Novel pooling strategy with sample concentration for screening of SARS-CoV-2
Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for rapidly confirming infection with SARS-CoV-2. However, the great demand for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing has outpaced its supply in some scenarios, such as the large-scale testing of asymptomatic subjects for public health interventions. Notably, sample pooling, that is, combining multiple samples before and after nucleic acid extraction into a single test sample, has the potential to improve the available RT-PCR testing capacity.1 2 However, compromised sensitivity caused by the sample dilution effect can lead to higher rates of false-negative results in low-viral-l...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Wang, X., Huang, Z., Song, J., Zhao, R., Xiao, Y., Wang, H. Tags: COVID-19 PostScript Source Type: research
Rapid serum clot tubes reduce haemolysis due to pneumatic tube transport
Conclusion
This study demonstrates RST tubes can significantly reduce PTS-induced haemolysis and can be recommended for poor PTS routes. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Koch, C. D., Vera, M. A., El-Khoury, J. M. Tags: Short report Source Type: research
Proteomic characterisations of ulcerative colitis endoscopic biopsies associate with clinically relevant histological measurements of disease severity
Conclusions
Pathologist-guided MS assessments provide a complementary approach to histological scoring systems. Additional studies are indicated to verify the utility of this novel approach. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Gruver, A. M., Westfall, M. D., Ackermann, B. L., Hill, S., Morrison, R. D., Bodo, J., Lai, K. K., Gemperline, D. C., Hsi, E. D., Liebler, D. C., Schmitz, J., Benschop, R. J. Tags: Open access Short report Source Type: research
Auxiliary diagnostic value of D2-40 in early lung adenocarcinoma and precursor lesions
Conclusions
The results from our study suggested that D2-40 can be sued as auxiliary diagnostic tool in early lung adenocarcinoma and its precursor lesions. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Hongxia, W., Qingqing, Y., Chunfang, Z., Jun, C., Jing, L., Guofeng, L., Rong, Y. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Adipophilin expression in skin lesions with clear cell histology
Conclusions
ADP is useful in identifying intracytoplasmic lipids and can be used to diagnose skin lesions with clear cell histology, especially in some lesions with characteristic labelling. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Li, F.-Z., Ye, Q., Ran, L.-W., Fang, S. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Thyroid diagnostic modalities (fine needle aspiration and core needle biopsy) with histology correlation: a tertiary centre experience
Conclusions
The proportion of cases in each RCPath Thy category has remained relatively stable during the 9-year study period, with the exception of the Thy3a category, which has increased over time. This finding is in line with other more recent reports in the literature and the proportion of T3 cases in the CNB group. The proportion of Thy2/Thy2c cases has also reduced over time, reflecting a local change in the triaging protocol for probable benign lesions. Both FNA and CNB showed comparable performance in our study. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Appukutty, S. J., Paterson, A., Patel, N. S., Duckworth, A., Chan, J., O'Donovan, M., Marker, A. J. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Adequacy of small biopsy and cytology specimens for comprehensive genomic profiling of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer to determine eligibility for immune checkpoint inhibitor and targeted therapy
Conclusion
The growing numbers of therapeutic biomarkers in NSCLC requires judicious triage of limited-volume tissue from small specimens. Our study showed that thoracic small tissue specimens can be used successfully to provide prognostic and predictive information for the current guideline-recommended biomarkers for NSCLC in most cases. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Faber, E., Grosu, H., Sabir, S., San Lucas, F. A., Barkoh, B. A., Bassett, R. L., Luthra, R., Stewart, J., Roy-Chowdhuri, S. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Expression of p16Ink4a protein in pleomorphic adenoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma proves diversity of tumour biology and predicts clinical course
Conclusions
Our study confirms no p16Ink4a expression in normal tissue, but reveals differences in expression between ‘fast’ and ‘slow’ PA. We suggest that p16Ink4a overexpression is connected to PA proliferation and subsequent malignant transformation to CaexPA. Borderline p16Ink4a staining correlates with worse prognosis of CaexPA. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Bartkowiak, E., Piwowarczyk, K., Bodnar, M., Kosikowski, P., Chou, J., Wozniak, A., Wierzbicka, M. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research
Ethnicity influences total serum vitamin B12 concentration: a study of Black, Asian and White patients in a primary care setting
Conclusions
It is likely that a combination of genetic and acquired/environmental factors are responsible for the ethnic differences in serum B12. This suggests that there is a need for ethnic-specific reference ranges with indications for the incorporation of age and sex too. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: O'Logbon, J., Crook, M., Steed, D., Harrington, D. J., Sobczynska-Malefora, A. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Invasive carcinoma versus pseudoinvasion: interobserver variability in the assessment of left-sided colorectal polypectomies
Conclusion
Moderate to substantial, though imperfect, agreement was achieved in the distinction of pseudoinvasion from invasive carcinoma. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Lee, M., Kudose, S., Del Portillo, A., Ko, H. M., Lee, H., Pittman, M. E., Salomao, M. A., Sepulveda, A. R., Lagana, S. M. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Lights on HBME-1: the elusive biomarker in thyroid cancer pathology
Among the different ancillary immunohistochemical tools that pathologists may employ in thyroid nodules, the so-called Hector Battifora’s ‘MEsothelioma’ 1 (HBME-1) staining is one of the most fascinating, since its real identity is currently unknown. In the present review, the different clinical applications of HBME-1 are analysed, with main emphasis on its role in thyroid pathology with overview on less impactful fields, such as haematopathology or mesothelial lesions. Different acceptable or good diagnostic performances were recorded for HBME-1 in thyroid pathology, being used in routine practice as one...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Cazzaniga, G., Seminati, D., Smith, A., Piga, I., Capitoli, G., Garancini, M., L'Imperio, V., Fusco, N., Pagni, F. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in haematology
Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) is conventionally defined as the ability of a computer system to perform tasks that are usually thought to require human intelligence, including reasoning, self-correction and learning.1 Machine learning (ML) is a statistical subset of AI describing the ability of computers to learn to perform tasks without being explicitly programmed to do so. AI and ML rely heavily on appropriate datasets to train algorithms, and digitalisation of health data, coupled with accelerated development of AI methodologies, has led to a surge in investment and development in recent years. Fundamentally,...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Manimaran, M., Arora, A., Lovejoy, C. A., Gao, W., Maruthappu, M. Tags: Viewpoint Source Type: research
PTEN as a target in melanoma
PTEN is a well-known tumour suppressor protein that is frequently found to be mutated, inactivated or deleted in a wide range of different cancers. Its tumour suppressive properties result predominantly from its inhibitory effects on the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway. In melanoma, numerous different PTEN mutations have been identified in both melanoma cell lines and melanoma tissue. A number of different molecules can act on PTEN to either promote its suppression of melanoma, while other molecules may antagonise PTEN to inhibit its mechanism of action against melanoma. This review will discuss how the interactions of PTEN wi...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Ince, F. A., Shariev, A., Dixon, K. Tags: Editor's choice, Molecules in pathogenesis Source Type: research
Gene of the month: ERG
The ERG gene belongs to the erythroblastosis transformation specific family of transcription factors and encodes for the transcription regulator protein ERG. It is located on chromosome 22q22 and is a nuclear transcription factor. In normal physiology, ERG protein is expressed in endothelial cells and is involved in processes including, but not limited to, angiogenesis and haematopoiesis. Of diagnostic value in clinical practice, ERG immunohistochemistry is a useful marker of endothelial differentiation for both benign and malignant vascular lesions. It is also reliable for identifying ERG gene translocated malignancies su...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - August 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Mullen, D., Nowak, K., Chetty, R. Tags: Gene of the month Source Type: research
Arcane apoptosis in appendicitis: clue to COVID-19 in children or coincidence?
We had observed increased apoptosis in two appendixes in children who developed acute appendicitis after COVID-19 infection. We wondered if this was a chance finding or was causal. To investigate whether increased apoptosis was indicative of COVID-19 infection and if the appendix was involved in COVID-19, we evaluated H&E-stained slides of 12 consecutive cases of acute appendicitis in children (6 with past/current COVID-19, 6 negative on PCR). SARS-CoV-2 immunohistochemistry was performed on sections on the Leica BOND-III platform using Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) nucleocapsid mouse monoclonal antibody at ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - July 19, 2022 Category: Pathology Authors: Pai, S. A., Bhaduri, B., Chandrasekar, S., Alladi, P. A., Caza, T., Mahadevan, A., Saiprasad, T. R., Walker, P. Tags: COVID-19 PostScript Source Type: research
