Current status of molecular diagnostic approaches using liquid biopsy
AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers, and developing an efficient and reliable approach for its early-stage diagnosis is urgently needed. Precancerous lesions of PDAC, such as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN), arise through multiple steps of driver gene alterations inKRAS,TP53,CDKN2A,SMAD4, orGNAS. Hallmark mutations play a role in tumor initiation and progression, and their detection in bodily fluids is crucial for diagnosis. Recently, liquid biopsy has gained attention as an approach to complement p...
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - July 20, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
MAFLD: an optimal framework for understanding liver cancer phenotypes
AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma has a substantial global mortality burden which is rising despite advancements in tackling the traditional viral risk factors. Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most prevalent liver disease, increasing in parallel with the epidemics of obesity, diabetes and systemic metabolic dysregulation. MAFLD is a major factor behind this sustained rise in HCC incidence, both as a single disease entity and often via synergistic interactions with other liver diseases. Mechanisms behind MAFLD-related HCC are complex but is crucially underpinned by systemic metabolic dys...
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - July 20, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Preoperative mechanical bowel preparation using conventional versus hyperosmolar polyethylene glycol-electrolyte lavage solution before laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer (TLUMP test): a phase III, multicenter randomized controlled non-inferiority trial
ConclusionsASC-PEG is effective for preoperative bowel preparation in patients undergoing laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer and is non-inferior to PEG-ELS. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - July 18, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Risk of pneumonia associated with proton pump inhibitor use
(Source: Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - July 16, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for cholelithiasis 2021
AbstractThe Japanese Society of Gastroenterology first published evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for cholelithiasis in 2010, followed by a revision in 2016. Currently, the revised third edition was published to reflect recent evidence on the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cholelithiasis conforming to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Following this revision, the present English version of the guidelines was updated and published herein. The clinical questions (CQ) in the previous version were reviewed and rearranged into three newly divided categories...
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - July 15, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors associated with higher recurrence-free survival in postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma (PREVENT): a prospective, multicentric cohort study
ConclusionsICIs alone or with TKIs may improve RFS of patients at high risk of HCC recurrence after curative resection. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - July 14, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Dual FGFR and VEGFR inhibition synergistically restrain hexokinase 2-dependent lymphangiogenesis and immune escape in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
ConclusionsDual FGFR and VEGFR inhibition inhibits lymphangiogenesis through suppression of c-MYC-dependent and HIF-1 α-mediated HK2 expression, respectively. HK2 downregulation decreased glycolytic activity and further attenuated PD-L1 expression. Our findings suggest that dual FGFR and VEGFR blockade is an effective novel combination strategy to inhibit lymphangiogenesis and improve immunocompetence in iCCA. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - July 11, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Ferroptosis in the colon epithelial cells as a therapeutic target for ulcerative colitis
ConclusionsSuppression of ferroptosis by indigo naturalis in the intestinal epithelium could be therapeutic target for ulcerative colitis. The main active ingredient of indigo naturalis may be indirubin. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - July 6, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
VIRMA facilitates intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression through epigenetic augmentation of TMED2 and PARD3B mRNA stabilization
ConclusionsThe present study showed that VIRMA plays a critical role in ICC development by stabilizing TMED2 and PARD3B expression through the m6A –HuR-mediated mechanism. Thus, demonstrating VIRMA and its pathway as candidate therapeutic targets for ICC treatment. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - June 30, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
