Microvesicular hyperplastic polyp and sessile serrated lesion of the large intestine: a biological continuum or separate entities?
The range of lesions with a serrated appearance within the large intestine has expanded and become more complex over the last 30 years. The majority of these were previously known as metaplastic polyps but are today called hyperplastic polyps (HPs). HPs show two main growth patterns: microvesicular and goblet cell-rich. The former type shows morphological and molecular similarities (eg, BRAF mutations) to the more recently described sessile serrated lesion (SSL). In this review, we debate whether these lesions represent a biological spectrum or separate entities. Whichever view is held, microvesicular HPs and SSLs are dist...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - June 19, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Bateman, A. C., Booth, A. L., Gonzalez, R. S., Shepherd, N. A. Tags: Editor's choice Review Source Type: research
Prognostic factors for pleomorphic dermal sarcoma: analysis of 1911 cases from the SEER database
Prognostic factors for pleomorphic dermal sarcoma, a rare undifferentiated neoplasm of the skin, are poorly defined, and typical staging systems do not appear to be appropriate for these neoplasms. We; therefore, sought to identify prognostic factors for disease-specific survival and predictors of metastasis.
Pleomorphic dermal sarcomas were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database (N=1911). Multiple imputation was used to overcome inherent limitations in this dataset to assess prognostic factors using multivariable Cox proportional hazard stratified by (neo)adjuvant radiotherapy and logistic r...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Perez, A. N., Dashti, N. K., Cates, J. M. M. Tags: Short report Source Type: research
Technical note on the exploration of COVID-19 in autopsy material
Interrogation of immune response in autopsy material from patients with SARS-CoV-2 is potentially significant. We aim to describe a validated protocol for the exploration of the molecular physiopathology of SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary disease using multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF).
The application of validated assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in tissues, originally developed in our laboratory in the context of oncology, was used to map the topography and complexity of the adaptive immune response at protein and mRNA levels.
SARS-CoV-2 is detectable in situ by protein or mRNA, with a sensitivity that could be in part relat...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Humphries, M. P., Bingham, V., Abdullah Sidi, F., Craig, S., Lara, B., El-daly, H., O'Doherty, N., Maxwell, P., Lewis, C., McQuaid, S., Lyness, J., James, J., Snead, D. R. J., Salto-Tellez, M. Tags: Open access, COVID-19 Short report Source Type: research
Predictors of risk of relapse in classic Hodgkin lymphoma
Using multiparametric flow cytometric analysis, in a cohort of 62 patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma having a median follow-up period of 69.5 months, we found—patients who experienced primary resistance or disease relapse (DR) had lower percentage of rosetted Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells (HRS-cells) as compared with patients who achieved sustained complete remission (SCR) (p=0.022); patients >35 years of age had higher percentage of HRS-cells (p=0.017) and lower percentage of B cells (p=0.017) and the nodular sclerosis subtype had higher percentage of B-cells (p=0.046) and activated B-cells (p=0.03). The propo...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Fromm, J. R., Tang, C., Naresh, K. N. Tags: Short report Source Type: research
BCR::ABL1 screening is not indicated in patients with splenomegaly without neutrophilia and/or basophilia
The underlying causes of splenomegaly are myriad and include acute, chronic and tropical infections; haematological malignancies (both acute and chronic, myeloid and lymphoid); non-neoplastic haematological conditions (thalassaemia, autoimmune haemolysis); congestive causes (cirrhosis, cardiac failure); inflammatory conditions (systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis); neoplastic causes (haemangioma, metastases) and infiltrative processes (Gaucher’s disease, amyloidosis).1 Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a haematopoietic stem cell–derived myeloproliferative neoplasm, molecularly characterised by the presen...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Langabeer, S. E. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research
Reticulocyte haemoglobin equivalent (RET-He) as an early marker of responsiveness to oral iron supplementation
Conclusion
Single timepoint RET-He measures have poor predictive ability; however, change in RET-He after 1 week was a strong predictor of haemoglobin response among Cambodian women receiving 60 mg elemental iron and can be measured easily and quickly after only 1 week of iron therapy. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Pei, L. X., Kroeun, H., Karakochuk, C. D. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM), C-reactive protein (CRP) and other biomarkers in the early identification of disease progression in patients with COVID-19 in the acute NHS setting
Conclusions
The measurement of MR-proADM and CRP in patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection on admission shows significant potential to support clinicians in identifying those at increased risk of disease progression and need for higher level care, subsequently enabling prompt escalation in clinical interventions. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Moore, N., Williams, R., Mori, M., Bertolusso, B., Vernet, G., Lynch, J., Philipson, P., Ledgerwood, T., Kidd, S. P., Thomas, C., Garcia-Arias, V., Young, M., Saeed, K., Gordon, K., Cortes, N. Tags: COVID-19 Original research Source Type: research
Integration of rapid PCR testing as an adjunct to NGS in diagnostic pathology services within the UK: evidence from a case series of non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with follow-up
Conclusions
We discuss issues around integrating rapid PCR testing alongside NGS in multidisciplinary care pathways and strategies for mitigating against foreseeable difficulties. Dual testing for stage IV non-squamous, NSCLC patients has the potential to improve care and survival outcomes by providing access to the right test at the right time. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Finall, A., Davies, G., Jones, T., Emlyn, G., Huey, P., Mullard, A. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Comparison of T-cell immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) protein using an in-house flow-cytometric assay in laboratory employees with and without previously confirmed COVID-19 in South Africa: nationwide cross-sectional study
Conclusions
A significant proportion of South African laboratory employees who were not previously diagnosed with COVID-19 demonstrated T-cell reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 N-proteins and S-proteins. The pre-existing T-cell proliferation responses may be attributable to cross-reactive immune responses to other human coronaviruses, or possibly asymptomatic infection. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: van Rooyen, C., Brauer, M., Swanepoel, P., van den Berg, S., van der Merwe, C., van der Merwe, M., Green, R., Becker, P. Tags: Open access, COVID-19 Original research Source Type: research
Macrophage polarisation in caesarean scar diverticulum
Conclusions
In this study, TNF-α, α-SMA, CD16 and CD31 proteins were overexpressed in all CSD cases, and CD16/CD163 was positively correlated with tissue inflammation, fibrosis and neovascularisation. Abnormal mononuclear macrophage infiltration may be involved in the origin and progression of CSD. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Huang, J., Liu, X., Hou, Y., Liu, Y., Liao, K., Xie, N., Deng, K. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Results of histopathological revisions of major salivary gland neoplasms in routine clinical practice
Conclusions
The number of discordant histopathological revisions (8.3%) emphasises the complexity of the histopathological diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasms. An increase in consultations may improve the accuracy of the initial diagnosis and thus treatment in salivary gland tumours while lowering the need for revisions and the number of discordant revisions. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Reerds, S. T. H., Uijen, M. J. M., Van Engen-Van Grunsven, A. C. H., Marres, H. A. M., van Herpen, C. M. L., Honings, J. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Chondroblastoma: clinicopathological analyses of 307 cases from a single institution in China and the diagnostic value of the H3F3 K36M mutant antibody
Conclusions
CB usually involves the long tubular bones in younger age group. H3F3 K36M can identify K36M mutation with 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity in non-decalcified and EDTA decalcified samples, more than 80% sensitivity in HCl decalcified samples. Virtually, all CBs harbour an H3K36M mutation. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Zhao, Q., Tang, J., Luo, Y., Huang, J., Hu, D., Zhu, J., Jiang, T., Zhang, H., Liu, Z. Tags: Editor's choice Original research Source Type: research
'Atypical, 'aggressive or 'malignant chondroblastoma? Uncertainty about uncertain malignant potential
In this study, all 136 undecalcified and EDTA-decalcified samples were immunoreactive for the H3K36M antibody, while only 87% of the hydrochloric acid-decalcified specimens were positive. Nevertheless, these findings support what is already known about chondroblastomas, that the majority harbour mutations in either the H3F3B gene or less commonly the H3F3A gene resulting in a p.Lys36Met that is easily demonstrable by immunohistochemistry, and that the H3K36M antibody is invaluable in distinguishing histologically unusual... (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Reith, J. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
Expression, assessment and significance of Ki67 expression in breast cancer: an update
Ki67 expression is one of the most important and cost-effective surrogate markers to assess for tumour cell proliferation in breast cancer (BC). The Ki67 labelling index has prognostic and predictive value in patients with early-stage BC, particularly in the hormone receptor-positive, HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)-negative (luminal) tumours. However, many challenges exist in using Ki67 in routine clinical practice and it is still not universally used in the clinical setting. Addressing these challenges can potentially improve the clinical utility of Ki67 in BC. In this article, we review the function, imm...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - May 18, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Lashen, A. G., Toss, M. S., Ghannam, S. F., Makhlouf, S., Green, A., Mongan, N. P., Rakha, E. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Evaluation of CSF kappa free light chains for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS): a comparison with oligoclonal bands (OCB) detection via isoelectric focusing (IEF) coupled with immunoblotting
This study was done to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid kappa free light chain (KFLC) for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, against isoelectrofocusing (IEF) to detect oligoclonal bands (OCB) as gold standard. 64 cases were divided into positive and negative based on the OCB results. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated for the 1 mg/L cut-off. The 1 mg/L cut-off yielded a percent agreement of 86.1% and Cohen’s kappa value of 0.8. Youden’s index, yielded a cut-off of 0.92 mg/L as optimal (90.3% specificity and 90.9% sensitivity). The analytical time was 3 hours and 55 min for IEF and 25 min fo...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 19, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Abid, M. A., Ahmed, S., Muneer, S., Khan, S., de Oliveira, M. H. S., Kausar, R., Siddiqui, I. Tags: Open access Short report Source Type: research
