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Evidence suggestive of uncontrollable attitude acquisition replicates in an instructions-based evaluative conditioning paradigm: Implications for associative attitude acquisition
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Olivier Corneille, Adrien Mierop, Christoph Stahl, Mandy Hütter (Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology)
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - August 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Comparing value coding models of context-dependence in social choice
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Linda W. Chang, Samuel J. Gershman, Mina CikaraAbstractDecision-makers consistently exhibit violations of rational choice theory when they choose among several alternatives in a set (e.g., failing to buy the best product in a set when it is presented alongside high-quality alternatives). Many of society's most significant social decisions similarly involve the joint evaluation of multiple candidates. Are social decisions subject to the same violations, and if so, what account best characterizes the nature of the violations...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - August 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Autonomous morals: Inferences of mind predict acceptance of AI behavior in sacrificial moral dilemmas
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): April D. Young, Andrew E. MonroeAbstractThree studies compared people's judgments of autonomous vehicles (AVs) and humans faced with a moral dilemma. Study 1 showed that, for identical decisions, AVs were judged as more blameworthy, less moral, and less trustworthy compared to humans. However, perceiving AVs as having a human-like mind reduced this difference. Study 2 extended this finding by manipulating AV mindedness. Describing AVs' decision-making capacity in mentalistic terms (relative to mechanistic terms) reduced bl...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - August 4, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Foreign language effects on moral dilemma judgments: An analysis using the CNI model
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Michał Białek, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Bertram GawronskiAbstractAccording to the principle of utilitarianism, the moral status of an action depends on its consequences for the greater good; the principle of deontology states that the moral status of an action depends on its consistency with moral norms. Previous research suggests that processing moral dilemmas in a foreign language influences utilitarian and deontological response tendencies. However, because the two kinds of moral inclinations were confounded with gen...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - August 2, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Cockroaches, performance, and an audience: Reexamining social facilitation 50 years later
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Dylan Perez Neider, Megumi Fuse, Gaurav SuriAbstractWhat are the underlying mechanisms driving social facilitation? Some social psychologists have proposed that social facilitation may be driven by basic mechanisms such as the level of arousal produced by the presence of an audience, while others have ascribed it to more socially and cognitively complex drivers such as a self-aware quest for social approval. In a now seminal study, Zajonc, Heingartner, and Herman (ZHH) (1969) demonstrated that the audience effect of social...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - August 1, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Why people abandon groups: Degrading relational vs collective ties uniquely impacts identity fusion and identification
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Ángel Gómez, Alexandra Vázquez, Lucía López-Rodríguez, Sanaz Talaifar, Mercedes Martínez, Michael D. Buhrmester, William B. SwannAbstractSix studies explored the mechanisms that diminish allegiance to social groups. Results showed that degrading either collective ties (i.e., sentiments toward the group as a whole) or relational ties (i.e., sentiments toward individual group members) lowered identity fusion with the group (Studies 1–3 & 6). Lowered fusion, in turn, explained the tendency for weakened collective and...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - August 1, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

How innuendo shapes impressions of task and intimacy groups
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Alex J. Benson, Esti Azizi, M. Blair Evans, Mark Eys, Steven R. BrayAbstractMoving in and out of voluntary groups is an important feature of our social lives. We integrated theory on the functional benefits of group membership with a process termed the innuendo effect (Kervyn et al., 2012) to test how the absence of warmth or competence information shapes desire for group membership. Across three studies (Study 1a, N = 185; Study 1b, N = 359; Study 2, N = 429), we used an experimental vignette methodology in wh...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - July 30, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

How do people translate their experiences into abstract attribute preferences?
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Paul W. Eastwick, Leigh K. Smith, Alison LedgerwoodAbstractIn many literatures, scholars study summarized attribute preferences: overall evaluative summaries of an attribute (e.g., a person's liking for the attribute “attractive” in a mate). But we know little about how people form these ideas about their likes and dislikes in the first place, in part because of a dearth of paradigms that enable researchers to experimentally change people's attribute preferences. Drawing on theory and methods in covariation detection a...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - July 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

It's only funny if we say it: Disparagement humor is better received if it originates from a member of the group being disparaged
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Michael Thai, Alex M. Borgella, Melanie S. SanchezAbstractThree studies investigated whether disparagement humor would be received more positively if the source of the humor is part of the group being disparaged than if they are not a member of the disparaged group. In Study 1, participants examined a straight or gay source making either a disparaging joke targeting gay people or a control joke not disparaging gay people. In Study 2, participants examined a White, Black, or Asian source making a disparaging joke targeting ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - July 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

When choosing means losing: Regret enhances repetitive negative thinking in high brooders
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Jens Allaert, Rudi De Raedt, Marie-Anne VanderhasseltAbstractPast research suggests a relation between rumination (i.e., a form of repetitive negative thinking and a well-established vulnerability factor for depression) and regret (i.e., negative emotions containing self-blame, connected to cognitions about how past personal actions might have achieved better outcomes). However, these relations have not yet been investigated in experimental designs, and it has not been investigated how regret is related to both trait and s...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - July 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Consequences of attributing discrimination to implicit vs. explicit bias
Publication date: September 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 84Author(s): Natalie M. Daumeyer, Ivuoma N. Onyeador, Xanni Brown, Jennifer A. RichesonAbstractImplicit bias has garnered considerable public attention, with a number of behaviors (e.g., police shootings) attributed to it. Here, we present the results of 4 studies and an internal meta-analysis that examine how people reason about discrimination based on whether it was attributed to the implicit or explicit attitudes of the perpetrators. Participants' perceptions of perpetrator accountability, support for punishment, level of concern a...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - July 25, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The power of moral concerns in predicting whistleblowing decisions
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): James A. Dungan, Liane Young, Adam WaytzAbstractWhistleblowers risk great personal cost to expose injustice. While their actions are sometimes deemed morally courageous, existing evidence that whistleblowers are primarily motivated by moral concerns is mixed. Moreover, little is known about the extent to which moral concerns predict whistleblowing relative to other organizational and situational factors. To address these gaps, we present two studies demonstrating the power of moral concerns in predicting whistleblowing dec...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - July 25, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Dynamic distance: Use of visual and verbal means of communication as social signals
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Brittany Torrez, Cheryl Wakslak, Elinor AmitAbstractAcross seven studies, we investigated how people's motivation to signal a proximity or distance orientation affects their choice of visual versus verbal means of communication. To explore this question we asked people to communicate using visual or verbal means of representation within diverse contexts (friendship: Studies 1a–1b, 4, and 5, workplace interactions: Studies 2a–2b, and professional websites: Study 3). Across all studies we found that people prefer visual ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - July 25, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Disgust sensitivity and opposition to immigration: Does contact avoidance or resistance to foreign norms explain the relationship?
This study aimed to disentangle these accounts. Participants (N = 975) were randomly assigned to read a description of an immigrant who had high or low contact with locals and high or low assimilation to local norms. The effect of disgust sensitivity on sentiments toward the immigrant (and immigrants like him) was compared across conditions. Results supported the traditional norms account: disgust sensitivity related to anti-immigrant sentiments when the immigrant was described as not assimilating to local norms, but not when he was described as assimilating. Contrary to the outgroup avoidance account, the relationship...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - July 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Advice taking under uncertainty: The impact of genuine advice versus arbitrary anchors on judgment
Publication date: November 2019Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 85Author(s): Mandy Hütter, Klaus FiedlerAbstractA major module of rational advice taking consists in the metacognitive ability to distinguish between credible advice and arbitrary anchors. Accordingly, we investigated the extent to which framing the very same information as either advice or anchor exerts a differential influence on quantitative judgments. Four experiments showed that although arbitrary anchors were given lower weight than advice, they nevertheless exerted a systematic impact on final judgments. Degree of integration w...
Source: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology - July 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research