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Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder Status Post–Solid Organ Transplant Presenting to the Emergency Department: Single Institute Experience
Conclusions Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder is a serious consequence of solid organ transplantation that can present in various locations and with varied symptomatology in the emergency setting. Other posttransplant complications may present similarly including chronic rejection and infection. Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder should be considered in SOT patients presenting with worsening abdominal pain or constitutional symptoms, even with normal laboratory workup. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: CT: Technology and Physics Source Type: research

Comparison of Radiation Dose and Image Quality Between Split-Filter Twin Beam Dual-Energy Images and Single-Energy Images in Single-Source Contrast-Enhanced Chest Computed Tomography
Objective To compare image quality and radiation dose of split-filter TwinBeam dual-energy (SF-TBDE) with those of single-energy images (SECT) in the contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT). Methods Two hundred patients who underwent SF-TBDE (n = 100) and SECT (n = 100) contrast-enhanced chest scanning were retrospectively analyzed. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and figure of merit (FOM)-CNR of 5 structures (lung, aorta, pulmonary artery, thyroid, and erector spinae) were calculated and subjectively evaluated by 2 independent radiologists. Radiation dose was compared using volume CT dose index and s...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: CT: Technology and Physics Source Type: research

Accuracy of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Techniques for Fat Quantification in Comparison With Magnetic Resonance Proton Density Fat Fraction and Single-Energy Computed Tomography in an Anthropomorphic Phantom Environment
Conclusions Dual-energy computed tomography fat fraction shows linear correlation with true fat content in the range up to 50% fat fraction. Dual-energy computed tomography fat fraction has comparable estimation error and shows noninferiority to MR PDFF in detecting small differences in fat content across different body sizes. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: CT: Technology and Physics Source Type: research

A Metric for Quantification of Iodine Contrast Enhancement (Q-ICE) in Computed Tomography
Conclusions A quality metric for quantifying CT contrast enhancement was developed and suggested tangible opportunities for quality improvement and potential financial savings. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: CT: Technology and Physics Source Type: research

Ordinal Scoring of Coronary Artery Calcification by Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Objective To assess coronary artery calcification (CAC) in patients with acute pulmonary embolism and determine whether this correlates with right ventricular dilation (RVD) and mortality. Methods Computed tomography pulmonary angiography scans of 330 patients were used to perform retrospective assessment of the pulmonary artery computed tomography obstruction index (PACTOI), the right/left ventricle diameter ratio, the diameter of the pulmonary trunk, and the ordinal CAC score. Results Age (P (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Cardiovascular: Cardiac Source Type: research

Monosodium Urate Crystal Deposition in Coronary Artery Plaque by 128-Slice Dual-Energy Computed Tomography: An Ex Vivo Phantom and In Vivo Study
The objective was to assess whether dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) allows for detection of MSU in coronary plaque. Methods Patients were examined with 128-slice DECT applying a cardiac electrocardiogram-gated and peripheral extremity protocol. Patients were divided into 3 groups: gout (tophi>1 cm in peripheral joints), hyperuricemia (>6.5 mg/dL serum uric acid), and controls. The groups were matched for cardiovascular risk factors. Monosodium uric acid–positive (+) and calcified plaque were distinguished, and the coronary artery calcium score was calculated. Ex vivo phantom: MSU solutions were diluted in d...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Cardiovascular: Cardiac Source Type: research

Impact of Image Reconstruction Parameters on Abdominal Aortic Calcification Measurement Using Abdominal Computed Tomography
Conclusions Slice thickness and DFOV can impact AAC score measurement. A description of reconstruction parameters is important to allow comparisons across different cohorts. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Cardiovascular Source Type: research

Risk Stratification of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Texture Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether texture analysis of contrast-enhanced T1 weighted images could predict risk of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Methods The study included 185 DCIS lesions that were classified as either low risk or non–low risk using surgical pathology records. All magnetic resonance imaging texture analyses were performed using postprocessing software, and texture-derived parameters were extracted. Results The sphericity, compactness, and spherical disproportion were significantly different in the low-risk and non–low risk groups using the Van Nuys Prognosti...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Breast Imaging Source Type: research

Texture Analysis of Computed Tomography Images in the Lung of Patients With Breast Cancer
Conclusions Texture analysis may serve as a novel additional tool for discovering conventionally invisible changes in the lung tissue of patients with breast cancer. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Breast Imaging Source Type: research

Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2018 IB to IIB Cervical Cancer Staging: Comparison Among Magnetic Resonance Sequences and Pathologies
Conclusions Cervical cancer staging by MR images showed no significant difference among T2-weighted image, diffusion-weighted image, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image. Adenocarcinoma was prone to be measured as smaller than the pathologic specimen compared with SCC. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Abdominopelvic Imaging: Gynecologic Source Type: research

Texture Analysis of Tumor and Peritumoral Tissues Based on 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Hybrid Imaging in Patients With Rectal Cancer
This study aimed to determine whether texture parameters could be used in differentiation between the tumor and the peritumoral tissues based on hybrid 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging for patients with rectal cancer. Methods Seven parameters, including heterogeneity, entropy, energy, skewness, kurtosis, standard deviation, and average brightness, were extracted from positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans of 22 patients (12 male and 10 female; mean age, 61 ± 2 years). Results The peritumoral tissue had a significantly lower value of the heterogen...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Abdominopelvic Imaging: Gastrointestinal Source Type: research

Reader Performance as a Function of Patient Size for the Detection of Hepatic Metastases
Conclusions Reader performance was independent of patient size, suggesting that variable-noise AEC provides better modulation for larger patients than constant-noise AEC. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Abdominopelvic Imaging: Gastrointestinal Source Type: research

Machine Learning and Deep Learning in Oncologic Imaging: Potential Hurdles, Opportunities for Improvement, and Solutions—Abdominal Imagers' Perspective
The applications of machine learning in clinical radiology practice and in particular oncologic imaging practice are steadily evolving. However, there are several potential hurdles for widespread implementation of machine learning in oncologic imaging, including the lack of availability of a large number of annotated data sets and lack of use of consistent methodology and terminology for reporting the findings observed on the staging and follow-up imaging studies that apply to a wide spectrum of solid tumors. This short review discusses some potential hurdles to the implementation of machine learning in oncologic imaging, ...
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Abdominopelvic Imaging Source Type: research

Commentary: Recollections From the Early Days of Computed Tomography
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - November 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

Quantitative Histogram Analysis of T2-Weighted and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Images for Prediction of Malignant Thymic Epithelial Tumors
Conclusion The ADC-based histogram analysis could help to differentiate between high-risk and low-risk TETs. (Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography - September 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Thoracic Imaging Source Type: research