating and preventing these adverse consequences remains challenging due to a limited understanding of metabolic health. Metabolic flexibility, a key tenet of metabolic health, encompasses the responsiveness of interrelated pathways to maintain energy homeostasis throughout daily physiologic challenges, such as the response to meal challenges. One critical underlying research gap concerns the measurement of postprandial metabolic flexibility, which remains incompletely u...
Source: Journal of Nutrition - August 12, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
