Macroscopy of specimens from the head and neck
Macroscopic examination of surgical resections from the head and neck may be difficult due to the complex anatomy of this area. Recognition of normal anatomical structures is essential for accurate assessment of the extent of a disease process. Communication with the surgical team, correct specimen orientation and sampling are critical for assessment and the importance of radiological and clinical correlation is emphasised. Tumour involvement at each subsite is highlighted with reference to where there are implications on pathological staging and the potential need for adjuvant therapy. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - February 19, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Conn, B., Pring, M., Jones, A. V. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Macroscopy of specimens from the genitourinary system
Macroscopic specimen examination is often critical for accurate histopathology reporting but has generally received insufficient attention and may be delegated to inexperienced staff with limited guidance and supervision. This review discusses issues around macroscopic examination of some common urological specimens; highlighting findings that are critical for patient management and others that are clinically irrelevant. Macroscopic findings are of limited value in completely submitted radical prostatectomy specimens but may be critical in orchidectomy specimens where identification of focal non-seminomatous components can...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - February 19, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Varma, M., Dormer, J. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Essentials of macroscopic evaluation of specimens from gastrointestinal tract
An astute macroscopic examination, coupled with correlating the gross findings with clinical indication and operative notes along with judicious, yet all pertinent sectioning for pathological examination is crucial for an accurate histopathological diagnosis, eventually leading to optimal patient care. This succinct review highlights the general concepts that lay the foundation of evaluating and grossing specimens from the luminal gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We also discuss the gross evaluation and sectioning of small therapeutic resections, along with a systematic approach and rationale when grossing and submitting histo...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - February 19, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Vyas, M., Karamchandani, D. M. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Macroscopic examination of pathology specimens: a critical reappraisal
Meticulous macroscopic examination of specimens and tissue sampling are crucial for accurate histopathology reporting. However, macroscopy has generally received less attention than microscopy and may be delegated to relatively inexperienced practitioners with limited guidance and supervision. This introductory paper in the minisymposium, Macroscopy Under the Microscope, focuses on issues regarding macroscopic examination and tissue sampling that have been insufficiently addressed in the published literature. It highlights the importance of specimen examination and sampling, discusses some general principles, outlines chal...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - February 19, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Varma, M., Collins, L. C., Chetty, R., Karamchandani, D. M., Talia, K., Dormer, J., Vyas, M., Conn, B., Guzman-Arocho, Y. D., Jones, A. V., Pring, M., McCluggage, W. G. Tags: Editor's choice Review Source Type: research
Macroscopic pathology and all that: a personal view
I hope that this treatise adds to the excellent reviews by Varma and colleagues, emphasising the importance of accurate macroscopic assessment and report provision. I have especially highlighted the importance of not divorcing the clinical data and the macroscopic analysis from the microscopic assessment as all are required to provide an accurate and cogent overall composition. The review has also identified areas where the evolution of pathological practice has gone a little awry and requires to be modified and/or justified with evidence base. There is also an emphasis on block economy, as there is no doubt that considera...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - February 19, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Shepherd, N. A. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Assessment of large droplet fat in frozen sections of donor liver biopsies: utility and interobserver variability of the newly described Banff method compared to a simplified Average of Fields method
Conclusions
There is high interobserver and intraobserver concordance of LDF% between the Banff and AF methods. LDF% determined by the Banff definition was lower than with LDF definition 2, and needs to be validated based on graft outcome before it can be recommended for clinical use. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - February 19, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Kikuchi, A. T., Akanuma, N., Choi, W.-T., Gill, R. M., Kakar, S. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Endometriosis with colonic mucosal colonisation: a diagnostic confounder
Conclusion
Endometriosis occasionally (4/38; 10.5%) colonises colonic epithelium, potentially mimicking a metastasis or intraepithelial neoplasia/dysplasia. Although unusual, this phenomenon was observed in half of specimens from patients with mucosal involvement in whom a mass or stricture suggested malignancy, a potentially misleading pattern of endometriosis. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - February 19, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Adler, J., Algashaamy, K., Garcia de Buitrago, M. T., Pinto, A., Montgomery, E. A. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Machine-learning-based image analysis algorithms improve interpathologist concordance when scoring PD-L1 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on tumour cells is the only predictive biomarker of response to immuno-modulatory therapy for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accuracy of this biomarker is hampered by its challenging interpretation. Here we explore if the use of machine-learning derived image analysis tools can improve interpathologist concordance of assessing PD-L1 expression in NSCLC.
Five pathologists who routinely score PD-L1 at a major regional referral hospital for thoracic surgery participated. 13 NSCLC small diagnostic biopsies were stained for PD-L1 (SP263 clone) and digitally scanned...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Haragan, A., Parashar, P., Bury, D., Cross, G., Gosney, J. R. Tags: Open access Short report Source Type: research
Improving practice in PD-L1 testing of non-small cell lung cancer in the UK: current problems and potential solutions
Conclusions
There is inconsistency in the crucial endpoint of PD-L1 testing of NSCLC, the expression score that guides management. Addressing this requires formal networking of individuals and laboratories to devise a strategy for its reduction. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Gosney, J. R., Peake, M. D., Kerr, K. M. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research
Prognostic value and tumour microenvironment characteristics of the Glasgow Microenvironment Score in primary triple-negative breast cancer
Conclusion
Our study suggested that the GMS is a prognostic indicator for patients with TNBC. As an accessible and effective index, the GMS may be a promising tool to help clinicians assess prognostic risk and TME for patients with TNBC. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Lu, X., Wang, Y., He, M., Gou, Z. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
GTF2I mutation in micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma
Conclusions
GTF2I mutation status and presence of spindle cell morphology may indicate that type A and AB thymoma, and micronodular thymoma represent a group biologically distinct from type B thymomas, which generally lack this mutation. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Bille, A., Fryer, K., Wallace, A., Nonaka, D. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Characterisation of T cell receptor repertoires in coeliac disease
Conclusions
Small intestinal TRB and TRG repertoires of patients with CD are more diverse than individuals without CD, likely due to mucosal recruitment and accumulation of T cells because of protracted inflammation. Enrichment of the unique TRG CDR3 AA sequence in the mucosa of patients with CD may suggest disease-associated changes in the TCR IE lymphocyte (IEL) landscape. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Lee, L. W., Shafiani, S., Crossley, B., Emerson, R. O., Williamson, D., Bunin, A., Vargas, J., Han, A. S., Kaplan, I. M., Green, P. H. R., Kirsch, I., Bhagat, G. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research
Clinicopathological and genetic analyses of pulmonary enteric adenocarcinoma
Conclusions
The rates of dirty necrosis, immunopositivity for CDX2 and TP53 mutations were significantly higher, while that of KRAS mutations was significantly lower in PEAC cases than in IMA cases. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Okada, F., Takeda, M., Fujii, T., Uchiyama, T., Sasaki, S., Matsuoka, M., Nitta, Y., Terada, C., Maebo, K., Morita, K., Ishida, E., Sawabata, N., Ohbayashi, C. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Comparative analyses of tumour immune microenvironment between collecting duct carcinoma and fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma
Conclusions
Our results suggest the difference of each tumour microenvironment between CDC and FH-deficient RCC, and IL-8 is a potential therapeutic target for treating CDC, but not FH-deficient RCC. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Kiyozawa, D., Kohashi, K., Takamatsu, D., Umekita, S., Eto, M., Kinjo, M., Nishiyama, K., Taguchi, K., Oshiro, Y., Kuboyama, Y., Oda, Y. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Health impacts in pathology workforce during mergers and acquisitions (M&A)
Conclusion
LPs exposed to M&A are more likely to experience higher levels of burn-out but having social support can protect against burn-out, which has policy implications for leadership managing laboratories in times of M&A. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Chiou, P. Z., Herring, R. P., Oh, J., Medina, E. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
