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Trends in Cirrhosis and Mortality by Age, Sex, Race, and Antiviral Treatment Status Among US Chronic Hepatitis B Patients (2006-2016)
Conclusions: From 2006 to 2016, the prevalence of cirrhosis among CHB patients doubled. Notably, all-cause mortality increased among untreated patients but decreased among treated patients. These results suggest that antiviral treatment attenuates the progression of cirrhosis and the risk of death among patients with CHB. (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Liver, Pancreas & Biliary Tract: Original Articles Source Type: research

Identifying Advanced Fibrosis in NAFLD Using Noninvasive Tests: A Systematic Review of Sequential Algorithms
Background: The utility of noninvasive tests (NITs) for the diagnosis of advanced fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is limited by indeterminate results and modest predictive values (PVs). Algorithms of sequential NITs may overcome these shortcomings. Thus, we sought to systematically review the accuracy of sequential algorithms for assessing advanced fibrosis in NAFLD. Methods: A systematic review was performed following guidelines in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. A literature search of PubMed and Embase was performed in July of 2020...
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Liver, Pancreas & Biliary Tract: Original Articles Source Type: research

Cannabis Use is Associated With Reduced 30-Day All-cause Readmission Among Hospitalized Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Nationwide Analysis
Conclusion: Our review of the National Readmission Database revealed no statistically significant differences in 30-day readmission rates for IBS-specific causes when comparing patients who reported cannabis use with those who did not. However, the authors found that cannabis use was associated with reduced 30-day hospital readmission rates for all causes. (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Alimentary Tract: Original Articles Source Type: research

Cost of Constipation: A New Look With a Focus on New Medications
Conclusion: Using survey data designed to be representative of the United States population, the study identified secretagogues as a key cost factor in drug treatment of constipation. The results do not support models suggesting improved role functioning offsets these higher direct expenditures. While prospective comparative studies are needed to more definitively correlate costs with direct or indirect benefits of different agents, limiting the use of more expensive medications to otherwise refractory cases may help to reign in the spiraling health care costs in this country. (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Alimentary Tract: Original Articles Source Type: research

Serrated Lesion Detection in a Population-based Colon Screening Program
This study received IRB approval. Results: A total of 74,605 colonoscopies were included and 26.6% had at least 1 serrated polyp removed. The SSPDR was 7.0%, with 59% of the SSPs detected having a concurrent conventional adenoma. The mean FIT value for colonoscopies with only serrated lesions was less than that for colonoscopies with a conventional adenoma or colorectal cancer (P (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Alimentary Tract: Original Articles Source Type: research

Associations of Habitual Dietary Intake With Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Bowel Functions in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Background & Goals: Diet may contribute to symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and luminal production of putative IBS biomarkers including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Study aims were to to assess relationships of habitual fiber or starch intake with fecal SCFAs in patients with IBS and healthy volunteers (HVs). Study: In 18 HVs and 30 patients with IBS (13 constipation-predominant [IBS-C] and 17 diarrhea-predominant [IBS-D]), habitual diet using a food frequency questionnaire; bowel functions using a validated bowel diary; and fecal SCFAs by HPLC-mass spectrometry were assessed. Associations of fiber...
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Alimentary Tract: Original Articles Source Type: research

Eating and Psychiatric Disorders Are Independent Risk Factors for Rumination Syndrome
Conclusions: A history of ED and PD were independent risk factors for RS. Abnormal eating behaviors and psychiatric comorbidities may contribute to the pathogenesis of RS. Evaluation of RS should include a detailed history for ED and PD. (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Alimentary Tract: Original Articles Source Type: research

Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy for Zenker’s Diverticulum: A Novel and Superior Technique Compared With Septotomy?
Conclusions: A tunneling technique via the Z-POEM procedure is an efficacious and safe endoscopic treatment for ZD. Z-POEM is a safer procedure with a statistically significant reduction in adverse events compared with traditional septotomy technique. (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Alimentary Tract: Original Articles Source Type: research

Differential Bile Acid Detection in Refractory GERD Patient Saliva Using a Simple and Sensitive Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Approach
Conclusions: Bile acids can be detected and accurately quantitated in human saliva using a sensitive ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay. Increases above threshold could indicate an underlying disease. This method could potentially be used to evaluate biliary reflux as an underlying pathophysiology of refractory GERD. (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Alimentary Tract: Original Articles Source Type: research

Proton Pump Inhibitors Versus Histamine-2-Receptor Antagonists for Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients: A Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis
Conclusions: Among critically ill patients, PPI was associated with reduced clinically significant or overt GIB. No differences in pneumonia were seen with the use of either agent. Trial sequential analysis for clinically significant GIB ruled out the risk for false-positive results, and thereby it is unlikely that future trials will affect our conclusions. (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Clinical Reviews Source Type: research

Review of the Safety Profiles of Laxatives in Pregnant Women
Chronic constipation is one of the most common complaints seen in the gastroenterology clinic and is particularly prevalent in women. Women who become pregnant may suffer from existing constipation or develop constipation de novo. A thorough understanding of the safety of laxative therapies during pregnancy and the postpartum period is essential to successfully treating these women. Current understanding of the safety of both over the counter and prescription laxatives has not been adequately evaluated. In this article we provide an updated and comprehensive review of the safety profiles of laxatives that are currently use...
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Clinical Reviews Source Type: research

Before Saying Goodbye Some Recollection and Some Humble Suggestions
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Prevalence and Clinical and Endoscopic Characteristics of Cervical Inlet Patch (Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusion: CIP appears to be common by using narrow-band imaging, especially if the endoscopists would like to pay attention to the detection of this lesion. CIP is clearly associated with acid-related symptoms and Barrett’s esophagus. (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Online Articles: Original Articles Source Type: research

Efficacy of Combining Aggressive Hydration With Rectal Indomethacin in Preventing Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) is the most common complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (ERCP). No randomized controlled trial (RCT) has compared the efficacy of the American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy recommended interventions for PEP prevention. We assessed the effectiveness of these interventions using network meta-analysis. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched to identify RCTs investigating guideline-recommended interventions and their combinations [rectal nonsteroid...
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Online Articles: Original Articles Source Type: research

Prevalence of Microscopic Colitis in Diarrhea-predominant Irittable Bowel Syndrome Patients: Cohort Study From Upper Egypt
Conclusions: Prevalence of MC in D-IBS patients from Upper Egypt is relatively high (21.66%). Concomitant immunologic diseases, possible triggering drugs intake, and long duration of diarrhea are significant risk factors for undiagnosed MC in D-IBS patients. (Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - February 19, 2022 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Online Articles: Original Articles Source Type: research