Isolation and characterization of reference standard candidates for cocaine and benzoylecgonine obtained from illicit substances seized
J Forensic Sci. 2024 Mar 22. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.15502. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe area of forensic chemistry has been growing and developing as a line of research due to the high demands of public safety that require increasingly reliable results due to their importance in criminalistics. In this way, the development of new technologies that help this area, whether in the identification and quantification of drugs or the fight against fraud, becomes promising. In this context, the present work explored the production of reference standards from the purification of cocaine/crack samples seized by the Civil Police...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 23, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Clebson de Jesus Macrino Nayara A Dos Santos Nath ália Dos S Conceição Clara S D Baptista Alvaro Cunha Neto Wanderson Rom ão Source Type: research
Concentration units used to report blood- and breath-alcohol concentration for legal purposes differ between countries which is important to consider when blood/breath ratios of alcohol are compared and contrasted
J Forensic Sci. 2024 Mar 22. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.15511. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis technical note reviews the plethora of concentration units used to report blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) and breath-alcohol concentrations (BrAC) for legal purposes in different countries. The choice of units sometimes causes confusion when scientific papers originating from a certain country might be introduced into evidence via expert testimony, such as when alcohol-related crimes are prosecuted. The concentration units are also important to consider when blood/breath ratios (BBRs) of alcohol are calculated and compared betwe...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 23, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Alan Wayne Jones Source Type: research
Isolation and characterization of reference standard candidates for cocaine and benzoylecgonine obtained from illicit substances seized
J Forensic Sci. 2024 Mar 22. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.15502. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe area of forensic chemistry has been growing and developing as a line of research due to the high demands of public safety that require increasingly reliable results due to their importance in criminalistics. In this way, the development of new technologies that help this area, whether in the identification and quantification of drugs or the fight against fraud, becomes promising. In this context, the present work explored the production of reference standards from the purification of cocaine/crack samples seized by the Civil Police...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 23, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Clebson de Jesus Macrino Nayara A Dos Santos Nath ália Dos S Conceição Clara S D Baptista Alvaro Cunha Neto Wanderson Rom ão Source Type: research
An exploratory view into allelic drop-out of sequenced autosomal STRs
This study supports using common allelic drop-out factors used in fragment length analysis on sequenced STRs while including additional locus, sample, and run specific information. Results demonstrate multiple factors that can be considered when developing probability of allelic drop-out models for sequenced autosomal STRs including locus-specific analysis, total read count of a profile, and total read count sequenced on a flow cell.PMID:38505986 | DOI:10.1111/1556-4029.15504 (Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences)
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 20, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Megan M Foley Gerwald Koehler Jun Fu Robert Allen Jarrad R Wagner Source Type: research
A study on the estimation of area of origin of swing cast-off pattern
J Forensic Sci. 2024 Mar 20. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.15510. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA), a field of forensic science, there has been active discussion on the estimation of the area of origin of impact spatter. However, there is no established methodology to quantitatively analyze the area of origin of a swing cast-off pattern. To quantitatively analyze the methodology of previous research on estimation of area of origin, a device for generating uniform swing cast-off patterns was produced. Using artificial blood, 10 swing cast-off patterns were generated on porous paper; in each, 10 bl...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 20, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Sang-Yoon Lee Hwa-Seon Lim Ho-Yong Yie Ki-Jong Rhee Sung-Min Kim Young-Il Seo Source Type: research
An exploratory view into allelic drop-out of sequenced autosomal STRs
This study supports using common allelic drop-out factors used in fragment length analysis on sequenced STRs while including additional locus, sample, and run specific information. Results demonstrate multiple factors that can be considered when developing probability of allelic drop-out models for sequenced autosomal STRs including locus-specific analysis, total read count of a profile, and total read count sequenced on a flow cell.PMID:38505986 | DOI:10.1111/1556-4029.15504 (Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences)
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 20, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Megan M Foley Gerwald Koehler Jun Fu Robert Allen Jarrad R Wagner Source Type: research
A study on the estimation of area of origin of swing cast-off pattern
J Forensic Sci. 2024 Mar 20. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.15510. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA), a field of forensic science, there has been active discussion on the estimation of the area of origin of impact spatter. However, there is no established methodology to quantitatively analyze the area of origin of a swing cast-off pattern. To quantitatively analyze the methodology of previous research on estimation of area of origin, a device for generating uniform swing cast-off patterns was produced. Using artificial blood, 10 swing cast-off patterns were generated on porous paper; in each, 10 bl...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 20, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Sang-Yoon Lee Hwa-Seon Lim Ho-Yong Yie Ki-Jong Rhee Sung-Min Kim Young-Il Seo Source Type: research
An exploratory view into allelic drop-out of sequenced autosomal STRs
This study supports using common allelic drop-out factors used in fragment length analysis on sequenced STRs while including additional locus, sample, and run specific information. Results demonstrate multiple factors that can be considered when developing probability of allelic drop-out models for sequenced autosomal STRs including locus-specific analysis, total read count of a profile, and total read count sequenced on a flow cell.PMID:38505986 | DOI:10.1111/1556-4029.15504 (Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences)
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 20, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Megan M Foley Gerwald Koehler Jun Fu Robert Allen Jarrad R Wagner Source Type: research
A study on the estimation of area of origin of swing cast-off pattern
J Forensic Sci. 2024 Mar 20. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.15510. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA), a field of forensic science, there has been active discussion on the estimation of the area of origin of impact spatter. However, there is no established methodology to quantitatively analyze the area of origin of a swing cast-off pattern. To quantitatively analyze the methodology of previous research on estimation of area of origin, a device for generating uniform swing cast-off patterns was produced. Using artificial blood, 10 swing cast-off patterns were generated on porous paper; in each, 10 bl...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 20, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Sang-Yoon Lee Hwa-Seon Lim Ho-Yong Yie Ki-Jong Rhee Sung-Min Kim Young-Il Seo Source Type: research
Postmortem chondrocyte viability in porcine articular cartilage: Influence of time, temperature, and burial under winter conditions
J Forensic Sci. 2024 Mar 15. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.15503. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of time, temperature, and burial in a natural environment on the viability of chondrocytes in porcine femoral condyles using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Hind trotters from 10 pigs were buried or left unburied. Samples were collected daily and stained with a combination of vital dyes (calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer-1). The chondrocytes showed an intense staining corresponding to their vitality. In the first 3 days, viability decreased slowly and showed no statistical...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 16, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Marko Cvetko Tanja Knific Robert Frange ž Helena Motaln Boris Rogelj Armin Alibegovi ć Mitja Gomba č Source Type: research
The influence of altitude on the abundance and occurrence of species of the family Calliphoridae (Diptera) in corpses in a Mediterranean area
In this study, we analyzed the influence of altitude on the abundance and diversity of Calliphoridae species in corpses at three different altitudes (400, 900, and 1500 m a.s.l.) in a mountainous area of southeastern Spain. The results revealed a gradient of decreasing abundance with increasing altitude. An altitudinal substitution of species was observed, with Chrysomya albiceps being found at the lowest altitude and Calliphora vicina at the highest altitude. Seasonal variation was also noted, with Ch. albiceps being the dominant species in the warmer months and C. vicina being the dominant species in winter. Our results ...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 16, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Mar ía Pérez-Marcos Laura Ruiz-Franco M ª Dolores García Elena L ópez-Gallego M ª Isabel Arnaldos Source Type: research
Development research of latent fingermarks based on aggregation-induced emission technique
In this study, we proposed an aggregation-induced emission atomization technique (AIE-AT) to obtain high-quality fingermark images. Six volunteers made over 1566 fingerprint samples on 17 different objects. The quality of fingermark development was evaluated using grayscale analysis for quantitative assessment, combining the fluency of fingermark ridges and the degree of level 2 and level 3 features. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to explore the effectiveness of AIE molecule C27 H19 N3 SO in developing fingermarks, its applicability to objects, and its individual selectivity. Additionally, the stab...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 16, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Shuai Liang Shu-Hui Gao Source Type: research
An evaluation of the cannabinoid content of the liquid and thermal degradation analysis of cannabis-labeled vape liquids
J Forensic Sci. 2024 Mar 15. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.15508. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCannabidiol (CBD) vape pen usage has been on the rise given the changing political and scientific climate as well as the promotion of these delivery systems as a more accessible and lower-risk option for consumers. Despite being marketed as a safer way to use cannabis, CBD vape liquids are sold without restrictions or meticulous quality control procedures such as toxicological and clinical assessment, standards for product preservation, or investigative degradation analyses. Nine CBD-labeled vape liquid samples purchased and manufactur...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 16, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Sara Moreno Ashley Trouten-Ebert Lauren L Richards-Waugh Rosalynn Qui ñones Source Type: research
Postmortem chondrocyte viability in porcine articular cartilage: Influence of time, temperature, and burial under winter conditions
J Forensic Sci. 2024 Mar 15. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.15503. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of time, temperature, and burial in a natural environment on the viability of chondrocytes in porcine femoral condyles using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Hind trotters from 10 pigs were buried or left unburied. Samples were collected daily and stained with a combination of vital dyes (calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer-1). The chondrocytes showed an intense staining corresponding to their vitality. In the first 3 days, viability decreased slowly and showed no statistical...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 16, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Marko Cvetko Tanja Knific Robert Frange ž Helena Motaln Boris Rogelj Armin Alibegovi ć Mitja Gomba č Source Type: research
The influence of altitude on the abundance and occurrence of species of the family Calliphoridae (Diptera) in corpses in a Mediterranean area
In this study, we analyzed the influence of altitude on the abundance and diversity of Calliphoridae species in corpses at three different altitudes (400, 900, and 1500 m a.s.l.) in a mountainous area of southeastern Spain. The results revealed a gradient of decreasing abundance with increasing altitude. An altitudinal substitution of species was observed, with Chrysomya albiceps being found at the lowest altitude and Calliphora vicina at the highest altitude. Seasonal variation was also noted, with Ch. albiceps being the dominant species in the warmer months and C. vicina being the dominant species in winter. Our results ...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - March 16, 2024 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Mar ía Pérez-Marcos Laura Ruiz-Franco M ª Dolores García Elena L ópez-Gallego M ª Isabel Arnaldos Source Type: research
