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Liver Attenuation Assessment in Reduced Radiation Chest Computed Tomography
This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of liver and spleen Hounsfield units (HU) measurements in reduced radiation computed tomography (RRCT) of the chest within the sub-millisievert range. Methods We performed a prospective, institutional review board–approved study of accrued patients who underwent unenhanced normal-dose chest CT (NDCT) and with an average radiation dose of less than 5% of NDCT. In-house artificial intelligence–based denoising methods produced 2 denoised RRCT (dRRCT) series. Hepatic and splenic attenuations were measured on all 4 series: NDCT, RRCT, dRRCT1, and dRRCT2. Statistical analys...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - September 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Abdominopelvic Imaging: Gastrointestinal Source Type: research

Malignant Gastrointestinal Neuroectodermal Tumor: A New Kid on the Block?
Also referred to as “osteoclast-rich, clear cell sarcoma–like tumor of the gastrointestinal tract (CCSLGT),” malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor is a newly described, rare, aggressive sarcoma that commonly arises in the small bowel, stomach, and colon. Histogenesis is likely from an autonomous nervous system–related primitive cell of neural crest origin. The hallmark genetic finding of EWS-CREB1 or EWS-ATF1 fusion transcripts clinches the diagnosis. Annular constrictive lesions tend to be smaller, show homogenous contrast enhancement on computed tomography, and may present with bowel obstruction. Large...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - September 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Abdominopelvic Imaging: Gastrointestinal Source Type: research

Editors' Recognition of Reviewers' Service and Awards for Distinction for Reviewing in 2021
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - September 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

Value of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prediction of Treatment Outcomes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Conclusions A multivariable prediction model using a combination of ADC ≥1.45 × 10−3 mm2/s, Vp ≥0.14, and high stage can be effective for treatment response prediction in NPC patients. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Neuroimaging: Head and Neck Source Type: research

High Body Mass Index and Change in Cervical Carotid Artery Position on Serial Scans: A Retrospective Study of an Unexplained Phenomenon
Conclusions There is a higher prevalence of wandering common and internal carotid arteries in obese patients with large abdominal circumference irrespective of age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, or carotid atherosclerosis. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Neuroimaging: Head and Neck Source Type: research

Evaluation of Guideline Adherence and Subsequent Follow-Up Outcomes for Incidental Thyroid Nodules Detected in Hybrid Academic-Community Practice
Objective Incidental thyroid nodules (ITNs) are common, and variability regarding follow-up and recommendation practices exist. The study purpose was to determine adherence to the American College of Radiology (ACR) ITN criteria and analyze recommendation outcomes. Methods ITNs listed in the impression section on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography studies over a 6-month period were included. Report recommendations were compared with ACR white paper criteria for adherence (concordant recommendation) or nonadherence (discordant recommendation). Reader characteristics,...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Neuroimaging: Head and Neck Source Type: research

A Study on the Persistent Trigeminal Artery and Its Classification Based on Magnetic Resonance Angiograph Images
Conclusions We redefined the classification of PTA based on Weon typing for a better understanding of clinical symptoms and surgical risks. Moreover, PTA was correlated with the fetal origin of PCA, BA dysplasia, and posterior circulation arteriosclerosis. These factors may increase the incidence of cerebral infarction in the posterior circulation blood supply area. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Neuroimaging: Brain Source Type: research

Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Spine: Imaging Grading Diagnosis and Prognosis
This study aimed to investigate the imaging features and prognosis of spinal solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) of different pathological grades. Methods The clinical features, computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) images, and follow-up data of 23 patients with SFTs were reviewed. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to their pathological manifestations: grade 1 (n = 3), grade 2 (n = 14), and grade 3 (n = 6). The following imaging features were recorded: location, computed tomography density/MR intensity, enhancement pattern, dural tail sign, adjacent bone remodeling, lobulation, and tumor size. T...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Musculoskeletal Imaging Source Type: research

Kinematic Tibiofibular Syndesmotic Measurements as Indicators of Tibiotalar Osteoarthritis: Exploratory Analysis Using 4-Dimensional Computed Tomography
Conclusions Our exploratory cross-sectional analysis shows that SAD measurement changes during motion using 4DCT are correlated with the tibiotalar OA grading. This measurement may be used but requires confirmation in larger studies including patients with actual syndesmotic injuries. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Musculoskeletal Imaging Source Type: research

A Decade of Success in Melanoma Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy: What Every Radiologist Should Know
Treatment strategies for malignant melanoma have rapidly evolved over the past decade. Because of its propensity to develop advanced stage and metastatic disease, melanoma has contributed to the majority of mortalities among patients with skin cancer. The development of novel therapeutics such as immunotherapy and targeted molecular therapies has revolutionized the treatment of patients with advanced stage and metastatic malignant melanoma. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, BRAF/MEK inhibitors, and other revolutionary therapies have demonstrated remarkable success in the treatment of this common malignancy. Along with these ad...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Multisystem: Oncology Source Type: research

Acing the Fundamentals of Radiology: An Online Series for Medical Students and Interns
Purpose The current undergraduate radiology education predominantly integrates radiology with other disciplines during preclerkship years and is often taught by nonradiologists. Early exposure to radiology and profound understanding of scientific fundamentals of imaging modalities and techniques are essential for a better understanding and interest in the specialty. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic–related impact on in-person medical education aggravated the need for alternative virtual teaching initiatives to provide essential knowledge to medical students. Methods The authors designed an online 7-session c...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Health Policy and Practice: Education Source Type: research

Commentary On: Image Quality Evaluation in Dual Energy CT of the Chest, Abdomen and Pelvis in Obese Patients with Deep Learning Image Reconstruction
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: CT: Technology and Physics Source Type: research

Image Quality Evaluation in Dual-Energy CT of the Chest, Abdomen, and Pelvis in Obese Patients With Deep Learning Image Reconstruction
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate image quality in vascular and oncologic dual-energy computed tomography (CT) imaging studies performed with a deep learning (DL)–based image reconstruction algorithm in patients with body mass index of ≥30. Methods Vascular and multiphase oncologic staging dual-energy CT examinations were evaluated. Two image reconstruction algorithms were applied to the dual-energy CT data sets: standard of care Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction (ASiR-V) and TrueFidelity DL image reconstruction at 2 levels (medium and high). Subjective quality criteria were indepen...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: CT: Technology and Physics Source Type: research

Feasibility of Deep Learning–Based Noise and Artifact Reduction in Coronal Reformation of Contrast-Enhanced Chest Computed Tomography
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a deep learning method for imaging artifact and noise reduction in coronal reformation of contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT). Methods A total of 19,052 coronal reformatted chest CT images of 110 CT image sets (55 pairs of concordant 16- and 320-row CT image sets) were included and used to train a deep learning algorithm for artifact and noise correction. For internal validation, 4093 coronal reformatted CT images of 25 patients from 16-row CT images underwent correction processing. For external validation, chest CT images of 30 patients (1028 coronal refo...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Chest Imaging Source Type: research

Preoperative Patient and Lesion Features Are Valuable for Predicting the Prognosis of Resectable Peripheral Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Conclusions Tumor size, density, and preoperative CEA level were independent prognostic factors of patients with resectable peripheral NSCLCs. Preoperative computed tomography findings can be valuable for predicting the prognosis of patients with NSCLC after surgery. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Chest Imaging Source Type: research